RESEARCH METHOD COHEN ok

92 PLANNING EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Box 3.3
continued
Question Sub-issues and problems Decisions
24 How to verify and
validate the data and their
interpretation
What opportunities will there be for
respondents to check the researcher’s
interpretation
At what stages of the research is
validation necessary
What will happen if respondents disagree
with the researcher’s interpretation
Presenting and reporting the results
Question Sub-issues and problems Decisions
25 How to write up and
report the research
26 When to write up and
report the research (e.g.
ongoing or summative)
27 How to present the
results in tabular and/or
written-out form
28 How to present the
results in non-verbal
forms
29 To whom to report
(the necessary and
possible audiences of the
research)
30 How frequently to
report
Who will write the report and for whom
How detailed must the report be
What must the report contain
What channels of dissemination of the
research are to be used
How many times are appropriate for
reporting
For whom are interim reports compiled
Which reports are public
How to ensure that everyone will
understand the language or the statistics
How to respect the confidentiality of the
participants
How to report multiple perspectives
Will different parties require different
reports
How to respect the confidentiality of the
participants
How to report multiple perspectives
Do all participants receive a report
What will be the effects of not reporting
to stakeholders
Is it necessary to provide interim reports
If interim reports are provided, how might
this affect the future reports or the
course of the research
Determine the process of respondent
validation during the research.
Decide the reporting of multiple
perspectives and interpretations.
Decide respondents’ rights to have their
views expressed or to veto reporting.
Ensure that the most appropriate form of
reporting is used for the audiences.
Keep the report as short, clear and
complete as possible.
Provide summaries if possible/fair.
Ensure that the report enables fair
critique and evaluation to be undertaken.
Decide the most appropriate timing,
purposes and audiences of the reporting.
Decide the status of the reporting (e.g.
formal, informal, public, private).
Decide the most appropriate form of
reporting.
Decide whether to provide a glossary of
terms.
Decide the format(s) of the reports.
Decide the number and timing of the
reports.
Decide the protection of the individual’s
rights, balancing this with the public’s
rights to know.
Decide the most appropriate form of
reporting.
Decide the number and timing of the
reports.
Ensure thatawrittenrecordiskeptof
oral reports.
Decide the protection of the individual’s
rights, balancing this with the public’s
rights to know.
Identify the stakeholders.
Determine the least and most material to
be made available to the stakeholders.
Decide on the timing and frequency of the
reporting.
Determine the formative and summative
nature of the reports.