Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

According to observations made, besides thecharacteristic features of blackberry varietiesstudied, flowering phenological phase dependsmainly on climatic conditions laid down in thecorresponding period phenological stage ofdevelopment. Blackberry varieties startflowering took place at 10.05. up to 01.06. andlasted from 28.05 until 21.06. The duration offlowering plants blackberry varieties includedin the study ranged from 16 to 23 days.Blackberry fruit maturation takes place in thelast days of June to the first decade ofSeptember. During fruit ripening at differentblackberry varieties is almost three months,which is very important to provide fresh fruits(Hapova S., 2003).The results obtained allowed to establish thatblackberry fruit ripening took place over 55-64days from the beginning of flowering (Figure1). The varieties studied during the earlyvegetation until fruit maturation period rangedbetween 88 and 114 days. Early maturingvarieties of blackberry took place at 21.06. upto 28.07. and lasted from 29.07 until 09.09.During the period of ripening blackberry planton varieties included in the study ranged from30 to 46 days (Figure 2).As a result of measurements made at varietiesof blackberry plants studied were obtained dataon capacity development and fruitingblackberry plants that have been included inTable 3.The variety Darrow is from the group cumanicaand is an early variety, very productive, withthe ability to suckers, has erect stems, but witha drawback, are endowed with sharp thorns andbend the tip, which creates inconvenience toharvest fruit.According to the data in Table 3 wasestablished that the average length of strains onthe blackberry variety Darrow reached valuesranging from 1.15 m in 2011 year until 1.21 mon 2012 year.The variety Smoothstem average length of thestrains corresponding ranged between 1.58 mand 2.13 m. The variety Thornfree reached thehighest values, the average length of the strainswas corresponding 3.03 m and 3.55 m, datafrom the emerge as the most vigorous variety.The variety,yearsDarrow201020112012Smoothstem201020112012Thornfree201020112012Table 2. Phenological stages of plant development in blackberry varietiesBeginning Phenophases Floweringof budding period beginningend duration15.0410.0408.0421.0420.0410.0428.0426.0412.0432343234334231364617.0519.0510.0522.0523.0522.0529.0501.0628.0502.0606.0628.0509.0608.0612.0621.0618.0619.06161718181621231722Fruits maturationPhenophasesperiod565957625961605564beginning in end durationDurationmass formation12.0717.0721.0623.0721.0715.0728.0726.0721.0705.08 19.0830.07 16.0805.07 29.0718.08 08.0915.08 05.0908.08 28.0819.08 09.0917.08 07.0917.08 02.093730394645444342429389968811410510397104The average length of stems varied between1.18 and 3.29 m, and the limit of changesdeviated from 1.15 to 3.55 m.Average number of strains of the blackberrybush varieties has varied on years from 8shoots on the variety Smoothstem and up to 11pcs. on the variety Darrow. The average massof blackberry fruit ranged from 2.9 g to 4.9 gDarrow variety to variety Thornfree. Limit ofvariation from the average mass of blackberryfruit ranged from 2.7 to 5.1 g The averagevalues of fruits on the blackberrybushes ranged from 224 pcs. on the varietySmoothstem up to 483 pcs. on the varietyThornfree. Limit of variation deviated between195-540 fruits/bush.111