Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

pest agents, that have been used substancesbased on Cu and S + bioinsecticides wascollected the largest number of copies ofharmful artopode (174 insects), followed by theversion where were used the integrated control(less harmful chemicals + biotechnical means+ bioinsecticides) (152 insects) and variantwho underwent chemical control (104 insects).This is the result of the less toxic effect of theproducts used for the biological control, andeffect of more toxic chemicals used forchemical control. Integrated control place, theabundance of pests on an intermediate position.In terms of the structure of pests, the situationis different on the three pest control methods.In the version with chemical control, thehighest level was occupied by the insects of theorder Coleoptera (51.0%), followed byHomoptera (30.8%) and Orthoptera (11.5%).The remaining 6.73% counted Thisanoptera,Heteroptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera.Whole, pests collected from the chemicallytreated, is below the threshold harmful to thevines. Noticeable is that Ciccadellidae family,wich require careful follow-up for future, giventhat in Europe there are several species ofmycoplasmas carried by these vectors invineyards (eg Scaphoideus titanus, Metcalfapruinosa). Fortunately,these micoplasmas havenot been identified so far in our country.In the variant of biological control, there aretwo groups close to each other: Homoptera andColeoptera occupy 44.3% and 30.5% in thestructure of the pest, followed by Heteropteraand Orthoptera 12.1% and 9.2%.In the version with integrated control, fourgroups of insects occupy close structural levels,as follows: Homoptera (38.8%), Coleoptera(22.4%), Orthoptera (20.4%) and Heteroptera(14.5%).Table 2. Structure and relative and numeric abundance of the harmful insects subjects to the controlling method.Chemical control Biological control Integrated controlToxonomy classificationNr ex. % Nr ex. % Nr ex. %1. Ord. ORTHOPTERA 12 11.5 16 9.2 31 20.42. Ord. THYSANOPTERA 1 1.0 3 1.7 0 0.003. Ord. HETEROPTERA 0 0.0 21 12.1 22 14.54. Ord. HOMOPTERA 32 30.8 77 44.3 59 38.85. Ord. COLEOPTERA 53 51.0 53 30.4 34 22.36. Ord. LEPIDOPTERA 2 1.9 1 0.6 3 2.07. Ord. DIPTERA 4 3.8 3 1.7 3 2.0TOTAL 104 100 174 100 152 100To be noted that all versions include Orthopteragroup, represented by crickets andgrasshoppers, whose presence is justified by thevariety of spontaneous vegetation surroundingthe vineyard ecosystem (Table 3).Useful entomofauna specific for a vineyardecosystem, where three types of pest wereapplied is presented both as structure and asnumber and relative abundance into the Table4.Analyzing the useful entomofauna collectedfrom the vineyard ecosystem under the threemethods of pest control, as in the case of theharmful fauna, we found the same trend: thelargest number of beneficial being collectedfrom biological control version (214 insects),followed by integrated control variant (102insects), while fewer individuals were recordedin chemical control version (64 insects).Table 3. Numerical distribution of the harmfulentomofauna differentiated by the methods applied forpest control in vineyardToxonomy Chemical Biological Integratedclassification control control controlOrd.ORTHOPTERA4 7 12Ord.THYSANOPTERA1 1 0Ord.HETEROPTERA0 10 9Ord. HOMOPTERA 14 25 11Ord.COLEOPTERA17 20 15Ord.LEPIDOPTERA0 0 2Ord. DIPTERA 0 2 0TOTAL 36 65 4951