Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture. Vol. LVII, 2013Print ISSN 2285-5653, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5661, Online ISSN 2286-1580, ISSN-L 2285-5653THE VITICULTURE AND WINEMAKING OF REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA -PAST, PRESENT AND FUTUREGheorghe NICOLAESCU 1 , Valeriu CEBOTARI 2 , Ana NICOLAESCU 1 ,Dumitru BRATCO 2 , Mariana GODOROJA 1 , Cornelia LUNGU 1 , Valeria PROCOPENCO 11 State Agrarian University of Moldova, 44, Mircesti str., MD-2049, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova2 Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, 162 Stefan cel Mare Blvd., MD-2004,Chisinau, Republic of MoldovaAbstractCorresponding author email: gh.nicolaescu@gmail.comViticulture and winemaking in Moldova has an important role in the national economy. These branches have animportant share in the GDP. At this stage of viticulture and winemaking activity is regulated by Law of Vine and Wine(57/10.03.2006), government resolution on the approval of the restoration and development of viticulture andwinemaking for the period 2002-2020 (1313/07.10.2002) and other regulations. In the period until 2006 the branch hasa rapid growth, and stagnation occurred as a result of the embargo imposed by Russia. At present, the vineyard area isabout 100 000 ha.Key words: Republic of Moldova, viticulture, winemaking industry.INTRODUCTIONViticulture and winemaking in Moldova are themain sectors of agriculture. The favorableclimatic conditions of Moldova, provide anopportunity to successfully cultivate grapes.The main activity of the villagers is cultivationof table grapes and grapes for processing. Formany years’ viticulture and winemaking wassubjected to many tests under the influence ofvarious factors-political, economic, social, etc.At this stage of viticulture and winemakingactivity is regulated by Law of Vine and Wine(57/10.03.2006), government resolution on theapproval of the restoration and development ofviticulture and winemaking for the period2002-2020 (1313/07.10.2002) and otherregulations.The aim of our research was to study thedynamics of development and the state ofviticulture and winemaking at this stage and thelevel of their development in according to theprogram.MATERIALS AND METHODSIn our study, about the situation of viticultureand winemaking, we used the data of theNational Statistical Department and the87Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry ofRepublic of Moldova. Also we used normativeand legislative acts of the parliament andgovernment of Moldova, the specializedliterature.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSThe state of viticulture and winemaking at thisstage is characterized by the following data.The data from figure 1 showed that from 1991to 2011, the total area of vineyards hasdecreased significantly from 176 thousand hato 102 thousand ha, and the area of productivevineyards decreased from 148 thousandhectares to 92 thousand hectares.In the period from 2002 to 2006 the area ofvineyards has been stable, about 108-110thousand hectares. This is due to GD1313/2002 on the restoration of viticulture andwinemaking for the period 2002-2020. After2006, the vineyard's area decreased, thissituation was associated with the embargo forwine from Russia, the largest market forproducts.
decrease of the area of vineyards and thenonhomogeneous weather conditions. Theweather conditions influenced the productionper hectares (next figures).Figure 1. Dynamics of the total and productive area ofvineyards in the Republic of Moldova during 1991-2011years, thousand ha (Nicolaescu et al., 2010; Corobca etal., 2012)Figure 3. Dynamics of the grape yield in the Republic ofMoldova during 2001-2011 years, kg/ha. (Nicolaescu etal., 2010; Corobca et al., 2012)The data from figure 4 showed that the yieldwas nonhomogeneous. They was to influencedby the nonhomogeneous weather conditions.Figure 2. Dynamics of the total, processed and grapesproduction in the Republic of Moldova during 1991-2011 years, thousand t. (Nicolaescu et al., 2010; Corobcaet al., 2012)The data from figure 2 showed that from 2001to 2011, the total area of table grapes vineyardshas been stable, about 15-16 thousand hectares.After that, from 2006 to 2009, the vineyard'sarea decreased, this situation was associatedwith the embargo for wine from Russia, thelargest market for products. In recent years, thesituation has improved.The data from figure 3 showed that from 1991to 2011, the production has decreasedsignificantly from about 600 thousand tones(total production in 1991) to 350 thousand ha(the same indices in 2011). The similarsituation observed for the quantity of processedgrapes in this period, but the table grapesproduction in the period from 2001 to 2011years has between about 30 thousand tones (in2006) and about 77 thousand tones (in 2004).The production decrease was due to theFigure 4. Dynamics of the grapes export from theRepublic of Moldova during 1994-2011 years, thousandUSD. (Nicolaescu et al., 2010)The source of information:http://comtrade.un.orghttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:282:0001:0912:RO:PDFFigure 5. Dynamics of the grapes import in the Republicof Moldova during 1994-2011 years, thousand USD.(Nicolaescu et al., 2010)The source of information:http://comtrade.un.orghttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:282:0001:0912:RO:PDF88
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERSSERIES B. HORTICUL
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
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Fructification - Florin Constantin
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Phenological Studies on Some Variet
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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processes become even slower and th
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- usingselectedbacteriafromm Leucon
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To organoleptic analysis of the win
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works were pickling the cucumbers i
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days after removal of weeds by burn
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it appears that the culture has gro
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Maintainance of the genetic structu
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Page 43 and 44: Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifac
Page 45 and 46: Neamtu G., Gheorghe Campeanu, Carme
Page 47 and 48: Experience consisted of the followi
Page 49 and 50: Table 7. Total production on plantV
Page 51 and 52: vineyard, several methods were used
Page 53 and 54: Table 4. Structure and number and r
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Page 58 and 59: gets serious role through the ferme
Page 60 and 61: Table 3. Element content of the ber
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4. The length of internodes
Page 68 and 69: The process of fruit forming was de
Page 72 and 73: Compomist F1 hybrid reaches value o
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Page 81 and 82: and quality of organic potatoes for
Page 83 and 84: Petri dishes, the pathogenic fungi
Page 85 and 86: Variant 4R 2 11.0 4.0 15.0 7.0 22.0
Page 90 and 91: Analyzing the dynamics of the total
Page 92 and 93: Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
Page 96 and 97: Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Page 102 and 103: Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
Page 104: Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
Page 107 and 108: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
Page 109 and 110: CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
Page 111 and 112: observations were made on phenologi
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Page 118 and 119: content, A-acidity content) to the
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Page 124 and 125: Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
Page 126 and 127: Appearance of the apricots after 5
Page 130 and 131: where: P F represent the coordinate
Page 134 and 135: Table 2. The production obtained at
Page 136 and 137: As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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,,The restoration is the methodolog
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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
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Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
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experiment because it shows and ill
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among all the administrations, exce
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solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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As shown in the figure, Chrysal is
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MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
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conclude the presented case, with k
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Also, comparative studies, concerni
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done before. Also the speed of the
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as Marcellus theatre or Trajan foru
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ian regime, by huge contradictions
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Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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“ordinary” buildings as the gen
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- The Writer’s Rotunda“The cons
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Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
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Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
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REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
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Figure 5. Average growth rate of
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In 2012 there were higher onset tem
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fact that root injuries is the majo
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We recommend that the species and c
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and parameters of quality. The phys
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AESTHETICALLEVEL OFAPPROACHLEVEL OF
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REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
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Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
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CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
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etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
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CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that 2
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
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according to quality class.The calc
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third party countries who wish to b
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Stakeholder comments concerned nota
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Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
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identified to facilitate its tracea
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- Analysis reports;This document ma
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Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
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Table 2. Example of sampling proced
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should be 5 kg.” According to thi
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One of the first and simplest condi
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of RIN transcription factor in ethy
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oriented towards the centre of the
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Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the c
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Related to the process of the evolu
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efore it is printed using the main
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Imposition of the pot is done every
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Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
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Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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