Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture. Vol. LVII, 2013Print ISSN 2285-5653, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5661, Online ISSN 2286-1580, ISSN-L 2285-5653STUDIES REGARDING THE E.U. STRATEGY IN THE FIELDOF AGRO-FOOD PRODUCT’ S QUALITYLenua CHIRA 1 , Adrian CHIRA 1 , Elena DELIAN 1 , Constana ALEXE 21 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest,59 Mrti Blvd, Sector 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania2 Institutul de Cercetare Dezvoltare pentru Industrializarea i Marketingul Produselor HorticoleHorting, Intrarea Binelui nr. 1 A, sector 4, Bucharest, RomaniaAbstractCorresponding author email: lenutachira@yahoo.comBoth basic agricultural products and those with an added value are confronted with an ever increasing competition onthe E.U. market due to the pressure carried out by the products originated in non- E.U. countries, where productioncharges are lower. Therefore, this being the case, the main success recipe for farmers and processors remains thepromotion of quality. The E.U.’s agricultural policy aims at bear up their efforts through community systems andregulations along two main guidelines: basic standards and measures for quality promotion. Over the last years theconsumers’ demand for ecological products has increased. To this effect since 1991 the E.U. has been applying astandard which provides laws regarding the ecological agriculture both for European producers and processors andfor the exporters which come from non-E.U. countries and who want to commercialize ecological products on the E.U.market. The basic principles of the ecological agro-food production have to comply with the requirements of the834/2007 E.U Regulation which also makes mention of the method of labeling and certifying used for ecologicalproducts. Obtaining qualitative products which also correspond to the requirements of the retail chains presupposes theconformation to a set of standards, known worldwide under the name of Global G.A.P. rules, according to whichfarmers and processors can become certified , thus obtaining the statute of the market’s preferred provider.Key words: certification, farmers, labelling, quality, requirements.INTRODUCTIONTaking into consideration the fact that at themoment Earth’s population consists of over 7billion inhabitants and in the near future a moresubstantial increase is foreseen it can beinferred that the demand for agro-food productswill raise rapidly. Vegetables, fruit, grapes,wine and all the other horticultural by-productshave always been highly valued by consumersall over the globe, playing an important role innutrition (Dejeu et al., 1997). The considerableincrease of the horticultural production has tocomply with the ever rising standards anddemands imposed by the consumers.The E.U.’s agricultural policy has to bear up thefarmers’ efforts in occupying the first positionsin the quest for quality. The first steps for thatpurpose have already been taken throughcommunity systems and regulations along twomain guidelines: basic standards and measuresfor quality promotion.E.U’s merchandising standards are regulationswhich imply definitions of products, basic/403minimal standards and labeling requirementsfor customers’ information for a large numberof agricultural products and for some finitefood products. Their aim is that of helpingfarmers deliver qualitative products that meetthe consumers’ expectations, avoiddisappointing the latter and facilitate thecomparison of prices regarding different classesof product quality (Banu et al., 2007).Merchandising standards have been adopted inorder to replace the various national standardsand to thus facilitate the commercial trades onthe exclusive market.Consumers’ request for ecological foodproducts has risen constantly over the lastyears, demand exceeding supply. Thecommunity market of agro-food ecologicalproducts continues to be fragmented at anational level.Since 1991 the E.U. has been applying astandard that implies rules concerningecological agriculture for European producersand processors and for the exporters from the
third party countries who wish to bringecological products into the community market.The community standard strictly observes therules regarding ecological agriculture whichhave been established within the internationalstandard adopted through Codex Alimentarius,which facilitates the recognition of communityecological products that are exported to othercountries.The goals of strategy and policy for the branchof the ecological agriculture were established in2004 and defined in ‘’The European ActionPlan for Food Products and EcologicalAgriculture’’. The most important legislativeprocess consisted of the framing of a newregulation regarding ecological agriculture,enacted in June 2007.The certification systems can enable retailers toassure or to impose conformation to certainproduction and delivery constraints. Theemergence of these systems along the years isthe result of the assessments performed by theretailers which have highlighted the consumers’wish of knowing more details about the foodproducts they are purchasing. The main aspectsthe consumers are concerned of are hygiene(sanitation), safety and the price.Agricultural product qualities includes bothproduct characteristics (physical, chemical,microbiological and organoleptic features –size, appearance, taste, look, ingredients, etc.)and farming attributes (production method,type of animal husbandry, use of processingtechniques, place of farming and of production,etc.).The quest for quality is a vital part of the EUagro-food sector’s strategy in the globalmarketplace. The EU remains an importantproducer of basic agricultural products.Buying food and drink produced in the EUmeans buying quality, chosen from a richdiversity of products reflecting the differenttraditions and regions in the Community.Consumers around the world know this: theEU’s agro-food sector has a reputation for highquality thanks to decades or even centuries ofhard work, investment, innovation and attentionto excellence.This tradition of high quality operates inseveral ways. At a basic level, all farmers in theEU are legally bound to respect some of themost stringent farming requirements in the404world. Among other things, these relate toenvironmental protection, animal welfare andthe use of pesticides and veterinary products.Beyond these basic requirements, farmers andfood producers use their expertise andimagination to give their products other,individual qualities valued by consumers.MATERIALS AND METHODSIn order to be able to perform this studyconcerning the E.U. strategy regarding thequality increase of the agri food products wehave used a series of present-day standards,norms and legal requirements as our source ofinformation, among which I mention:- The E.U. Regulation 834/2007 regarding theobtainment, labeling and certification ofecologic products,- The GlobalGAP Standard regarding theimplementation of good agriculturalpractices for the obtainment of the farmcertification according to the norms,- The Green Paper on agricultural productquality.As a result of these materials and of someresearch papers or specialized publications wehave carried out a synthesis which shows thecurrent situation and the E.U. tendenciesregarding the production andcommercialization of quality agri foodproducts.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSThe results of the study which was carried outwere structured in such a manner so as toenable the presentation of the aspects regardingthe production, labeling and certification of theecologic products, of the geographicalindications products and of that of traditionalproducts.THE CURRENT STATE WITHREFERENCE TO THE LABELING ANDTHE CERTIFICATION OF AGRO-FOODPRODUCTSAn essential goal of agricultural quality policyis to inform buyers and consumersabout product characteristics and farmingattributes. Unless buyers and consumers haveaccurate, useful and guaranteed informationabout these characteristics and attributes, theycannot be expected to pay a fair price.
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERSSERIES B. HORTICUL
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
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Fructification - Florin Constantin
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Phenological Studies on Some Variet
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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processes become even slower and th
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- usingselectedbacteriafromm Leucon
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To organoleptic analysis of the win
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works were pickling the cucumbers i
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days after removal of weeds by burn
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it appears that the culture has gro
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Maintainance of the genetic structu
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Table 3. Interaction variety of dwa
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Experimental scheme is situated in
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improvement especially laboratory s
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Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifac
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Neamtu G., Gheorghe Campeanu, Carme
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Experience consisted of the followi
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Table 7. Total production on plantV
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vineyard, several methods were used
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Table 4. Structure and number and r
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gets serious role through the ferme
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Table 3. Element content of the ber
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Figure 4. The length of internodes
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The process of fruit forming was de
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Compomist F1 hybrid reaches value o
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Figure 2. Experimental results repr
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and total number of tubers per plan
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and quality of organic potatoes for
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Petri dishes, the pathogenic fungi
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Variant 4R 2 11.0 4.0 15.0 7.0 22.0
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Analyzing the dynamics of the total
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Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
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Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Table 8. The Influence of irrigatio
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Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
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Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
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CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
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observations were made on phenologi
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Figure 1. Flowering period and blac
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content, A-acidity content) to the
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sugar accumulated in grapes and 1,0
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Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
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Appearance of the apricots after 5
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where: P F represent the coordinate
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Table 2. The production obtained at
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As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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,,The restoration is the methodolog
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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
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Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
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experiment because it shows and ill
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among all the administrations, exce
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solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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As shown in the figure, Chrysal is
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MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
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conclude the presented case, with k
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Page 361 and 362: Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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Page 367 and 368: Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
Page 369 and 370: Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
Page 371 and 372: REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
Page 373 and 374: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
Page 375 and 376: Figure 5. Average growth rate of
Page 377 and 378: In 2012 there were higher onset tem
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Page 385 and 386: AESTHETICALLEVEL OFAPPROACHLEVEL OF
Page 387 and 388: REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
Page 389 and 390: Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
Page 391 and 392: CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
Page 394 and 395: Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
Page 396 and 397: etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
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Page 401 and 402: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
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Page 407 and 408: Stakeholder comments concerned nota
Page 409 and 410: Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
Page 411 and 412: identified to facilitate its tracea
Page 413 and 414: - Analysis reports;This document ma
Page 418 and 419: Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
Page 420 and 421: Table 2. Example of sampling proced
Page 422 and 423: should be 5 kg.” According to thi
Page 426 and 427: One of the first and simplest condi
Page 428 and 429: of RIN transcription factor in ethy
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Page 434 and 435: Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the c
Page 436 and 437: Related to the process of the evolu
Page 440 and 441: efore it is printed using the main
Page 442 and 443: Imposition of the pot is done every
Page 444 and 445: Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
Page 448 and 449: Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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