Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the colony ofMycosphaerella grossulariae (Auers.) Lind.CBS 235.37on PDA medium after 7 days (a), after 10 days (b) andafter 45 days (c ) from inoculation of the strain ofTrichothecium roseumAfter 7 days from inoculation of the antagonisticfungus Gliocladiumroseum, internalradius of its colony became in the neighborhoodsthe phytopathogenic fungus colony(Figure 6a). After 10 days the contact lineappeared as an obviously curve with theconcavity oriented to the pathogen; this ischaracteristic of the relationship between thetwo fungal colonies among which there aredifferences in growth rate (Figure 5b). Betweenthe two colonies being in the same Petri dishappeared a small area of sparse mycelium,which persisted throughout the 45 days ofexperimentation and it marked a inhibition ofthe pathogen exercises by saprophytic fungus(Figure 5b, Figure 5c). From this moment, theinternal radius of the pathogen was inhibited inits growth and remained at the value of 5.35mm, while the outer radius continued to growuntil the colony of Mycosphaerellagrossulariaewas completely surrounded by saprophyticfungus colony and the pathogen growth wascompletely inhibited (Figure 6c).pathogenic fungus was partially surrounded bythe colony of the saprophytic fungus andcontinued to grow only by external radius(Figure 7b.). At the end of the experiment,phytopathogenic colony was covered by that ofthe antagonistic (Figure 7c).Figure 7. Macroscopic view of the colony ofMycosphaerella grossulariae (Auers.) Lind.CBS 235.37on PDA medium after 7 days (a), after 10 days and after45 days (c ) from inoculation of the strain of EpicoccumnigrumTrichoderma viride fungus grew very quicklyover phytopathogenic fungus colony, so that at7 days after inoculation antagonistic fungusinvaded the colony, entirely covering the Petridish and determine to cease growth bothinternal and external radius (Figure 8a, Figure8b). Between the two colonies, pathogen’s andantagonist’s, the mycelium of fungus Trichodermaviride was sparse, sign that phytopathogenicfungus present in the vicinity mayhave an inhibitory effect on the fungus . At theend of the experiment, the Petri dish appearedtotally covered by mycelium of the fungus T.viride, except for those inhibition zones thatformed in the right of the two colonies thatinteracted (Figure 8c).Figure 6. Macroscopic view of the colony ofMycosphaerella grossulariae (Auers.) Lind.CBS 235.37on PDA medium after 7 days (a), after 10 days and after45 days (c ) from inoculation of the strain of GliocladiumroseumAfter 7 days the contact zone between colonyof the fungus Epicoccumnigrum and Mycosphaerellagrossulariaecolony became a curvewith the concavity oriented towards pathogenfungus which had a slower growth, and theinner radius was ceased growing (Figure 7a).After 10 days, the white mycelium of theFigure 8. Macroscopic view of the colony ofMycosphaerella grossulariae (Auers.) Lind.CBS 235.37on PDA medium after 7 days (a), after 10 days and after45 days (c ) from inoculation of the strain ofTrichoderma virideThe average values of the percent of growthinhibition calculated after 7 days allowed assessmentof inhibition as in the categories 4 forTrichoderma viride, 3 level for Trichotheciumroseum and Epicoccumnigrum and only 1 levelfor the strain of Gliocladiumroseum (Table 4,Table 9, Figure 10).433
Table 4. The in vitro effect exercised by somesaprophytic fungi on M. grossulariae on PDA medium,expressed by inhibition percent (I%) and inhibition level(0-10), after 7 daysVariant I% levelM. grossulariae/ T. roseum 27,91 3M. grossulariae/ G. roseum 9,47 1M. grossulariae/ E. nigrum 24,53 3M. grossulariae/ T. viride 30,11 4Control (M. grossulariae) 0 0At 10 days after inoculation, inhibition coefficientvalues increased, reaching category 5 forTrichoderma viride and Trichothecium roseum,4 for Epicoccumnigrum and 3 for Gliocladiumroseum(Table 5, Table 9, Figure 10).Table 5. The in vitro relationships between M.grossulariae and some saprophytic fungi on PDAmedium, expressed by inhibition percent (I%) andinhibition level (0-10), after 10 daysVariant I% levelM. grossulariae/ T. roseum 41,64 5M. grossulariae/ G. roseum 26,57 3M. grossulariae/ E. nigrum 38,9 4M. grossulariae/ T. viride 43,42 5Control (M. grossulariae) 0 0After 30 days from the inoculation, the inhibitionvalues were significantly increased for alltested saprophytic fungi, being 73.86% in case ofTrichoderma viride, 73.03 in case of Trichotheciumroseum, 71.77 in case of the strain ofEpicoccumnigrum and only 66.07% in case ofGliocladiumroseum (Table 6, Table 8, Figure 9).Inhibition level was 8 on our scale for threesaprophytic fungal strains (Trichoderma viride,Trichothecium roseum, Epicoccumnigrum) andfor one strain (strain of the fungus Gliocladiumroseum)the level of inhibition was a little lower,7 respectively (Table 6, Table 9, Figure 10).case of Trichoderma viride, inhibition coe was77.91, followed by Trichothecium roseum with77.21 Epicoccumnigrum. Gliocladiumroseumshowed the lowest coefficient of inhibition of71.33 (Table 7, Table 8, Figure 9).Table 7. The in vitro relationships between M.grossulariae and some saprophytic fungi on PDAmedium, expressed by inhibition percent (I%) andinhibition level (0-10), after 45 daysVariant I% levelM. grossulariae/ T. roseum 77,21 8M. grossulariae/ G. roseum 71,33 8M. grossulariae/ E. nigrum 76,14 8M. grossulariae/ T. viride 77,91 8Control (M. grossulariae) 0 0Table 8. Inhibition percent (I%) exercited by saprophyticfungi on M. grossulariae in experimentally variantsVariant (saprophyticstrain fungus)after 7daysAfter10 daysafter30daysafter45daysTrichothecium roseum 27,91 41,64 73,03 77,21Gliocladium roseum 9,47 26,57 66,07 71,33Epicoccum nigrum 24,53 38,9 71,77 76,14Trichoderma viride 30,11 43,42 73,86 77,91Control (M. grossulariae) 0 0 0 0Related to degree of inhibition, however, for allsaprophytic fungi tested for their inhibitoryeffect against the strain of phytopathogenicfungus Mycosphaerella grossulariae, the inhibitionlevel was placed in category 8 (Table 7,Table 9, Figure 10).Table 6. The in vitro effect exercised by somesaprophytic fungi on M. grossulariae on PDA medium,expressed by inhibition percent (I%) and inhibition level(0-10), after 30 daysVariant I% levelM. grossulariae/ T. roseum 73,03 8M. grossulariae/ G. roseum 66,07 7M. grossulariae/ E. nigrum 71,77 8M. grossulariae/ T. viride 73,86 8Control (M. grossulariae) 0 0At the end of the experimentation, after 45 daysof the antagonist inoculation we found that inFigure 9. Evolution of inhibition percent (I%) inexperimentally variants434
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERSSERIES B. HORTICUL
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
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Fructification - Florin Constantin
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Phenological Studies on Some Variet
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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processes become even slower and th
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- usingselectedbacteriafromm Leucon
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To organoleptic analysis of the win
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works were pickling the cucumbers i
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days after removal of weeds by burn
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it appears that the culture has gro
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Maintainance of the genetic structu
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Table 3. Interaction variety of dwa
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Experimental scheme is situated in
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improvement especially laboratory s
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Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifac
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Neamtu G., Gheorghe Campeanu, Carme
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Experience consisted of the followi
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Table 7. Total production on plantV
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vineyard, several methods were used
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Table 4. Structure and number and r
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gets serious role through the ferme
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Table 3. Element content of the ber
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Figure 4. The length of internodes
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The process of fruit forming was de
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Compomist F1 hybrid reaches value o
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Figure 2. Experimental results repr
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and total number of tubers per plan
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and quality of organic potatoes for
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Petri dishes, the pathogenic fungi
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Variant 4R 2 11.0 4.0 15.0 7.0 22.0
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Analyzing the dynamics of the total
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Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
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Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Table 8. The Influence of irrigatio
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Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
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Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
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CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
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observations were made on phenologi
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Figure 1. Flowering period and blac
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content, A-acidity content) to the
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sugar accumulated in grapes and 1,0
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Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
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Appearance of the apricots after 5
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where: P F represent the coordinate
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Table 2. The production obtained at
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As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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,,The restoration is the methodolog
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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
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Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
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experiment because it shows and ill
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among all the administrations, exce
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solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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As shown in the figure, Chrysal is
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MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
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conclude the presented case, with k
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Also, comparative studies, concerni
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done before. Also the speed of the
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as Marcellus theatre or Trajan foru
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ian regime, by huge contradictions
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Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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“ordinary” buildings as the gen
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- The Writer’s Rotunda“The cons
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Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
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Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
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REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
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Figure 5. Average growth rate of
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In 2012 there were higher onset tem
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fact that root injuries is the majo
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We recommend that the species and c
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Page 387 and 388: REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
Page 389 and 390: Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
Page 391 and 392: CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
Page 394 and 395: Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
Page 396 and 397: etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
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Page 401 and 402: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
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Page 409 and 410: Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
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Page 418 and 419: Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
Page 420 and 421: Table 2. Example of sampling proced
Page 422 and 423: should be 5 kg.” According to thi
Page 426 and 427: One of the first and simplest condi
Page 428 and 429: of RIN transcription factor in ethy
Page 432 and 433: oriented towards the centre of the
Page 436 and 437: Related to the process of the evolu
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Page 442 and 443: Imposition of the pot is done every
Page 444 and 445: Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
Page 448 and 449: Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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