Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture. Vol. LVII, 2013Print ISSN 2285-5653, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5661, Online ISSN 2286-1580, ISSN-L 2285-5653AbstractWINTERING RESISTANCE OF ORNAMENTAL WOODY PLANTSIN CONTAINERIZED CULTUREIon ROCABotanical Garden (Institute) Academy of Sciences of Moldova,18 Padurii Street, MD 2002, Chisinau, Republic of MoldovaCorresponding author email: roscasilva@yahoo.comThe target of the experience consists in establishing the level critical temperatures and the mode preservation duringcold period of the year for the species and cultivars of conifers in containerized culture. Because of at the plants arefortified in container conditions, frequently occurs the phenomenon of spiraling root system, standing at the peripheryof the substrate, endangered by frost and, proceeding from the need of protection during the winter, we suggest thefollowing objectives: * the comparative comportment of the species and cultivars during the cold season, depending onthe way of storage; * the species and cultivars resistance at low temperatures, depending on the ecologicalrequirements of plants. For containerized culture of ornamental species and cultivars were established followingconservation cold season: V 1 – protected plants displayed in greenhouse; V 2 – protected plants and exposed outdoorbut covered with protective acrylic cloth; V 3 – plants unprotected and exposed outdoors throughout the cold period. Asa result of the study it was found that the species and cultivars of conifers remarked the highest coefficient – 100%resistance at low temperatures, where all three variants of wintering (V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ), at the end of the cold period the plantswere started in vegetation and there were no damages caused by the frost.Key words: resistance wintering, containerized culture, preservation variants and cultivars.INTRODUCTIONRoots of the plants in the open field areprotected from the soil mass and penetratesdeeper, thus preserving it from the excess ofhigh and reduced temperatures. At the fall offrost, the temperature sometimes decreasesmore than a few degrees below the criticalpoint, except the portion from the soil surface.Different behaviors have the plants roots incontainerized culture from the temperate andsub temperate zone, where the freezing point isnot lethal, comparatively with the temperatecontinentalclimate in the Republic of Moldova.In temperate zone, the aerial part of themajority of species possesses the ability ofincreasing their resistance to wintering, fromthe moment of reducing the duration of the dayand the decreasing of fall temperatures. On thecontrary, the containerized plant roots in localconditions have a reduced capacity forresistance to wintering or even are missing. Atthe plants grown in the cylindrical shapecontainers is often the phenomenon of spiralingof the roots, so the young roots are much more377vulnerable to the injuries caused by the lowtemperatures. In that case, the containerthickness of the wall performs the duties of theprotector of roots to lethal temperatures. If thetemperatures, fall below the critical point forsome time, the roots, coming in contact withthe interior surface of the container, freezes. Insuch cases, the roots regenerate from theremaining who survived inside the culturesubstrate and from the base of the plant.Therefore, if the temperature persists at orbelow the lethal point then the temperature ofthe culture substratum integral mass alsoreaches the lethal temperatures, thuscompletely destroying the root system. Thedegree of deterioration of the root system isdifficult to determine until start the vegetationseason and only when takes place thedesiccation we can establish the full effect ofthe damage state (Rosca, 2003). From atechnological point of view is recommendedthe transferring of suspicious moderatelyaffected plants in greenhouses heated (Gouin,1973; Rosca, 2003). More authors attest the
fact that root injuries is the major factor whichlimits the containerized culture in the northerncountries and was established that Taxus xmedia 'Hatfieldi' young white roots freezes atthe temperature of – 3°C, those secondary redmaroonat – 7°C and the mature stem from thebase does not freeze until – 19 o C (Mityga et al.,1971; Rosca, 2009).MATERIALS AND METHODSFor containerized culture of ornamentalconiferous species and cultivars such as: Abiesconcolor Lindl. et Gord., Abies nordmanniana(Stev.) Spach., Juniperus communis 'Meyer',Picea glauca 'Conica', Picea pungens f. glauca(Reg.) Beissn, Taxus baccata L., Taxus xmedia 'Hatfieldii', Taxus x media 'Wojtec',Thuja occidentalis 'Danica', Thuja occidentalis'Fastigiata', Thuja occidentalis 'Holmstrup',Thuja occidentalis 'Smaragd', Thuja orientalis'Aurea Nana' following variants of preservationfor the cold period of year have beenestablished: V 1 – protected plants displayed ingreenhouse; V 2 – protected plants and exposedoutdoor but covered with protective acryliccloth; V 3 –unprotected plants and exposedoutdoors throughout the cold period. In theexperience were involved by 20 units / cultivarfor each variant of preservation and was carriedout between 1.XI.2007-15.IV.2008. Meteorologicaldata on the period XI.2007-IV.2008were registered in Chisinau and taken fromState Hydrometeorological Service (Table 1).Juniperuscommuni 20 20 20 20 20 20s 'Meyer'.Piceaglauca 20 20 20 20 20 20'Conica'Piceapungensf. glauca 20 20 20 20 20 20(Reg.)Beissn.Taxusbaccata 20 20 20 20 20 20L.Taxusx media.20'Hatfieldii20 20 20 20 20'Taxusx media 20 20 20 20 20 20'Wojtec'Thujaoccidenta20lis20 20 20 20 20'Danica'Thujaoccidentalis 20 20 20 20 20 20'Fastigiata'Thujaoccidentalis 20 20 20 20 20 20'Holmstrup'Thujaoccidenta20lis20 20 20 20 20'Smaragd'Thujaorientalis20'Aurea20 20 20 20 20Nana'SpeciesandcultivarsAbiesconcolorLindl. etGord.Table 1. Containerized plant resistance at lowtemperatures.Number of plants exposedon 15.11.07.,unitst o = +11 o C;-4,9 o CNumber of plantspreserved on15.04.08.,unitsWintering variantsgreenho protec unprote greenho protec unproteuses ted cted uses ted cted20 20 20 20 20 20Abiesnordmanniana(Stev.)Spach.20 20 20 20 20 20RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSThe plants experimented concerning theresistance to low temperatures, depending onthe three types of wintering it consists ofspecies and cultivars of conifers. The obtainedresults on wintering containerized conifer yieldare shown in Figures 1-5, Table 1.On the basis of investigations regarding thebehavior of species and cultivars under theconditions of containerized culture, theirresistance to low temperatures, depending onthe mode of conservation, we obtained thefollowing results:378
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SCIENTIFIC PAPERSSERIES B. HORTICUL
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
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Fructification - Florin Constantin
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Phenological Studies on Some Variet
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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processes become even slower and th
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- usingselectedbacteriafromm Leucon
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To organoleptic analysis of the win
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works were pickling the cucumbers i
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days after removal of weeds by burn
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it appears that the culture has gro
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Maintainance of the genetic structu
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Table 3. Interaction variety of dwa
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Experimental scheme is situated in
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improvement especially laboratory s
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Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifac
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Neamtu G., Gheorghe Campeanu, Carme
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Experience consisted of the followi
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Table 7. Total production on plantV
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vineyard, several methods were used
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Table 4. Structure and number and r
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gets serious role through the ferme
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Table 3. Element content of the ber
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Figure 4. The length of internodes
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The process of fruit forming was de
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Compomist F1 hybrid reaches value o
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Figure 2. Experimental results repr
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and total number of tubers per plan
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and quality of organic potatoes for
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Petri dishes, the pathogenic fungi
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Variant 4R 2 11.0 4.0 15.0 7.0 22.0
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Analyzing the dynamics of the total
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Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
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Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Table 8. The Influence of irrigatio
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Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
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Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
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CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
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observations were made on phenologi
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Figure 1. Flowering period and blac
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content, A-acidity content) to the
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sugar accumulated in grapes and 1,0
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Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
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Appearance of the apricots after 5
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where: P F represent the coordinate
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Table 2. The production obtained at
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As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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Page 329 and 330: MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
Page 331 and 332: Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
Page 334 and 335: Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
Page 336 and 337: experiment because it shows and ill
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Page 341 and 342: solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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Page 348 and 349: MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
Page 350: conclude the presented case, with k
Page 353 and 354: Also, comparative studies, concerni
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Page 361 and 362: Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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Page 367 and 368: Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
Page 369 and 370: Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
Page 371 and 372: REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
Page 373 and 374: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
Page 375 and 376: Figure 5. Average growth rate of
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Page 385 and 386: AESTHETICALLEVEL OFAPPROACHLEVEL OF
Page 387 and 388: REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
Page 389 and 390: Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
Page 391 and 392: CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
Page 396 and 397: etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
Page 398: CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that 2
Page 401 and 402: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
Page 403 and 404: according to quality class.The calc
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Page 409 and 410: Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
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Page 418 and 419: Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
Page 420 and 421: Table 2. Example of sampling proced
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of RIN transcription factor in ethy
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oriented towards the centre of the
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Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the c
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Related to the process of the evolu
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efore it is printed using the main
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Imposition of the pot is done every
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Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
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Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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