Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture. Vol. LVII, 2013Print ISSN 2285-5653, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5661, Online ISSN 2286-1580, ISSN-L 2285-5653RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE RESISTANCE FROST OF THE TABLEGRAPE VARIETIES GROWN IN STEFANESTI-ARGES VINEYARDAbstractAdriana COSTESCU 1 , Liviu DEJEU 1 , Camelia POPA 21 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest,59 Marasti, District 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania2 National Research & Development Institute for Biotechnology in Horticulture Stefanesti,Sos. Bucuresti - Pitesti, no. 37, CP 117715 , Stefanesti, RomaniaCorresponding author email: cosadriana@yahoo.comIn order to achieve this paper we have studied the freezing resistance and the effect of low temperatures over theviability of the winter shoots at certain grapevine varieties for the tablegrapes cultivated in the vineyard Stefanesti-Arges. The research concerned the varieties: Argessis, Golden of Stefanesti, Moldova, Augusta, Canner and clones:Muscat Adda 22 St., Perlette 10 St., grafted on Kober 5BB rootstock. The research took place in the period 2010-2012.As a result of the study, we have noticed the sensitivity of Perlette and Augusta varieties at the low temperatures of thewinter. We have presented data concerning the determining procedure of the percentage of viable shoots.Key words: table grapes, fertility, productivity, resistance.INTRODUCTIONThe experiment was conducted in 2010-2012,in the collection of INCDBH Stefanestiampelographic - Arges. The study was made ofgrape varieties and clones obtained andcultivated vineyard table Stefanesti. Vineyardarea is characterized by the followingecoclimatic elements Stefanesti: length of thegrowing season for grape-vines, on average177-178 days; The annual average temperature9.8-10.1ºC, global heat balance of vegetationperiod 3530ºC, 1350ºC useful heat balance;average temperatures of the warmest months(July, August 34,7ºC and 34,9ºC) insolationduration of vegetation period on average 1430hours; real heliothermic index of 1.86 duringthe growing season. Therefore fits well studiedvarieties in demand environmental and showedgood behavior even at lower temperatures.The soil is loamy collection is located, theaverage supply of phosphorus, potassium andslightly carbonated, with a slightly acid pH (6.2to 6.4). Rootstock used for grafting thesevarieties was Kober 5BB, planting distancebetween rows of 2.5 m and 1 m row betweenplants, resulting in a total of 4,000 vines / ha.As regards the geographical location, theStefanesti vineyard is located between 44°42’and 44°55’ northern latitude, at the southernlimit of the platform Candesti, in the contact37zone with Campia Romana. The viticulturalplantations are located at altitudes between 200and 415m, the maximal altitudes being theIzvorani Hill (415m) and the Pietroasa Hill(325m).MATERIALS AND METHODSIn the wine-growing practice on one hand andthe grapevine varieties amelioration operationson the other hand, it has been observed that, theheredity of the characters and features of newvarieties obtained by sexual hybridization aremore obvious, as the genitors are geneticallyfurther and have distant origins. In thecharacters of the first variety prevails.Following the manifestation and the degree ofhereditary variability for one or morecharacters, in the wine-growing practice, theresearch analyzes a series of charactersincluding: the growing force, the number ofgrapes on a grapevine, the production pergrapevine, the sugar quantity, the acidity of thegrape must, various maturation age, theresistance to diseases and pests, the resistanceto drought and frost, etc.In the present paper there have been tested fourvarieties of table grapes with differentmaturation ages under the aspect of theirresistance to the low temperatures in the years2010-2012.