Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture. Vol. LVII, 2013Print ISSN 2285-5653, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5661, Online ISSN 2286-1580, ISSN-L 2285-5653AbstractTHE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORSON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF THE PEPPERSimona Elena DIMACHE (BOBOC), Nicolae ATANASIU, Gheorghe CÂMPEANU,Gabriela NEA, Claudiu BOBOCUniversity of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest,59 Marasti Blvd, District 1, 011464, Bucharest, RomaniaCorresponding author email: simonaelena.dimache@yahoo.comThe pepper, highly nutritious vegetable species is sensitive to alterations of the vegetation factors that may influenceboth commercial fruit quality and their content in carbohydrates, vitamin C and other biochemical components. Fullpaper shows the modifications and / or production dynamics and its quality in some cultivars of pepper in field cropsfrom two dedicated areas: vegetable basin Silistraru (Braila) and Vidra (Berceni) Ilfov county, within some experiencesregarding the allocated space for plants, their nutrition regimes and harvesting time. The researches were carried outwithin doctoral thesis in POSDRU/107/1.5/S/76888.Key words: Commercial quality, cultivars, field peppers, food quality.INTRODUCTIONPepper is cultivated for its fruits, which havemany uses in human nutrition, such fresh, andprepared or preserved (Stan et al., 2003).Pepper fruits have a particular importance,considering the fact that you can eat fresh, assuch, vitamins being fully utilized by the body(Ceausescu et al., 1984).Pepper is considered a concentrate of vitaminseasily assimilated by the human body. Amongthe vitamins, vitamin C comes first. From somestudies conclude that mature pepper contains 4-6 times more vitamin C than lemon juice ororange juice (Ceausescu et al., 1984).Pepper has twice as much vitamin C thanlemon and twice as much vitamin A (630 IU)than butter (Dumitrescu et al., 1998).Undertaken research purpose: to establish how,fruit maturity evolution technique at physiologicalmaturity influence the commercialquality and food importance of pepper fruitsgrown in the field.MATERIALS AND METHODSTo achieve this experience were studiedvariants shown in Table 1.Table 1. Experimental variants. Peppers for fresh consumption,vegetable basins Silistraru Braila and Berceni Ilfov – 2012Var.no. Area of culture (A) Var.no. Time of harvest (maturity) (C)1(mt1)Technical maturity (c1)Bianca F1 (b1)2 SilistraruPhysiological maturity (c2)3BrailaTechnical maturity (c1)Atris F1 (b2)4 SilistraruPhysiological maturity (c2)5BrailaTechnical maturity (c1)California Wonder F1 (b3)6 Physiological maturity (c2)7(mt2)8Bianca F1 (b1)Technical maturity (c1)Physiological maturity (c2)910BerceniIlfovAtris F1 (b2)Technical maturity (c1)Physiological maturity (c2)1112California Wonder F1 (b3) Technical maturity (c1)Physiological maturity (c2)41
Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifactorialexperience with 12 variants, with the followinggraduations.Experimental factor A - Areal has two graduations:a1 - Silistraru vegetable basin Braila a2 -Ilfov Berceni vegetable basin Experimental factorB - Cultivar, has three graduations: b1 - BiancaF1 b2 - Atris F1 b3 - California Wonder F1Experimental factor C - Time of harvest hastwo graduations: c1 - technical maturity of fruitc2 - physiological maturity of the fruit.The biological material used in experience iscomposed of three cultivars.Bianca F1, a pepper grown successfully inRomania, very early with good capacityfructification, large fruits white-yellow color.Atris F1 early hybrid and highly productive,ripening from green to red. Long fruit withthick pulp is suitable for growing in the fieldand/or solarium. Good taste is juicy at technicalmaturity and also at its physiological.California Wonder F1 hybrid with undeterminedgrowth and long cycle of culture. Beforematurity fruits have green color and atphysiological maturity red color, the pericarpthick and juicy.Specific technology applied to experienceincluded the following groups of works andtechnical parameters (Atanasiu N., 2005).Works in autumn - abolishing pre-culture, basicfertilization with superphosphate simple 3 kgper 100 m 2 (300 kg/ha) deep autumn plowingwith incorporation of crop residues andsuperphosphate.Foundation work, care and harvesting of crops:Experience planting on 15 May 2012, byplanting seedlings rarely without transplanters,produced in solarium with nutrient mixturelayer placed on fresh manure aged 60 days to70 cm between rows and 20 cm between plantsin the row, providing density 71 400 plants/ha(Neata G., 2002).Care of the most important works we mentionintegrated weed combat by herbicides combinedwith hoeing treatments to prevent/combatdiseases and pests and crop specific area(Cristea S. and Neata G., 2004).Fertilization was performed using solublecomplex fertilizers Universol type, with highercontent in nitrogen (blue Universol) until thefirst fruits and higher potassium content(Universol purple) during fructification(Neamtu G. et al.).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSInto experience were made observations andmeasurements, after which they were establishedthe following results.Table 2. The average weight of fruits (g). Silistraru Braila, Ilfov Berceni, 2012CultivarTechnical maturityGrams of fruitDifferencesBianca F1 149,4 X +Atris F1 153,7 + +California Wonder F1 168,4 + +Bianca F1 141,2 - XAtris F1 136,2 - -California Wonder F1 149,5 - -The average fruit weight varied for analysiscarried out from 153.7 g registered at the AtrisF1 cultivars, up to the value of 168.4 g atCalifornia Wonder F1 witness against BiancaF1 149.4 g.The differences are small and without statisticalcoverage.Table 3. The dry matter content. Silistraru Braila, Berceni Ilfov, 2012Technical maturityPhysiological maturityCutivarSilistraru Berceni Silistraru BerceniBianca F1 4.50% 4.35% 4.65% 4.47%Atris F1 5.30% 5.15% 5.45% 5.32%California Wonder F1 3.80% 3.65% 3.95% 3.77%42
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Page 5 and 6: SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
Page 7: Fructification - Florin Constantin
Page 10: Phenological Studies on Some Variet
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Page 17 and 18: Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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Page 23 and 24: To organoleptic analysis of the win
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Page 30 and 31: days after removal of weeds by burn
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Page 35 and 36: Maintainance of the genetic structu
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Page 47 and 48: Experience consisted of the followi
Page 49 and 50: Table 7. Total production on plantV
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Page 64 and 65: Figure 4. The length of internodes
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Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Table 8. The Influence of irrigatio
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Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
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Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
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CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
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observations were made on phenologi
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Figure 1. Flowering period and blac
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content, A-acidity content) to the
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sugar accumulated in grapes and 1,0
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Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
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Appearance of the apricots after 5
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where: P F represent the coordinate
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Table 2. The production obtained at
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As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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,,The restoration is the methodolog
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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
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Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
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experiment because it shows and ill
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among all the administrations, exce
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solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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As shown in the figure, Chrysal is
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MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
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conclude the presented case, with k
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Also, comparative studies, concerni
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done before. Also the speed of the
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as Marcellus theatre or Trajan foru
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ian regime, by huge contradictions
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Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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“ordinary” buildings as the gen
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- The Writer’s Rotunda“The cons
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Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
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Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
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REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
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Figure 5. Average growth rate of
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In 2012 there were higher onset tem
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fact that root injuries is the majo
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We recommend that the species and c
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and parameters of quality. The phys
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AESTHETICALLEVEL OFAPPROACHLEVEL OF
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REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
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Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
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CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
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etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
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CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that 2
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
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according to quality class.The calc
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third party countries who wish to b
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Stakeholder comments concerned nota
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Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
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identified to facilitate its tracea
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- Analysis reports;This document ma
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Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
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Table 2. Example of sampling proced
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should be 5 kg.” According to thi
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One of the first and simplest condi
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of RIN transcription factor in ethy
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oriented towards the centre of the
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Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the c
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Related to the process of the evolu
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efore it is printed using the main
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Imposition of the pot is done every
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Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
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Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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