Scientific Papers Series B Horticulture

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The effect of the low temperature, that of slowingdown the metabolism, adds up to that ofthe carbon dioxide, which has a larger concentrationin the case of storage in a modified atmosphere.During this type of storage the contentof dry soluble substance does not increasevery much as compared to the initial moment(11.09%) and, at the same time, the content ofsoluble carbohydrates and titratable acidityinsignificantly drops (7.59% and 0.71%,respectively).4. Quantitative and qualitative lossesThe losses recorded during warm storage(ambient temperature) for 5 days are presentedin Table 4.Table 4. Losses recorded during warm storage of thenectarinesLosses-%Varianttotal weight depreciationV1 45.71 14.97 30.74V2 36.89 13,32 23.57V3 43.13 13.63 29.50V4 31.79 14.36 17,43Average per cultivar 39.38 14.07 25.31It was noticed that the total losses are significantin all 4 variants of fertilisation and theyare caused by weight losses and especially bydepreciation. The following total losses wererecorded: 45.71% at the V1 variant, 36.89% atthe V2 variant, 43.13% at the V3 variant and31.79% at the V4 variant. The average values ofthese indicators per cultivar are: 39.38% totallosses, 14.07% weight losses and 25.31% alterationlosses. The V4 variant recorded the smallestamount of losses, followed by the V2 variant.The causes which determine the high percentagesof losses by alteration are the late infectionscaused by the Monilinia laxa and the M.fructigena fungi, which occur before harvestingand the attacks of the Rhizopus stolonifer andBotrytis cinerea, which occur during harvestingand manipulation.By using the cold storage method (Table 5) thedeveloping of these fungi and moulds is sloweddown, so that the total losses were greatlyreduced at all fertilisation variants. The valueswere the following: 34.28% at the V1 variant,10.17% at the V2 variant, 22.06% at the V3variant and 5.67% at the V4 variant, the averageper cultivar being of 18.04% total losses.17Table 5. Losses recorded during cold storage of thenectarinesLosses-%Varianttotal weight depreciationV1 34.28 1.50 32.78V2 10.17 1.30 8.87V3 22.06 1.43 20.63V4 5.67 1.33 4.34Average per cultivar 18.04 1.39 16.65It is obvious that, similar to warm storage, theV4 variant records the smallest losses (5.67%),followed by the V2 variant (10.17%).Using the AM storage method led to a greatdecrease in both the weight and the depreciationlosses, the values of the total losses percultivar being of 6.46%, meaning 12.17% at theV1 variant, 6.47% at the V2 variant, 6.99% atthe V3 variant and only 0.23% at the V4variant.Table 6. Losses recorded during AM storage of thenectarinesLosses-%Varianttotal weight depreciationV1 12.17 0.31 11.86V2 6.47 0.33 6.14V3 6.99 0.31 6.68V4 0.23 0.23 -Average per cultivar 6.46 0.29 6.17There were no depreciation losses at the V4variant and the weight losses were very small(0.23%) in comparison to the other storagevariants.CONCLUSIONSThe different fertilization of the trees isreflected in the degree of firmness of the fruit atharvest, but not in their evolution duringstorage. The greatest firmness at harvest isrecorded by the fruits which were chemicallyfertilized at soil + foliar (68.79 PU). Theevolution of the firmness during storage isespecially influenced by the storage conditions.Through warm storage the nectarines easilylose their firmness because of their rapidripening. In the case of cold storage theintensity of the ripening process is decreased sothat the fruit maintain their structural andtextural firmness for a longer period of time (25days). By enriching the atmosphere within thestorage space in carbon dioxide the metabolic
processes become even slower and the firmnessof the fruit is maintained for a longer period oftime (30 days).The organoleptic quality of the Delta cultivarnectarines is better appreciated (89.95 points)at harvest, the fruit having a yellow, juicy pulp,with a balanced, sour-sweet taste. Duringstorage the quality decreases faster than it doesat other studied cultivars (Cora), so that it isindicated that the valorization process becarried out faster because the storage capacityof this cultivar is lower.The fertilization of the nectarine tree culturewith the Murtonik foliar fertilizer (20:20:20 +microelements: Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, B-chelation)resulted in the enriching of the fruit in drysoluble substance (11.24%) and solublecarbohydrates (8.32%). Moreover, the usage oforganic fertilisers led to the obtaining ofnectarines with a high content of thesebiochemical compounds (11.10% and 8.57%,respectively). During storage the content of drysoluble substance increased, while that ofsoluble carbohydrates and malic aciddecreased, the intensity varying according tothe temperature and the gaseous composition ofthe air in the storage place. The AM storagerecorded the best results regarding the slowingdown of the rhythm of the metabolic processes.The quantitative and qualitative losses recordedduring the storage of the nectarines are greatlyinfluenced by the fertilising regime applied tothe culture. In the case of supplementing thechemical fertilization of the soil with theMurtonik foliar fertiliser the weight losses andespecially those caused by attacks fromdiseases were substantially smaller ascompared to those recorded in the case of thecontrol. From this point of view, good resultswere also obtained in the case of fertilising theculture with organic fertilizers, which containminerals which enhance the quality of the fruitand their resistance to diseases during storage.The maintaining of the nectarines’ qualityduring valorization is also influenced by theenvironmental conditions ensured during thisprocess and especially by the temperature. Buusing the cold method the metabolic processesand the developing of fungi and moulds aregreatly slowed down, so that the losses weresignificantly reduced at all variants of fertilization.The average reduction per cultivar was of54.19% in the case of total losses, 90.12% inthe case of quantitative losses and 34.21% inthe case of depreciation losses. Using the AMstorage method led to an important decrease inboth weight losses (97.93%) as well as indepreciation losses (75.62%).REFERENCESAlexe Constanta, M. Vintila, Veronica Tanasa, Liana-Melania Dumitru, Gh. Lamureanu, 2010. Influence offertilization system on the quality maintaining ofpeach fruits in different storage conditions. Scientificpapers, UASVM Iasi – Horticulture Series, Vol.53, p.305-311.Alexe Constanta, M. Vintila, Simona Popescu, Liana –Melania Dumitru, Gh. Lamuranu, Lenuta Chira,2012. Researches on the influence of technologicalproduction and valorization factors on thecommercial quality of Cardinal peaches cultivar.Scientific papers. Series B. Horticulture. UASVMBucharst, Vol. LVI, p. 13-19.Braniste N., S. Budan S., Butac Madalina, MilitaruMadalina, 2007. Tree, fruit growing shrubs andstrawberries cultivars created in Romania. Ed.Paralela 45, Pitesti p. 310.Dumitru Liana-Melania, Gavat Corina, Lamureanu Gh.,2011.New Romanian nectarine and brugnone cultivars.Scientific papers. Series B. Horticulture.UASVM Bucharest, Vol. LV, p. 374-375.Gherghi A., Millim K., Tasca Gh., 1977. Metods formaintain quality and reduce losses during storage offruits and vegetables. Scientific papers ICVLF, volVIII, Bucuresti, p. 27-31.Ion V., 2004. Biological agriculture. Alma MaterPublishing House, Bucuresti, p. 76-89Ionita G., 2012. Bolile fiziologice se previn cu ingrasamintefoliare. Gradina, via si livada. Horti, nr 3, p. 35.Jamba A., Carabulea B., 2002. Technology of preservationand industrialization horticultural products,Cartea Moldovei, Publishing House, Chisinau, p.308-317.Lamurenu Gh., Caplan I., Moale Cristina, Oprita V.A.,Alexe Constanta, 2012. The evolution of the growthand fructification stages of the clingstones in theconditions of south-eastern Romania, Journal ofHorticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology. Vol 16 (1),Banat University of Agricultural Sciences andVeterinary Medicine Timisoara, Ed. AGROPRINTTimisoara, p. 192-197.Salunke D.K., 1974. Storage, processing and nutritionalquality of fruits and vegetables. CR Press, Utah.18
Page 2: SCIENTIFIC PAPERSSERIES B. HORTICUL
Page 5 and 6: SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Bekir Erol AK
Page 7: Fructification - Florin Constantin
Page 10: Phenological Studies on Some Variet
Page 14: Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
Page 17: Table 2. The organoleptic appreciat
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Page 23 and 24: To organoleptic analysis of the win
Page 25 and 26: works were pickling the cucumbers i
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Page 30 and 31: days after removal of weeds by burn
Page 32: it appears that the culture has gro
Page 35 and 36: Maintainance of the genetic structu
Page 37 and 38: Table 3. Interaction variety of dwa
Page 39 and 40: Experimental scheme is situated in
Page 41 and 42: improvement especially laboratory s
Page 43 and 44: Table 1 shows the type 2x3x2 trifac
Page 45 and 46: Neamtu G., Gheorghe Campeanu, Carme
Page 47 and 48: Experience consisted of the followi
Page 49 and 50: Table 7. Total production on plantV
Page 51 and 52: vineyard, several methods were used
Page 53 and 54: Table 4. Structure and number and r
Page 58 and 59: gets serious role through the ferme
Page 60 and 61: Table 3. Element content of the ber
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4. The length of internodes
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The process of fruit forming was de
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Scientific Papers. Series B, Hortic
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Compomist F1 hybrid reaches value o
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Figure 2. Experimental results repr
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and total number of tubers per plan
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and quality of organic potatoes for
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Petri dishes, the pathogenic fungi
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Variant 4R 2 11.0 4.0 15.0 7.0 22.0
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Analyzing the dynamics of the total
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Table 2. Indicative data on volumes
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Table 3. The Influence of the level
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Table 8. The Influence of irrigatio
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Figure 1. The aspect of apples from
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Conclusions on changes in chemicalc
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSRaspberry is
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CONCLUSIONSAs a result of scientifi
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observations were made on phenologi
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Figure 1. Flowering period and blac
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content, A-acidity content) to the
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sugar accumulated in grapes and 1,0
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Figure 2. DryerFigure 3. Programmer
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Appearance of the apricots after 5
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where: P F represent the coordinate
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Table 2. The production obtained at
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As shown in figures 5 and 6 the vit
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At two weeks from planting it was a
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If we take into account the both fa
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F1 - + infectedF2 - + infectedF3 +
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HORTICULTURALBIODIVERSITY ANDGENETI
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFruit charac
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The chorology maps of Artemisia alb
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Figure 5. Chorology of Artemisia le
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Molecular differentiation showed a
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The characterization of the grapevi
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Figure 4. Amino acid profile of the
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Table 4. The significance of differ
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The studied phenophases (table 1),
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REFERENCESCapusan Janina, 2013. Rez
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Neoaliturus fenestratus Herrich-Sch
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occurrence in western part of Roman
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Pop 3 = Population 3 obtained by cr
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well adapted in our country, and th
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Variations in acidity of the variet
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grape. Analele Universitatii din Cr
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Flow cytometry has proved to be an
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cell nuclei, using chromosome count
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Figure 1. Prekos F1Figure 4. Prekos
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Interpretation of the results conce
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Photo 1- Redhaven (Control)The Roma
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Dry matter (determinate refractomet
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was evaluated by using a large-size
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During the growing season have been
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Likewise, vitamin C content of ‘G
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Figure 2. Air temperature (°C) in
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REFERENCESAnconelli S., Antolini G.
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Taking into the account these and t
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postharvest decays in fruits and ve
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manure semifermentated. In vegetati
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Figure 1. Prima Cl. 1022 varietyThe
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temperature required for a differen
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MATERIALS AND METHODSTo accomplish
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climate (IH4), becomes for this yea
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quantities of sugar accumulated in
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ibosomal to investigate 13 species
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Biogeography of Genus MangiferaTwo
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productionand uses. Center for trop
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analysis of variance to express the
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highlighted by a correlation coeffi
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without heat and in open field. Cro
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ut the fruit had a reduced number o
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Genetic autochthonous heritage wasi
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Table 1. The main characteristics o
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Data were subjected to statistical
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Also, the dry biomass and root leng
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“Clapp’s Favorite” in 2011 wh
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2012 the order was “Conference”
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microspore to mature pollen, determ
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microspores at certain date. Micros
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viin utilizate ca genitori potentia
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The objective of this paper, is to
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Table 1. Relationship between germi
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Figure 2. Tassels lengthIn case of
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ORNAMENTAL PLANTS,DESIGN ANDLANDSCA
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of Chisinau, also the old parks. Fo
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y cambium on the very center - meth
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flower is fully colored. Postharves
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Results from table 8 shows that Mar
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Pinus sylvestris ‘Gold Coin’, R
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Figure 4. Excelsa (H 18/1)Descripti
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Figure 1. Plants in cellular trays
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espectively 69%, followed by hybrid
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observations made on the plants of
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The values of pH diminished in all
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Figure 5. Content of total soluble
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Figure 1. Plan of Bran domain (Ion
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Carol the second, her brother, on h
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Figure 14. Tea house in the natural
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Cults, and in conformity with the c
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consult the scientific novelties an
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,,The restoration is the methodolog
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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe chorology
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Merce, 2011; Zamfirescu, 2010) (IAS
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experiment because it shows and ill
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among all the administrations, exce
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solution known as AKN. Content: pot
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As shown in the figure, Chrysal is
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MotivationsOfferprospectingCustomer
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conclude the presented case, with k
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Also, comparative studies, concerni
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done before. Also the speed of the
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as Marcellus theatre or Trajan foru
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ian regime, by huge contradictions
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Pyongyang, the hidden cityThe capit
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“ordinary” buildings as the gen
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- The Writer’s Rotunda“The cons
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Figure 4. Vegetation planRegarding
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Figure 9. BenchesVasesThere are 4 k
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REFERENCESPanoiu A., 2011, Evolutia
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSResults of t
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Figure 5. Average growth rate of
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In 2012 there were higher onset tem
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fact that root injuries is the majo
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We recommend that the species and c
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and parameters of quality. The phys
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AESTHETICALLEVEL OFAPPROACHLEVEL OF
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REFERENCESArchibugi F., 1997. The E
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Figure 1. Optimized version of comp
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CONCLUSIONSThe optimized version (F
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etween 182-212 g/l, the lowest valu
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CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that 2
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSFor this pur
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according to quality class.The calc
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third party countries who wish to b
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Stakeholder comments concerned nota
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Figure 2. The „Eco-leaf” logo o
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identified to facilitate its tracea
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- Analysis reports;This document ma
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Table 1. Sampling procedures applic
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Table 2. Example of sampling proced
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should be 5 kg.” According to thi
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One of the first and simplest condi
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of RIN transcription factor in ethy
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oriented towards the centre of the
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Figure 5. Macroscopic view of the c
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Related to the process of the evolu
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efore it is printed using the main
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Imposition of the pot is done every
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Figure 8. Test of Strength Vetiver
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Table 3 defines LSD test for genoty
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