Index of Paper Presentations for the Parallel Sessions - Academy of ...

RESULTSConsistent with prior research, scales items for the eight constructs used in this study are drawnand adapted from the literature in marketing, management, and psychology. The constructs are measuredusing multi-item scales anchored by 1 = ―Strongly Disagree‖ and 7 = ―Strongly Agree‖. Each set of itemsfor each scale was factor analyzed to ensure that a one-factor model fit the data, which they do. Also, theitems achieve reliability as measured by Cronbach‘s alpha (>.70). The scale reliabilities for the constructsare presented in Table 1, along with their means, standard deviation, and correlations.―Insert Table 1 about here‖Baron and Kenny‘s (1986) procedure for multiple and moderated regression analysis wasfollowed to test the hypotheses presented above. H 1 a) is supported as role ambiguity was found toinfluence both AC and NC negatively (st. β = -.27, ρ = .00 respectively st. β = -.21, ρ = .00). Similarly, theinfluence of role conflict on AC and NC was negative (st. β = -.20, ρ = .04 respectively st. β = -.20, ρ =.02), thus supporting H 1 b). H 2 a and b are rejected as neither role ambiguity nor role conflict has asignificant effect on CC (RA-CC, st. β = -.03, ρ = .69; RC-CC st. β = .08, ρ = .37;).This study found partial support for the supposition that managerial interventions work asmoderators of the relationships between role ambiguity/role conflict and AC/NC. Although empowermentmoderates the effect of role ambiguity on AC (∆R 2 = .02, ∆F = 4.08, ρ = .05, st. ß = -.14, ρ = .05) and NC(∆R 2 = .02, ∆F = 4.40, ρ = .04, st. ß = -.15, ρ = .04) but professional development does not (AC, ∆R 2 =.00, ∆F = .38, ρ = .54, st. ß = .04, ρ = .54 respectively NC, ∆R 2 = .00, ∆F = .38, ρ = .54, st. ß = .04, ρ =.54 ). Thus, the results only lends partial support to H 3 a) and H 4 a). The supported moderating effects ofempowerment on the role ambiguity – AC/NC relationships are illustrated in Figure 1 below.―Insert Figure 1 about here‖Similarly, H 3 b) and H 4 b) are partially supported as professional development moderates theeffect of role conflict on AC (∆R 2 = .01, ∆F = 3.32, ρ = .07, st. ß = .12, ρ = .07) and NC (∆R 2 = .02, ∆F =4.28, ρ = .04, st. ß = .14, ρ = .04), but empowerment does not (AC, ∆R 2 = .00, ∆F = .91, ρ = .54, st. ß =.07, ρ = .34 respectively NC, ∆R 2 = .00, ∆F = .37, ρ = .60, st. ß = -.04, ρ = .60). The supported moderating