Métodos Projetivos e Avaliação Psicológica - BVS Psicologia ...

112a standard deviation of over seven. The 18 to 27 range expands to something like 14 to 29.Exner’s more modern sample (2007) and the recent Brazilian sample (Nascimento, 2007) havestandard deviations approaching 6. This large range introduces too much error and uncertaintyin the interpretive process. In a long record the interpreter is unsure whether a high score, forexample with M, is due to the number of responses or the characteristics of the individual.These large standard deviations reported in the research result in a large proportion ofrecords having relatively few responses, which we can define as 17 or less (Meyer et al, 2007;Meyer et al, 2011; Viglione & Hilsenroth, 2001; Viglione & Meyer, 2008). Moreover, in theinternational data an R of 14 is the mode in the sample. Psychometrically, it is likely thatrecords with 17 or fewer responses are not very reliable. We have speculated that they lackenough data points to aggregate so as to gain an accurate picture of an individual (Meyer &Viglione, 2008). Also, there is a tail to the right of the distribution with a notable proportion ofrecords have more than 35 responses.The R‐PAS Solution to this problem of excessive variability in R is called the “R‐Optimized” method of Administration.” It includes two tactics to restrain the range of R toattempt to maximize the proportion the psychometrically optimal range of 18 to 27 responses.The first is an instruction included in the introduction to the test in which the examiner asks therespondent for “two, [pause] maybe three responses ” per card. The pause is included toemphasize two rather than three so as to encourage records with a total number of responsesin the lower twenties. Also, during the test itself, R‐PAS includes a “Prompt for two, Pull afterfour” procedure. When the subject gives only one response, the examiner prompts orencourages the respondent to give another. If four responses are given, the examiner politelyrequests that the card be returned and no more than four responses are scored per card. Also,with the first prompt and pull the examiner reminds the respondent of the instruction for “two,or maybe three responses.”We have conducted a number of studies that compare R‐PAS administration to CS(Reese, Viglione, Giromini, 2012; Viglione, Converse, Jordan, McCullaugh, Evans, MacDermott,Moore, & Meyer, in preparation). As anticipated, R‐Optimized administration greatly reducesthe proportion of short and long records and is producing means near 23 responses with