reynolds-the-quran-in-its-historical-context-2

206 Shawkat M Toorawa Hapaxes in the Qur'iin 207Another important consideration is whether to restrict the list to single lexemes7.1 Basic hapaxes in the Qur'an, listed alphabetically by rootor to include expressions. However desirable it might be to include thegamut of expressions available in the Qur'an, a practical and practicable listHapa.r:in Qur'iinic Rhyme Hapax in Cogrl. Stricttransliteration reference Arabic (MZ) Hapaxhapaxes will perforce have to confine itself to single lexical items as a starting.place, if nothing else. There are, however, several important related issues, such·.Hamza ~as what is to be done with constructions such as idha ntjjati 1-arr;lu rajja' abba" 'Abasa 80:31 § 41 X ./(al-Wiiqi'a [56] 4) or al-rifd al-marfiid at (Had [11] 99), where items within. ababil Fil105:3 § ~~I ./the expressions are cognate, but are otherwise (or together) a hapax; indeed, the·· abanq Waqi'a56:18 .. >.u41former is a result of a specific Arabic verbal construction, the cognate accusative· abaq $affii.t 37:140 ..;.I./(maf'iil muf[aq), that all but requires the use of a cognate noun together with the·· athl Saba' 34:16 Jl\verb. As for al-rifd al-marfiid, it mirrors the preceding line (al-wird al-mawriid), idda" Maryam 19:89 § i~) X ./again raising the question of the rhetorical motives behind the deployment al-irba Niir 24:31 '-!}JI X ./hapaxes in the Qur'an, especially in the rhyme position. Do we, then, admit ta'uzzu-hum Maryam 19:83 i"'JJiconstructions as hapaxes? I do in the lists below.azza" § ijlussisa!assasa (2) Tawba 9:108, ~IWith respect to items occurring in similar contexts, for the Qur' an at least,109(2)has to take stock of at least two types of repeats. The first are expressions as in Mul).ammad u-ul X ./appear in parallel verses, which I exclude from the list below, as Cohen 47:15Greenspahn would have it, but not Zelson, for \vhom an expression such as uswa • ashir Qamar 54:25, 26 § _;.:,\/:zasana (Q 33:21; 60:4 and 60:6) is worth noting because it is deployed in parallel • al-ashir _;.:,':IIcontexts; The second type of repeats is of words that occur more than once in a afala (2), afalat An'am 6:76,77, ulll 'J;lsingle context, such as rafath in al-Baqara (2) 187 and 197, which I have elected 78not to include.al-afiim 6:76 § c.).!l9':/1alatna-hum Tiir 52:21 e-Aliill X ./In the Qur'an many names of animals or foodstuffs or everyday items occur.:ill'" (2) Tawba 9:8, 10 ~I X ./only once, and it is justifiable to exclude them from a list of hap axes by virtueya'tali Niir24:22 J.>'\i Xthe fact that they are mentioned only because of the (quotidian) context, na'./amta" Ta-Ha 20:107 § \:;,..\ X ./"your [m.s.] shoes" (Tii-Hii [20] 12), for example. One would similarlyammin Ma'ida 5:2 LJ,JAl X ./al-bighal "donkeys" (al-Na/:1! [ 16] 8); ba 'iir;latan "gnat" (al-Baqara [2] 26), on theani fan Mul).ammad WI. ./other hand, is used metaphorically, and is thus unique, not only lexically but also. 47:16rhetorically, which argues for its inclusion on a list ofhapaxes. al-anam Ral;lman 55: 10 § ~u':/1 X ./The Qur'an also has a unique set of lexical terms, the fawiiti/:z al-suwar, or < aniya lnslin 76:15 ~l X ./so-called "mysterious letters," to be found at the beginning of some ya'iidu-hu Baqara 2:255 ·~.A!Although the meaning of these letters continues to elude scholars, the fact that··. a1-ayama Niir24:32