"^'iSi!^,i:t" ^MMm in the Uni.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 131
woods are incidentally mentioned as regards Sleswick and Holstein by
Friedel, Mal. Bl. xvii. p. 60.
Venus mereenaria, L., its acclimatization failed at Arcachon. Mobius,
Austern- u. Miesmuschelzucht, p. 11.
Paleeontology of Recent Species.
Some remarks on the shells found in diluvial beds near Potsdam
are given by E. FRIEDEL. Helix pulchella (Miill.) is the
only terrestrial species among them; amongst the others are
Paludina diluviana (Kunth), Valvata contorta (Menke), V.foraminis
(Braun) probably=macrostoma (Steenstrup), and Bithynia
tentaculata (L.). Neither he nor Dr. Reinhardt could find
Tichogonia [Dreissena] in the undisturbed beds, although a few
single shells of it are said by others to have been found there or
in other diluvial deposits; it is probable that these were recent,
and occurred accidentally on the surface of those beds. Nachr.
mal. Ges. ii. pp. 177-180.
Subfossil specimens of Helix nemoralis (L.), exhibiting a round perforation
like that caused in marine shells by Murex erinaceus, have been observed by
Colbeau, Ann. mal. Belg. iii. 1868, p. lxi.
Melanopsis dufourei (Fer.) has also been found in quaternary limestonetuff
in Tuscany, which proves that it has not been introduced of late years.
Appelius, Nachr. mal. Ges. ii. p. 45.
In the elevated prehistoric oyster-banks of the western shores of Sleswick
Ostrea edulis (L.) and Ostrea hippopus (Lam.) are to be found mingled
with each other in the same bank. Friedel, Mal. Bl. xvii. pp. 79, 80.
A rather large number of recent Mediterranean shells, found
in the pleistocene clay at Ficurazzi and in limestone at Montepulciano
in Italy, are enumerated by Allery de Monterosato,
Bull. mal. Ital. iii. pp. 44, 45. The shells of the pleistocene
clay at the base of Mount Etna are enumerated by A. Aradas
in his ' Conchiologia Etnea/ Att. Soc. Ital. xii. 1869.
Not only the quaternary and pliocene beds in Italy, but also
those undoubtedly older than the pliocene proper, contain species
of shells which do not live at present in the Mediterranean,
but in the Northern seas of Europe. G. Seguenza, Bull. mal.
Ital. iii. pp. 65-74.
Fourteen species of sea-shells from the recent deposits at the Bitter Lakes
near Suez are enumerated by P. Fischer, J. de Conch, xviii. p. 172 ; they all
belong to the recent fauna of the Red Sea, except Cardium edule (L.).
Apparent kitchen-middens, containing shells of recent species
of sea- and land-mollusks, have been found by F. Stobczka
on the Andaman Islands and described in J. A. S. B. 1870,
pp. 1-11.