Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

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systems. But peaceful coexistence and peaceful competitioncannot replace the revolutionary struggles of the people. Thevictory of the national revolution of all colonies and dependentcountries must be won primarily through the revolutionarystruggle of their own masses, which can never be replaced bythat of any other countries.The leaders of the CPSU hold that the victories of the nationalliberation revolution are not due primarily to the revolutionarystruggles of the masses, and that the people cannotemancipate themselves, but must wait for the natural collapseof imperialism through peaceful coexistence and peaceful competition.In fact, this is equivalent to telling the oppressed nationsto put up with imperialist plunder and enslavement forever, and not to rise up in resistance and revolution.The second prescription is labelled aid to backward countries.The leaders of the CPSU boast of the role played by theireconomic aid to the newly independent countries. ComradeKhrushchov has said that such aid can enable these countries“to avoid the danger of a new enslavement”, and that “it stimulatestheir progress and contributes to the normal developmentand even acceleration of those internal processes whichmay take these countries onto the highway leading to socialism”.1It is necessary and important for the socialist countries togive the newly independent countries economic aid on the basisof internationalism. But in no case can it be said that theirnational independence and social progress are due solely tothe economic aid they receive from the socialist countries andnot mainly to the revolutionary struggles of their own people.To speak plainly, the policy and the purpose of the leadersof the CPSU in their aid to newly independent countries inrecent years are open to suspicion. They often take an attitudeof great-power chauvinism and national egoism in mattersconcerning aid to newly independent countries, harm the eco-1N. S. Khrushchov, “Vital Questions of the Development of the SocialistWorld System”, World Marxist Review, No. 9, 1962.194
nomic and political interests of the receiving countries, and asa result discredit the socialist countries. As for their aid toIndia, here their ulterior motives are especially clear. Indiatops the list of newly independent countries to which the SovietUnion gives economic aid. This aid is obviously intendedto encourage the Nehru government in its policies directedagainst communism, against the people and against socialistcountries. Even the U.S. imperialists have stated that suchSoviet aid “is very much to our [U.S.] interest”. 1In addition, the leaders of the CPSU openly propose cooperationwith U.S. imperialism in “giving aid to the backwardcountries”. Khrushchov said in a speech in the United Statesin September 1959:Your and our economic successes will be hailed by thewhole world, which expects our two Great Powers to helpthe peoples who are centuries behind in their economic developmentto get on their feet more quickly.Look! The mainstay of modern colonialism [namely, U.S.imperialism] will help the oppressed nations “to get on theirfeet more quickly”! It is indeed astonishing that the leadersof the CPSU are not only willing but even proud to be thepartners of the neo-colonialists.The third prescription is labelled disarmament.Khrushchov has said:Disarmament means disarming the war forces, abolishingmilitarism, ruling out armed interference in the internal affairsof any country, and doing away completely and finallywith all forms of colonialism. 2He has also said:Disarmament would create proper conditions for a tremendousincrease in the scale of assistance to the newly1W. A. Harriman, Radio and Television Interview, December 9, 1962.2N. S. Khrushchov, Speech at the World Congress for General Disarmamentand Peace, July 10, 1962.195
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From Marx to MaoML© Digital Reprin
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C O N T E N T SA PROPOSAL CONCERNIN
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DISTORTION OF THE LENINIST VIEW OF
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ANTAGONISTIC CLASSES AND CLASS STRU
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The Central Committee of the Commun
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to accept the fact that the people
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If one avoids a concrete class anal
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without wars”, a new world of “
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Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, the Sovi
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ple astray. The events of the last
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They are in fact protecting the int
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eactionary tendencies to compromise
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Social democracy is a bourgeois ide
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military apparatus — the primary
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The proletarian party must be flexi
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The superiority of the socialist sy
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Leninist ever has held or ever will
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Such is the Leninist policy. Any po
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pursued the policy of peaceful coex
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to develop relations of friendship,
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Between capitalist and communist so
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struggles no longer exist? How can
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dictatorship of the proletariat and
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mutual support and mutual assistanc
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If it is accepted that there are no
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The series of distressing developme
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U.S. imperialism and its NATO partn
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There must be a revolutionary party
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1963, the speech of the head of the
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questions calling for attention and
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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTOF THE DI
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not imperialism is to be opposed, a
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particular, the complete negation o
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Congress that Khrushchov, in his re
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It is impossible for the leadership
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the dictatorship of the proletariat
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other enemies of communism, with ex
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tween the Soviet Union and Other So
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the leadership of the CPSU. We expr
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thesis that the seizure of politica
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Completely disregarding the revolut
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maligned China as warlike, guilty o
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socialist countries alone. We made
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“There are differences between us
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that the leadership of the CPSU wou
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It is true that, both before and du
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such a formulation about the 20th C
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hours later, violating what the fra
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The Programme crudely revises the e
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and to replace the Declaration and
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This is indeed an astounding event,
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views in the talks, put forward its
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anti-revolutionary line, between th
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CPSU leaders went farther and farth
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of the people throughout the world
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is seizing state power, to overthro
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ealized by using the old state mach
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2. The Communist Party of China has
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4. If the relations between our two
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full consultations and unhurried di
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HE question of Stalin is one of wor
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But no one can deny the internation
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from reality and from the masses. I
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created by the October Revolution;
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the great CPSU and the great Soviet
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Stalin. The leaders of the CPSU hav
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The Yakyirs, Balyitskys, Lyubehenky
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Stalin died in 1953; three years la
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This consistent and correct approac
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. . . in place of the old leaders,
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In the period of the Second Interna
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IS YUGOSLAVIAA SOCIALIST COUNTRY?Th
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In Khrushchov’s opinion, Yugoslav
Page 156 and 157: Can a country be socialist when the
Page 158 and 159: ing that private individuals have t
Page 160 and 161: No, the facts are quite the reverse
Page 162 and 163: The concentration of land is actual
Page 164 and 165: do not affect the private ownership
Page 166 and 167: estoration of the landlords and cap
Page 168 and 169: Engels wrote in Anti-Dühring, “T
Page 170 and 171: The Tito clique itself admits that
Page 172 and 173: the strictest observance of a singl
Page 174 and 175: or 47.4 per cent of the federal bud
Page 176 and 177: Everybody knows that state monopoly
Page 178 and 179: In these circumstances, Yugoslavia
Page 180 and 181: They said of the Vietnamese people
Page 182 and 183: to the Congo to take a direct part
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Page 186 and 187: minority of exploiters, into a stat
Page 188 and 189: True, Yugoslavia was once a sociali
Page 190 and 191: Let us look at the facts. Have the
Page 192 and 193: 9. The Tito clique sabotages the na
Page 194 and 195: capitalism may be restored. Yugosla
Page 197: APOLOGISTSOF NEO-COLONIALISM?Fourth
Page 200 and 201: wards this extremely sharp issue of
Page 202 and 203: moreover supplies cheap raw materia
Page 204 and 205: urgently demand the thorough elimin
Page 208 and 209: established national states. If a m
Page 210 and 211: means the annihilation of mankind.
Page 212 and 213: 21 and September 10, the Soviet Gov
Page 214 and 215: 3. “The national democratic revol
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Page 218 and 219: THE PATH OF NATIONALISM ANDDEGENERA
Page 220 and 221: He added:That is the path of nation
Page 222 and 223: However, some self-styled Marxist-L
Page 224 and 225: French monopoly capitalists, crying
Page 226 and 227: the geographical and racial princip
Page 228 and 229: Fifty years have gone by; imperiali
Page 230 and 231: international agreements”. 1 On t
Page 233: TWO DIFFERENT LINESON THE QUESTION
Page 236 and 237: The revisionist line is a wrong lin
Page 238 and 239: The revisionists of the Second Inte
Page 240 and 241: 6. They spread the absurd theory th
Page 242 and 243: the footsteps of Bernstein and Kaut
Page 244 and 245: war policy, Kennedy’s deceptive p
Page 246 and 247: 3. The U.S. Joint Strategic Target
Page 248 and 249: But the fact that the U.S. reaction
Page 250 and 251: The political meaning Of this metap
Page 252 and 253: It is clear that national liberatio
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eliminated altogether because they
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We have always maintained that the
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peace. But Khrushchov’s military
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He drew the following historical le
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We consistently maintain that those
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Actually Khrushchov’s wrong appro
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They also intimidate the allies of
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PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE— TWO DIAMETR
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Let us now examine Lenin and Stalin
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Lenin said:International imperialis
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policy of the Soviet state “will
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. . . the very thought of peacefull
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And he answered in the negative,
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aggression, non-interference in eac
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daily weaker and the contradictions
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more clearly the necessity of peace
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Lenin’s policy of peaceful coexis
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imperialists wage cold wars, which
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The second question is: Can peacefu
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of the proletariat, was a base for
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. . . it is one thing to practise p
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uted to peaceful coexistence or des
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very phrase ‘coexistence’ is bo
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the United States? Very well! But o
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equirement that the socialist count
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e no war. Then if any madman wanted
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lies with the governments of two su
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All too often have the leaders of t
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THE LEADERS OF THE CPSUARE THE GREA
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While presenting themselves as cham
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tional at its Hague Congress, in wh
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ourgeois legality instead of utiliz
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and fought them face to face at the
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this struggle of opposites that Mar
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the bourgeoisie, they want the prol
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well as the only correct way to saf
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Party elements in the Chinese Commu
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pursued by these organizations and
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It is already clear that the revisi
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As Lenin said, the bourgeoisie unde
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demand of the people in the countri
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Whether one defends or opposes the
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evolution, at a particular historic
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. . . to the extent that the intern
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nist movement in pursuing the Marxi
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time unites with all the others. He
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us some time ago. It is precisely b
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ecause they accepted the revisionis
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In the face of these betrayals of t
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The leaders of the CPSU denounce Co
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ists are taking place. The revision
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15 and October 31, their twenty-six
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September 21 we have been eagerly w
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debate in the international communi
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If the leaders of the CPSU genuinel
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guiding relations among fraternal P
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HE present article will discuss the
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the socialist transformation of soc
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preach a violent political overthro
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dictatorship of the proletariat has
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Basing himself on the Marxist-Lenin
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On this question, the Marxist-Lenin
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The comrades of the delegation of t
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are re-publishing the complete text
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Today, the leaders of the CPSU have
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armed the workers, strove to win ov
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a people’s democratic dictatorshi
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of the world and has opened up stil
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Today the United States of America
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nations not only have to cope with
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Events since World War II have demo
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Events since World War II have also
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ut also on the preparations and eff
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tionary struggles of the Asian, Afr
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deviation of legalism and the “Le
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Kautskyism and social democracy, an
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3. U.S. imperialism is the arch ene
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ceased to give active support to th
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He spread the view that a new war w
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talism with socialism, asserting th
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a political detachment of the bourg
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OUR HOPESOnly eight years have elap
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Let us wind up this article with th
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HE theories of the proletarian revo
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The socialist system is incomparabl
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. New elements of capitalism are co
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the socialist countries or to make
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The development of socialist societ
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of the proletariat over the bourgeo
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tryside. New bourgeois elements and
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dozens of suits”. He was also a b
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they “fleeced the collective farm
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speculators engaged in the re-sale
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position to the workers, the peasan
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Khrushchov has carried out a series
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odies, from leading Party and gover
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Tito clique “belong to one and th
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power is concentrated”. 1 The sta
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It is perfectly clear that accordin
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He concluded: “Complete consisten
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and the elimination of bourgeois de
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The formula of abolishing the dicta
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The basic principles concerning the
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Does it mean that formerly the memb
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At present, the revisionist Khrushc
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y the whole people. A communist soc
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Under this signboard, the Khrushcho
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times”. 1 He extols to the sky a
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How the imperialists are hoping for
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But now the revisionist Khrushchov
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The main contents of the theories a
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of their long revolutionary fight,
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ELEVENTH, the system of high salari
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are a sure guarantee that Communist
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the principle of “from the masses
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WHYKHRUSHCHEV FELLEditorial. Hongqi
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development as discovered by Marxis
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iating disgrace upon the great Sovi
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United States, incited and helped t
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the United States, could settle the
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to them to decide which direction t
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THE LETTER OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
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portunity for an exchange of opinio
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We have attentively studied your vi
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distribution of forces within the i
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Under present-day conditions it is
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will as before. This is a historic
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ditions of peaceful coexistence bet
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Party must take into account the ex
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the same time the choice pf the mea
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endeavour to strengthen its dominan
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just as in the socialist community,
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lead to a breaking away from life a
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mistakes and of helping to remedy t
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instability of the entire capitalis
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As far as Yugoslavia is concerned,
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ing polemics will be realized, and
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arisen, and in January this year pr
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ejected as groundless and slanderou
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the international proletariat and a
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sympathy and support of the Soviet
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views and signed the Statement only
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ment, was started among the Chinese
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ascribe to the CPSU and other Marxi
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sequences. The nuclear and rocket w
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ly as possible, but how and with wh
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all, the monopolists, the imperiali
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The Soviet Union’s persevering st
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much grief and suffering war brings
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juncture assumed the role of critic
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last century, Frederick Engels poin
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For this reason, to separate the fi
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The Chinese leaders, too, approved.
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Soviet people began to live better
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class struggle in the U.S.S.R.., an
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letter does not even mention the de
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Everyone who ponders on the meaning
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There can be no doubt about the ans
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economic and social interests of th
Page 583 and 584:
How do the Chinese comrades solve t
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tion. It has acquired wider meaning
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— the socialist revolution is per
Page 589 and 590:
In an effort to justify its actions
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Comrades from the CPC are making pa
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munist movement, they ignore the st
Page 595 and 596:
Were we to follow the example of th
Page 597 and 598:
mon struggle for peace, democracy,
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3—E—578S3—E—578P00270 ( t )
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