Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

oppressors to oppressed, of exploiters to exploited. Are notsuch neo-exploiters who ride on the backs of the collectivefarmers one hundred-per-cent neo-kulaks?Obviously, they all belong to a class that is antagonistic tothe proletariat and the labouring farmers, belong to the kulakor rural bourgeois class. Their anti-socialist activities areprecisely class struggle with the bourgeoisie attacking theproletariat and the labouring farmers.Apart from the bourgeois elements in state enterprises andcollective farms, there are many others in both town andcountry in the Soviet Union.Some of them set up private enterprises for private productionand sale; others organize contractor teams and openlyundertake construction jobs for state or co-operative enterprises;still others open private hotels. A “Soviet woman capitalist”in Leningrad hired workers to make nylon blousesfor sale, and her “daily income amounted to 700 new roubles”. 1The owner of a workshop in the Kursk Region made felt bootsfor sale at speculative prices. He had in his possession 540pairs of felt boots, eight kilogrammes of gold coins, 3,000 metresof high-grade textiles, 20 carpets, 1,200 kilogrammes ofwool and many other valuables. 2 A private entrepreneur inthe Gomel Region “hired workers and artisans” and in thecourse of two years secured contracts for the construction andoverhauling of furnaces in twelve factories at a high price. 3In the Orenburg Region there are “hundreds of private hotelsand trans-shipment points”, and “the money of the collectivefarms and the state is continuously streaming into the pocketsof the hostelry owners”. 4Some engage in commercial speculation, making tremendousprofits through buying cheap and selling dear or bringinggoods from far away. In Moscow there are a great many1Izvestia, April 9, 1963.2Sovietskaya Rossiya, October 9, 1960.3Izvestia, October 18, 1960.4Selskaya Zhizn, July 17, 1963.434