Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

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therewith also the antithesis between mental and physicallabour, has vanished; after labour has become not only ameans of life but life’s prime want; after the productiveforces have also increased with the all-round developmentof the individual, and all the springs of co-operative wealthflow more abundantly — only then can the narrow horizonof bourgeois right be crossed in its entirety and societyinscribe on its banners: From each according to his ability,to each according to his needs! 1According to Marxist-Leninist theory, the purpose of upholdingthe dictatorship of the proletariat in the period of socialismis precisely to ensure that society develops in thedirection of communism. Lenin said that “forward development,i.e., towards Communism, proceeds through the dictatorshipof the proletariat, and cannot do otherwise”. 2 Sincethe revisionist Khrushchov clique have abandoned the dictatorshipof the proletariat in the Soviet Union, it is going backwardand not forward, going backward to capitalism and notforward to communism.Going forward to communism means moving towards theabolition of all classes and class differences. A communistsociety which preserves any classes at all, let alone exploitingclasses, is inconceivable. Yet Khrushchov is fostering a newbourgeoisie, restoring and extending the system of exploitationand accelerating class polarization in the Soviet Union. Aprivileged bourgeois stratum opposed to the Soviet peoplenow occupies the ruling position in the Party and governmentand in the economic, cultural and other departments. Canone find an iota of communism in all this?Going forward to communism means moving towards aunitary system of the ownership of the means of production1Karl Marx, “Critique of the Gotha Programme”, Selected Works ofKarl Marx and Frederick Engels, Eng. ed., FLPH, Moscow, 1951, Vol.II, p. 23.2V. I. Lenin, “The State and Revolution”, Selected Works, Eng. ed.,FLPH, Moscow, 1952, Vol. II, Part 1, p. 291.460
y the whole people. A communist society in which severalkinds of ownership of the means of production coexist is inconceivable.Yet Khrushchov is creating a situation in whichenterprises owned by the whole people are graduallydegenerating into capitalist enterprises and farms under thesystem of collective ownership are gradually degenerating intounits of a kulak economy. Again, can one find an iota ofcommunism in all this?Going forward to communism means moving towards agreat abundance of social products and the realization of theprinciple of “from each according to his ability, to each accordingto his needs”. A communist society built on the enrichmentof a handful of persons and the impoverishment ofthe masses is inconceivable. Under the socialist system thegreat Soviet people developed the social productive forces atunprecedented speed. But the evils of Khrushchov’s revisionismare creating havoc in the Soviet socialist economy. Constantlybeset with innumerable contradictions, Khrushchovmakes frequent changes in his economic policies and oftengoes back on his own words, thus throwing the Soviet nationaleconomy into a state of chaos. Khrushchov is truly an incorrigiblewastrel. He has squandered the grain reservesbuilt up under Stalin and brought great difficulties into thelives of the Soviet people. He has distorted and violated thesocialist principle of distribution of “from each according tohis ability, to each according to his work”, and enabled a handfulof persons to appropriate the fruits of the labour of thebroad masses of the Soviet people. These points alone aresufficient to prove that the road taken by Khrushchov leadsaway from communism.Going forward to communism means moving towards enhancingthe communist consciousness of the masses. A communistsociety with bourgeois ideas running rampant is inconceivable.Yet Khrushchov is zealously reviving bourgeoisideology in the Soviet Union and serving as a missionary forthe decadent American culture. By propagating material461
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From Marx to MaoML© Digital Reprin
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C O N T E N T SA PROPOSAL CONCERNIN
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DISTORTION OF THE LENINIST VIEW OF
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ANTAGONISTIC CLASSES AND CLASS STRU
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The Central Committee of the Commun
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to accept the fact that the people
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If one avoids a concrete class anal
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without wars”, a new world of “
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Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, the Sovi
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ple astray. The events of the last
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They are in fact protecting the int
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eactionary tendencies to compromise
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Social democracy is a bourgeois ide
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military apparatus — the primary
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The proletarian party must be flexi
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The superiority of the socialist sy
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Leninist ever has held or ever will
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Such is the Leninist policy. Any po
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pursued the policy of peaceful coex
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to develop relations of friendship,
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Between capitalist and communist so
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struggles no longer exist? How can
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dictatorship of the proletariat and
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mutual support and mutual assistanc
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If it is accepted that there are no
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The series of distressing developme
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U.S. imperialism and its NATO partn
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There must be a revolutionary party
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1963, the speech of the head of the
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questions calling for attention and
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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTOF THE DI
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not imperialism is to be opposed, a
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particular, the complete negation o
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Congress that Khrushchov, in his re
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It is impossible for the leadership
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the dictatorship of the proletariat
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other enemies of communism, with ex
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tween the Soviet Union and Other So
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the leadership of the CPSU. We expr
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thesis that the seizure of politica
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Completely disregarding the revolut
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maligned China as warlike, guilty o
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socialist countries alone. We made
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“There are differences between us
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that the leadership of the CPSU wou
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It is true that, both before and du
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such a formulation about the 20th C
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hours later, violating what the fra
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The Programme crudely revises the e
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and to replace the Declaration and
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This is indeed an astounding event,
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views in the talks, put forward its
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anti-revolutionary line, between th
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CPSU leaders went farther and farth
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of the people throughout the world
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is seizing state power, to overthro
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ealized by using the old state mach
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2. The Communist Party of China has
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4. If the relations between our two
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full consultations and unhurried di
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HE question of Stalin is one of wor
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But no one can deny the internation
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from reality and from the masses. I
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created by the October Revolution;
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the great CPSU and the great Soviet
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Stalin. The leaders of the CPSU hav
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The Yakyirs, Balyitskys, Lyubehenky
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Stalin died in 1953; three years la
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This consistent and correct approac
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. . . in place of the old leaders,
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In the period of the Second Interna
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IS YUGOSLAVIAA SOCIALIST COUNTRY?Th
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In Khrushchov’s opinion, Yugoslav
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Can a country be socialist when the
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ing that private individuals have t
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No, the facts are quite the reverse
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The concentration of land is actual
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do not affect the private ownership
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estoration of the landlords and cap
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Engels wrote in Anti-Dühring, “T
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The Tito clique itself admits that
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the strictest observance of a singl
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or 47.4 per cent of the federal bud
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Everybody knows that state monopoly
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In these circumstances, Yugoslavia
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They said of the Vietnamese people
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to the Congo to take a direct part
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economy owned by the whole people i
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minority of exploiters, into a stat
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True, Yugoslavia was once a sociali
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Let us look at the facts. Have the
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9. The Tito clique sabotages the na
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capitalism may be restored. Yugosla
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APOLOGISTSOF NEO-COLONIALISM?Fourth
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wards this extremely sharp issue of
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moreover supplies cheap raw materia
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urgently demand the thorough elimin
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systems. But peaceful coexistence a
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established national states. If a m
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means the annihilation of mankind.
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21 and September 10, the Soviet Gov
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3. “The national democratic revol
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ourgeoisie or the national bourgeoi
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THE PATH OF NATIONALISM ANDDEGENERA
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He added:That is the path of nation
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However, some self-styled Marxist-L
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French monopoly capitalists, crying
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the geographical and racial princip
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Fifty years have gone by; imperiali
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international agreements”. 1 On t
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TWO DIFFERENT LINESON THE QUESTION
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The revisionist line is a wrong lin
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The revisionists of the Second Inte
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6. They spread the absurd theory th
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the footsteps of Bernstein and Kaut
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war policy, Kennedy’s deceptive p
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3. The U.S. Joint Strategic Target
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But the fact that the U.S. reaction
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The political meaning Of this metap
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It is clear that national liberatio
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history it is the only lawful, righ
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eliminated altogether because they
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We have always maintained that the
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peace. But Khrushchov’s military
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He drew the following historical le
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We consistently maintain that those
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Actually Khrushchov’s wrong appro
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They also intimidate the allies of
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PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE— TWO DIAMETR
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Let us now examine Lenin and Stalin
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Lenin said:International imperialis
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policy of the Soviet state “will
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. . . the very thought of peacefull
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And he answered in the negative,
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aggression, non-interference in eac
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daily weaker and the contradictions
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more clearly the necessity of peace
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Lenin’s policy of peaceful coexis
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imperialists wage cold wars, which
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The second question is: Can peacefu
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of the proletariat, was a base for
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. . . it is one thing to practise p
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uted to peaceful coexistence or des
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very phrase ‘coexistence’ is bo
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the United States? Very well! But o
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equirement that the socialist count
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e no war. Then if any madman wanted
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lies with the governments of two su
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All too often have the leaders of t
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THE LEADERS OF THE CPSUARE THE GREA
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While presenting themselves as cham
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tional at its Hague Congress, in wh
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ourgeois legality instead of utiliz
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and fought them face to face at the
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this struggle of opposites that Mar
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the bourgeoisie, they want the prol
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well as the only correct way to saf
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Party elements in the Chinese Commu
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pursued by these organizations and
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It is already clear that the revisi
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As Lenin said, the bourgeoisie unde
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demand of the people in the countri
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Whether one defends or opposes the
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evolution, at a particular historic
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. . . to the extent that the intern
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nist movement in pursuing the Marxi
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time unites with all the others. He
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us some time ago. It is precisely b
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ecause they accepted the revisionis
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In the face of these betrayals of t
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The leaders of the CPSU denounce Co
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ists are taking place. The revision
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15 and October 31, their twenty-six
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September 21 we have been eagerly w
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debate in the international communi
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If the leaders of the CPSU genuinel
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guiding relations among fraternal P
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HE present article will discuss the
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the socialist transformation of soc
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preach a violent political overthro
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dictatorship of the proletariat has
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Basing himself on the Marxist-Lenin
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On this question, the Marxist-Lenin
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The comrades of the delegation of t
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are re-publishing the complete text
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Today, the leaders of the CPSU have
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armed the workers, strove to win ov
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a people’s democratic dictatorshi
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of the world and has opened up stil
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Today the United States of America
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nations not only have to cope with
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Events since World War II have demo
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Events since World War II have also
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ut also on the preparations and eff
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tionary struggles of the Asian, Afr
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deviation of legalism and the “Le
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Kautskyism and social democracy, an
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3. U.S. imperialism is the arch ene
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ceased to give active support to th
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He spread the view that a new war w
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talism with socialism, asserting th
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Page 423 and 424: OUR HOPESOnly eight years have elap
Page 425: Let us wind up this article with th
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Page 451 and 452: Khrushchov has carried out a series
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Page 459 and 460: It is perfectly clear that accordin
Page 461 and 462: He concluded: “Complete consisten
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Page 467 and 468: The basic principles concerning the
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Page 471: At present, the revisionist Khrushc
Page 475 and 476: Under this signboard, the Khrushcho
Page 477 and 478: times”. 1 He extols to the sky a
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Page 481 and 482: But now the revisionist Khrushchov
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Page 487 and 488: ELEVENTH, the system of high salari
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Page 493: WHYKHRUSHCHEV FELLEditorial. Hongqi
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Page 507 and 508: THE LETTER OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
Page 509 and 510: portunity for an exchange of opinio
Page 511 and 512: We have attentively studied your vi
Page 513 and 514: distribution of forces within the i
Page 515 and 516: Under present-day conditions it is
Page 517 and 518: will as before. This is a historic
Page 519 and 520: ditions of peaceful coexistence bet
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the same time the choice pf the mea
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endeavour to strengthen its dominan
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just as in the socialist community,
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lead to a breaking away from life a
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mistakes and of helping to remedy t
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instability of the entire capitalis
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As far as Yugoslavia is concerned,
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ing polemics will be realized, and
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arisen, and in January this year pr
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ejected as groundless and slanderou
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the international proletariat and a
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sympathy and support of the Soviet
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views and signed the Statement only
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ment, was started among the Chinese
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ascribe to the CPSU and other Marxi
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sequences. The nuclear and rocket w
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ly as possible, but how and with wh
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all, the monopolists, the imperiali
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The Soviet Union’s persevering st
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much grief and suffering war brings
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juncture assumed the role of critic
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last century, Frederick Engels poin
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For this reason, to separate the fi
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The Chinese leaders, too, approved.
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Soviet people began to live better
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class struggle in the U.S.S.R.., an
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letter does not even mention the de
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Everyone who ponders on the meaning
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There can be no doubt about the ans
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economic and social interests of th
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How do the Chinese comrades solve t
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tion. It has acquired wider meaning
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— the socialist revolution is per
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In an effort to justify its actions
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Comrades from the CPC are making pa
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munist movement, they ignore the st
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Were we to follow the example of th
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mon struggle for peace, democracy,
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3—E—578S3—E—578P00270 ( t )
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