Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

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countries on the continent force must serve as the lever ofour revolution”. 1 What is more, he pointed out:The English bourgeoisie has always shown its readinessto accept the decision of the majority, so long as it has themonopoly of the suffrage. But believe me, at the momentwhen it finds itself in the minority on questions which itconsiders vitally important, we will have a new slaveholders’war here. 2Lenin said in his criticism of the renegade Kautsky:The argument that Marx in the ‘seventies granted thepossibility of a peaceful transition to socialism in Englandand America is the argument of a sophist, or, to put itbluntly, of a swindler who juggles with quotations andreferences. First, Marx regarded this possibility as anexception even then. Secondly, in those days monopolycapitalism, i.e., imperialism, did not yet exist. Thirdly, inEngland and America there was no military then — asthere is now — serving as the chief apparatus of the bourgeoisstate machine. 3Lenin said that, by virtue of its fundamental economictraits, imperialism is distinguished “by a minimum attachmentfor peace and freedom, and by a maximum and universaldevelopment of militarism”. “To ‘fail to notice’ this” in thediscussion of the question of peaceful or violent change is“to stoop to the position of a common or garden varietylackey of the bourgeoisie.” 41Karl Marx, “On the Hague Congress, Speech at a Mass Meeting inAmsterdam”, Collected Works of Marx and Engels, Russ. ed., Moscow,1961, Vol. XVIII, p. 154.2“Record of a Talk Between K. Marx and the Correspondent ofThe World “, Collected Works of Marx and Engels, Russ. ed., Moscow,1961, Vol. XVII, p. 637.3V. I. Lenin, “The Proletarian Revolution and the RenegadeKautsky”, Collected Works, Eng. ed., International Publishers, NewYork, 1945, Vol. XXIII, pp. 233-34.4Ibid., p. 357.376
Today, the leaders of the CPSU have struck up Kautsky’sold tune. What is this if not stooping to the position of acommon or garden lackey of the bourgeoisie?Again, the leaders of the CPSU argue: Did not Lenin“admit in principle the possibility of a peaceful revolution”? 1This is even worse sophistry.For a time after the February Revolution of 1917 Leninenvisaged a situation in which “in Russia, by way of an exception,this revolution can be a peaceful revolution”. 2He called this “an exception” because of the special circumstancesthen obtaining: “The essence of the matter wasthat the arms were in the hands of the people, and that nocoercion from without was exercised in regard to the people.” 3In July 1917 the counter-revolutionary bourgeois governmentsuppressed the masses by force of arms, drenching thestreets of Petrograd with the blood of workers and soldiers.After this incident Lenin declared that “all hopes for a peacefuldevelopment of the Russian Revolution have definitelyvanished”. 4 In October 1917 Lenin and the Bolshevik Partyresolutely led the workers and soldiers in an armed uprisingand seized state power. Lenin pointed out in January 1918that “the class struggle. . . has turned into a civil war”. 5 TheSoviet state had to wage another three and half yearsof revolutionary war and to make heavy sacrifices before itsmashed both the domestic counter-revolutionary rebellion1A. Beliakov and F. Burlatsky, “Lenin’s Theory of Socialist Revolutionand the Present Day”, Kommunist, Moscow, No. 13, 1960.2V. I. Lenin, “Speech on Attitude Towards the Provisional Government”,delivered at the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers’and Soldiers’ Deputies, Selected Works, Eng. ed., FLPH, Moscow,1952, Vol. II, Part 1, p. 80.3V. I. Lenin, “On Slogans”, Selected Works, Eng. ed., FLPH, Moscow,1952, Vol. II, Part 1, p. 88.4V. I. Lenin, “The Political Situation”, Collected Works, Eng. ed.,International Publishers, New York, 1932, Vol. XXI, Book 1, p. 37.5V. I. Lenin, “People from the Next World”, Collected Works, Russ.ed., Moscow, 1949, Vol. XXVI, p. 393.377
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From Marx to MaoML© Digital Reprin
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C O N T E N T SA PROPOSAL CONCERNIN
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DISTORTION OF THE LENINIST VIEW OF
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ANTAGONISTIC CLASSES AND CLASS STRU
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The Central Committee of the Commun
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to accept the fact that the people
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If one avoids a concrete class anal
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without wars”, a new world of “
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Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, the Sovi
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ple astray. The events of the last
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They are in fact protecting the int
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eactionary tendencies to compromise
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Social democracy is a bourgeois ide
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military apparatus — the primary
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The proletarian party must be flexi
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The superiority of the socialist sy
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Leninist ever has held or ever will
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Such is the Leninist policy. Any po
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pursued the policy of peaceful coex
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to develop relations of friendship,
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Between capitalist and communist so
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struggles no longer exist? How can
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dictatorship of the proletariat and
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mutual support and mutual assistanc
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If it is accepted that there are no
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The series of distressing developme
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U.S. imperialism and its NATO partn
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There must be a revolutionary party
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1963, the speech of the head of the
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questions calling for attention and
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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTOF THE DI
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not imperialism is to be opposed, a
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particular, the complete negation o
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Congress that Khrushchov, in his re
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It is impossible for the leadership
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the dictatorship of the proletariat
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other enemies of communism, with ex
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tween the Soviet Union and Other So
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the leadership of the CPSU. We expr
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thesis that the seizure of politica
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Completely disregarding the revolut
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maligned China as warlike, guilty o
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socialist countries alone. We made
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“There are differences between us
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that the leadership of the CPSU wou
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It is true that, both before and du
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such a formulation about the 20th C
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hours later, violating what the fra
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The Programme crudely revises the e
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and to replace the Declaration and
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This is indeed an astounding event,
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views in the talks, put forward its
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anti-revolutionary line, between th
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CPSU leaders went farther and farth
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of the people throughout the world
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is seizing state power, to overthro
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ealized by using the old state mach
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2. The Communist Party of China has
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4. If the relations between our two
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full consultations and unhurried di
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HE question of Stalin is one of wor
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But no one can deny the internation
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from reality and from the masses. I
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created by the October Revolution;
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the great CPSU and the great Soviet
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Stalin. The leaders of the CPSU hav
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The Yakyirs, Balyitskys, Lyubehenky
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Stalin died in 1953; three years la
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This consistent and correct approac
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. . . in place of the old leaders,
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In the period of the Second Interna
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IS YUGOSLAVIAA SOCIALIST COUNTRY?Th
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In Khrushchov’s opinion, Yugoslav
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Can a country be socialist when the
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ing that private individuals have t
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No, the facts are quite the reverse
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The concentration of land is actual
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do not affect the private ownership
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estoration of the landlords and cap
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Engels wrote in Anti-Dühring, “T
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The Tito clique itself admits that
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the strictest observance of a singl
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or 47.4 per cent of the federal bud
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Everybody knows that state monopoly
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In these circumstances, Yugoslavia
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They said of the Vietnamese people
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to the Congo to take a direct part
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economy owned by the whole people i
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minority of exploiters, into a stat
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True, Yugoslavia was once a sociali
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Let us look at the facts. Have the
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9. The Tito clique sabotages the na
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capitalism may be restored. Yugosla
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APOLOGISTSOF NEO-COLONIALISM?Fourth
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wards this extremely sharp issue of
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moreover supplies cheap raw materia
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urgently demand the thorough elimin
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systems. But peaceful coexistence a
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established national states. If a m
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means the annihilation of mankind.
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21 and September 10, the Soviet Gov
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3. “The national democratic revol
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ourgeoisie or the national bourgeoi
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THE PATH OF NATIONALISM ANDDEGENERA
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He added:That is the path of nation
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However, some self-styled Marxist-L
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French monopoly capitalists, crying
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the geographical and racial princip
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Fifty years have gone by; imperiali
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international agreements”. 1 On t
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TWO DIFFERENT LINESON THE QUESTION
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The revisionist line is a wrong lin
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The revisionists of the Second Inte
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6. They spread the absurd theory th
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the footsteps of Bernstein and Kaut
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war policy, Kennedy’s deceptive p
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3. The U.S. Joint Strategic Target
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But the fact that the U.S. reaction
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The political meaning Of this metap
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It is clear that national liberatio
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history it is the only lawful, righ
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eliminated altogether because they
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We have always maintained that the
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peace. But Khrushchov’s military
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He drew the following historical le
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We consistently maintain that those
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Actually Khrushchov’s wrong appro
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They also intimidate the allies of
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PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE— TWO DIAMETR
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Let us now examine Lenin and Stalin
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Lenin said:International imperialis
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policy of the Soviet state “will
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. . . the very thought of peacefull
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And he answered in the negative,
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aggression, non-interference in eac
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daily weaker and the contradictions
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more clearly the necessity of peace
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Lenin’s policy of peaceful coexis
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imperialists wage cold wars, which
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The second question is: Can peacefu
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of the proletariat, was a base for
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. . . it is one thing to practise p
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uted to peaceful coexistence or des
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very phrase ‘coexistence’ is bo
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the United States? Very well! But o
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equirement that the socialist count
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e no war. Then if any madman wanted
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lies with the governments of two su
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All too often have the leaders of t
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THE LEADERS OF THE CPSUARE THE GREA
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While presenting themselves as cham
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tional at its Hague Congress, in wh
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ourgeois legality instead of utiliz
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and fought them face to face at the
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this struggle of opposites that Mar
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the bourgeoisie, they want the prol
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well as the only correct way to saf
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Party elements in the Chinese Commu
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pursued by these organizations and
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It is already clear that the revisi
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Page 403 and 404: Events since World War II have also
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Page 417 and 418: He spread the view that a new war w
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Page 423 and 424: OUR HOPESOnly eight years have elap
Page 425: Let us wind up this article with th
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of the proletariat over the bourgeo
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tryside. New bourgeois elements and
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dozens of suits”. He was also a b
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they “fleeced the collective farm
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speculators engaged in the re-sale
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position to the workers, the peasan
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Khrushchov has carried out a series
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odies, from leading Party and gover
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Tito clique “belong to one and th
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power is concentrated”. 1 The sta
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It is perfectly clear that accordin
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He concluded: “Complete consisten
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and the elimination of bourgeois de
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The formula of abolishing the dicta
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The basic principles concerning the
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Does it mean that formerly the memb
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At present, the revisionist Khrushc
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y the whole people. A communist soc
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Under this signboard, the Khrushcho
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times”. 1 He extols to the sky a
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How the imperialists are hoping for
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But now the revisionist Khrushchov
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The main contents of the theories a
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of their long revolutionary fight,
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ELEVENTH, the system of high salari
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are a sure guarantee that Communist
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the principle of “from the masses
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WHYKHRUSHCHEV FELLEditorial. Hongqi
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development as discovered by Marxis
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iating disgrace upon the great Sovi
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United States, incited and helped t
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the United States, could settle the
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to them to decide which direction t
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THE LETTER OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
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portunity for an exchange of opinio
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We have attentively studied your vi
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distribution of forces within the i
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Under present-day conditions it is
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will as before. This is a historic
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ditions of peaceful coexistence bet
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Party must take into account the ex
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the same time the choice pf the mea
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endeavour to strengthen its dominan
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just as in the socialist community,
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lead to a breaking away from life a
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mistakes and of helping to remedy t
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instability of the entire capitalis
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As far as Yugoslavia is concerned,
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ing polemics will be realized, and
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arisen, and in January this year pr
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ejected as groundless and slanderou
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the international proletariat and a
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sympathy and support of the Soviet
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views and signed the Statement only
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ment, was started among the Chinese
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ascribe to the CPSU and other Marxi
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sequences. The nuclear and rocket w
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ly as possible, but how and with wh
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all, the monopolists, the imperiali
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The Soviet Union’s persevering st
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much grief and suffering war brings
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juncture assumed the role of critic
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last century, Frederick Engels poin
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For this reason, to separate the fi
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The Chinese leaders, too, approved.
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Soviet people began to live better
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class struggle in the U.S.S.R.., an
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letter does not even mention the de
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Everyone who ponders on the meaning
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There can be no doubt about the ans
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economic and social interests of th
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How do the Chinese comrades solve t
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tion. It has acquired wider meaning
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— the socialist revolution is per
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In an effort to justify its actions
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Comrades from the CPC are making pa
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munist movement, they ignore the st
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Were we to follow the example of th
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mon struggle for peace, democracy,
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3—E—578S3—E—578P00270 ( t )
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