Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

In the capitalist countries, the growth of the revisionisttrend first manifested itself in the fact that the leaders ofcertain Communist Parties abandoned the revolutionaryMarxist-Leninist line and embraced the line of “peaceful transition.This line is clearly typified in Togliatti’s theory ofstructural reform, which advocates the proletariat’s attainmentof the leadership of the state through the legal channels ofbourgeois democracy and the socialist transformation of thenational economy through such nationalization and planningas serve monopoly capital. According to this line, it is possibleto establish new socialist relations of production andmake the transition to socialism without smashing the bourgeoisstate machine. In practice, this amounts to making communismdegenerate into social democracy.In the socialist countries, the revisionist trend first appearedin Yugoslavia. Capitulation to U.S. imperialism is an importantcharacteristic of Titoite revisionism. The Tito clique havesold themselves body and soul to U.S. imperialism; they havenot only restored capitalism in Yugoslavia, but have become animperialist instrument for undermining the socialist camp andthe international communist movement and are playing therole of a special detachment of U.S. imperialism for sabotagingworld revolution.In their efforts to serve U.S. imperialism and to oppose andabolish proletarian revolution, the Tito clique have outspokenlyasserted that violent revolution has become “increasinglysuperfluous as a means of resolving social contradictions” 1 andthat the “evolutionary process of development toward socialism”through a bourgeois parliament “is not only possible buthas already become a real fact”. 2 They virtually equate capi-1Ilya Kosanović, Historical Materialism, Russ. ed., Moscow, 1958,p. 352.2Edvard Kardelj, “Socialist Democracy in Yugoslav Practice”, alecture delivered before activists of the Norwegian Labour Party inOslo on October 8, 1954.406