Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

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OPEN LETTER OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THECOMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNIONTO ALL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS, TO ALL COMMUNISTSOF THE SOVIET UNIONDear Comrades,(July 14, 1963)The Central Committee of the CPSU deems it necessary toaddress this open letter to you in order to set out its positionon the fundamental questions of the international communistmovement in connection with the letter of the Central Commmitteeof the Communist Party of China of June 14, 1963.Soviet people are well aware that our party and government,expressing the will of the entire Soviet people, spareno efforts to strengthen fraternal friendship with the peoplesof all the socialist countries, with the Chinese people. Weare united by common struggle for the victory of communism,we share the same aim, the same aspirations and hopes.For many years relations between our parties were good.But some time ago there came to light serious differencesbetween the CPC on the one hand, and the CPSU and theother fraternal parties, on the other. At the present time, thestatements and actions of the leadership of the CommunistParty of China, which are undermining the cohesion of ourparties and the friendship of our peoples, are causing increasingconcern to the CPSU Central Committee.For its part, the CPSU Central Committee has been doingeverything possible to overcome the differences that haveThe bold-type emphases in this letter are Renmin Ribao’s — Ed.526
arisen, and in January this year proposed the cessation ofopen polemics in the communist movement, so that the issuesbe discussed calmly and in a businesslike manner, and solvedon a principled Marxist-Leninist basis. This proposal of theCPSU met with the warm support of all the fraternal parties.Agreement was subsequently reached on a meeting betweenrepresentatives of the CPSU and the CPC, which is now takingplace in Moscow.The CPSU Central Committee hoped that the Chinesecomrades would, like ourselves, display good will and wouldfacilitate the success of the meeting in the interests of ourpeoples, in the interests of strengthening the unity of thecommunist movement. To our regret, when agreement wasreached on the Moscow meeting of representatives of theCPSU and CPC, when the delegations were appointed andthe date of the meeting set, the Chinese comrades, insteadof submitting the divergencies for discussion at this meeting,unexpectedly found it possible not only to state the old differencesopenly, before the entire world, but also to advancenew charges against the CPSU and other Communist parties.This found expression in the publication of the June 14 letterof the CPC Central Committee, which gives an arbitrary interpretationof the Declaration and Statement of the Moscowmeetings of representatives of the Communist and Workers’parties, and distorts the basic principles of these historic documents.The CPC Central Committee letter contains groundless,slanderous attacks on our party and on other Communistparties, on the decisions of the 20th, 21st, and 22nd Congressesof the CPSU and on the CPSU Programme.As you know from the statement of the CPSU Central Committeepublished in Pravda on June 19, the Presidium of theCPSU Central Committee, having studied the June 14 letterof the CPC Central Committee, arrived at the conclusion thatits publication in the Soviet press at that time would havebeen inadvisable. Publication of the letter would, naturally,have required a public reply on our part; this would have527
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From Marx to MaoML© Digital Reprin
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C O N T E N T SA PROPOSAL CONCERNIN
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DISTORTION OF THE LENINIST VIEW OF
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ANTAGONISTIC CLASSES AND CLASS STRU
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The Central Committee of the Commun
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to accept the fact that the people
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If one avoids a concrete class anal
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without wars”, a new world of “
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Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, the Sovi
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ple astray. The events of the last
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They are in fact protecting the int
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eactionary tendencies to compromise
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Social democracy is a bourgeois ide
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military apparatus — the primary
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The proletarian party must be flexi
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The superiority of the socialist sy
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Leninist ever has held or ever will
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Such is the Leninist policy. Any po
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pursued the policy of peaceful coex
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to develop relations of friendship,
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Between capitalist and communist so
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struggles no longer exist? How can
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dictatorship of the proletariat and
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mutual support and mutual assistanc
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If it is accepted that there are no
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The series of distressing developme
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U.S. imperialism and its NATO partn
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There must be a revolutionary party
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1963, the speech of the head of the
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questions calling for attention and
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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTOF THE DI
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not imperialism is to be opposed, a
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particular, the complete negation o
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Congress that Khrushchov, in his re
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It is impossible for the leadership
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the dictatorship of the proletariat
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other enemies of communism, with ex
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tween the Soviet Union and Other So
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the leadership of the CPSU. We expr
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thesis that the seizure of politica
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Completely disregarding the revolut
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maligned China as warlike, guilty o
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socialist countries alone. We made
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“There are differences between us
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that the leadership of the CPSU wou
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It is true that, both before and du
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such a formulation about the 20th C
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hours later, violating what the fra
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The Programme crudely revises the e
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and to replace the Declaration and
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This is indeed an astounding event,
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views in the talks, put forward its
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anti-revolutionary line, between th
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CPSU leaders went farther and farth
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of the people throughout the world
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is seizing state power, to overthro
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ealized by using the old state mach
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2. The Communist Party of China has
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4. If the relations between our two
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full consultations and unhurried di
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HE question of Stalin is one of wor
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But no one can deny the internation
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from reality and from the masses. I
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created by the October Revolution;
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the great CPSU and the great Soviet
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Stalin. The leaders of the CPSU hav
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The Yakyirs, Balyitskys, Lyubehenky
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Stalin died in 1953; three years la
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This consistent and correct approac
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. . . in place of the old leaders,
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In the period of the Second Interna
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IS YUGOSLAVIAA SOCIALIST COUNTRY?Th
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In Khrushchov’s opinion, Yugoslav
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Can a country be socialist when the
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ing that private individuals have t
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No, the facts are quite the reverse
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The concentration of land is actual
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do not affect the private ownership
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estoration of the landlords and cap
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Engels wrote in Anti-Dühring, “T
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The Tito clique itself admits that
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the strictest observance of a singl
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or 47.4 per cent of the federal bud
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Everybody knows that state monopoly
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In these circumstances, Yugoslavia
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They said of the Vietnamese people
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to the Congo to take a direct part
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economy owned by the whole people i
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minority of exploiters, into a stat
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True, Yugoslavia was once a sociali
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Let us look at the facts. Have the
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9. The Tito clique sabotages the na
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capitalism may be restored. Yugosla
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APOLOGISTSOF NEO-COLONIALISM?Fourth
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wards this extremely sharp issue of
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moreover supplies cheap raw materia
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urgently demand the thorough elimin
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systems. But peaceful coexistence a
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established national states. If a m
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means the annihilation of mankind.
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21 and September 10, the Soviet Gov
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3. “The national democratic revol
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ourgeoisie or the national bourgeoi
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THE PATH OF NATIONALISM ANDDEGENERA
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He added:That is the path of nation
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However, some self-styled Marxist-L
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French monopoly capitalists, crying
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the geographical and racial princip
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Fifty years have gone by; imperiali
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international agreements”. 1 On t
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TWO DIFFERENT LINESON THE QUESTION
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The revisionist line is a wrong lin
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The revisionists of the Second Inte
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6. They spread the absurd theory th
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the footsteps of Bernstein and Kaut
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war policy, Kennedy’s deceptive p
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3. The U.S. Joint Strategic Target
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But the fact that the U.S. reaction
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The political meaning Of this metap
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It is clear that national liberatio
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history it is the only lawful, righ
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eliminated altogether because they
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We have always maintained that the
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peace. But Khrushchov’s military
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He drew the following historical le
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We consistently maintain that those
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Actually Khrushchov’s wrong appro
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They also intimidate the allies of
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PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE— TWO DIAMETR
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Let us now examine Lenin and Stalin
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Lenin said:International imperialis
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policy of the Soviet state “will
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. . . the very thought of peacefull
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And he answered in the negative,
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aggression, non-interference in eac
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daily weaker and the contradictions
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more clearly the necessity of peace
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Lenin’s policy of peaceful coexis
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imperialists wage cold wars, which
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The second question is: Can peacefu
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of the proletariat, was a base for
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. . . it is one thing to practise p
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uted to peaceful coexistence or des
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very phrase ‘coexistence’ is bo
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the United States? Very well! But o
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equirement that the socialist count
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e no war. Then if any madman wanted
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lies with the governments of two su
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All too often have the leaders of t
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THE LEADERS OF THE CPSUARE THE GREA
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While presenting themselves as cham
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tional at its Hague Congress, in wh
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ourgeois legality instead of utiliz
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and fought them face to face at the
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this struggle of opposites that Mar
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the bourgeoisie, they want the prol
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well as the only correct way to saf
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Party elements in the Chinese Commu
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pursued by these organizations and
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It is already clear that the revisi
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As Lenin said, the bourgeoisie unde
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demand of the people in the countri
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Whether one defends or opposes the
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evolution, at a particular historic
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. . . to the extent that the intern
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nist movement in pursuing the Marxi
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time unites with all the others. He
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us some time ago. It is precisely b
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ecause they accepted the revisionis
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In the face of these betrayals of t
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The leaders of the CPSU denounce Co
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ists are taking place. The revision
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15 and October 31, their twenty-six
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September 21 we have been eagerly w
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debate in the international communi
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If the leaders of the CPSU genuinel
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guiding relations among fraternal P
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HE present article will discuss the
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the socialist transformation of soc
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preach a violent political overthro
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dictatorship of the proletariat has
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Basing himself on the Marxist-Lenin
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On this question, the Marxist-Lenin
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The comrades of the delegation of t
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are re-publishing the complete text
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Today, the leaders of the CPSU have
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armed the workers, strove to win ov
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a people’s democratic dictatorshi
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of the world and has opened up stil
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Today the United States of America
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nations not only have to cope with
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Events since World War II have demo
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Events since World War II have also
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ut also on the preparations and eff
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tionary struggles of the Asian, Afr
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deviation of legalism and the “Le
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Kautskyism and social democracy, an
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3. U.S. imperialism is the arch ene
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ceased to give active support to th
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He spread the view that a new war w
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talism with socialism, asserting th
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a political detachment of the bourg
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OUR HOPESOnly eight years have elap
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Let us wind up this article with th
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HE theories of the proletarian revo
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The socialist system is incomparabl
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. New elements of capitalism are co
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the socialist countries or to make
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The development of socialist societ
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of the proletariat over the bourgeo
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tryside. New bourgeois elements and
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dozens of suits”. He was also a b
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they “fleeced the collective farm
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speculators engaged in the re-sale
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position to the workers, the peasan
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Khrushchov has carried out a series
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odies, from leading Party and gover
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Tito clique “belong to one and th
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power is concentrated”. 1 The sta
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It is perfectly clear that accordin
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He concluded: “Complete consisten
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and the elimination of bourgeois de
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The formula of abolishing the dicta
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The basic principles concerning the
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Does it mean that formerly the memb
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At present, the revisionist Khrushc
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y the whole people. A communist soc
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Under this signboard, the Khrushcho
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times”. 1 He extols to the sky a
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How the imperialists are hoping for
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But now the revisionist Khrushchov
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The main contents of the theories a
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of their long revolutionary fight,
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Page 493: WHYKHRUSHCHEV FELLEditorial. Hongqi
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Page 519 and 520: ditions of peaceful coexistence bet
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Page 535 and 536: As far as Yugoslavia is concerned,
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Page 549 and 550: ment, was started among the Chinese
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Page 553 and 554: sequences. The nuclear and rocket w
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Page 557 and 558: all, the monopolists, the imperiali
Page 559 and 560: The Soviet Union’s persevering st
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Page 563 and 564: juncture assumed the role of critic
Page 565 and 566: last century, Frederick Engels poin
Page 567 and 568: For this reason, to separate the fi
Page 569 and 570: The Chinese leaders, too, approved.
Page 571 and 572: Soviet people began to live better
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Page 575 and 576: letter does not even mention the de
Page 577 and 578: Everyone who ponders on the meaning
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Page 581 and 582: economic and social interests of th
Page 583 and 584: How do the Chinese comrades solve t
Page 585 and 586: tion. It has acquired wider meaning
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In an effort to justify its actions
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Comrades from the CPC are making pa
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munist movement, they ignore the st
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Were we to follow the example of th
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mon struggle for peace, democracy,
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3—E—578S3—E—578P00270 ( t )
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