Polemic on General Line of International ... - From Marx to Mao

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more clearly the necessity of peaceful coexistence”. 1 In particularthey have loudly announced a U.S. President’s “admissionof the reasonableness and practicability of peaceful coexistencebetween countries with different social systems”. 23. They advocate “all-round co-operation” with imperialistcountries, and especially with the United States. They saythat the Soviet Union and the United States “will be able tofind a basis for concerted actions and efforts for the good ofall humanity” 3 and can “march hand in hand for the sake ofconsolidating peace and establishing real international cooperationbetween all states”. 44. They assert that peaceful coexistence is “the general lineof foreign policy of the Soviet Union and the countries of thesocialist camp”. 55. They also assert that “the principle of peaceful coexistencedetermines the general line of foreign policy of the CPSUand other Marxist-Leninist Parties”, 6 that it is “the basis ofthe strategy of communism” in the world today, and that allCommunists “have made the struggle for peaceful coexistencethe general principle of their policy”. 76. They regard peaceful coexistence as the prerequisite forvictory in the peoples’ revolutionary struggles. They holdthat the victories won by the people of different countries have1N. S. Khrushchov, Report to the Session of the Supreme Soviet ofthe USSR, January 1960.2“On the Interview of the U.S. President J. Kennedy”, editorial boardarticle in Izvestia, December 4, 1961.3Telegram of Greetings from N. S. Khrushchov and L. I. Brezhnevto J. F. Kennedy, December 30, 1961.4N. S. Khrushchov, Speech at the U.N. General Assembly, September23, 1960.5N. S. Khrushchov, Speech at the Reception Given by the Embassyof the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the Soviet Union,July 5, 1961.6B. N. Ponomaryov, “Some Problems of the Revolutionary Movement”,World Marxist Review, No. 12, 1962.7“Peaceful Coexistence and Revolution”, Kommunist, Moscow, No. 2,1962.276
een achieved under “conditions of peaceful coexistence betweenstates with different social systems”. 1 They assert that“it was precisely in conditions of peaceful coexistence betweenstates with different social systems that the socialist revolutiontriumphed in Cuba, that the Algerian people gainednational independence, that more than forty countries wonnational independence, that the fraternal Parties grew innumber and strength, and that the influence of the worldcommunist movement increased”. 27. They hold that peaceful coexistence is “the best way ofhelping the international revolutionary labour movementachieve its basic class aims”. 3 They declare that under peacefulcoexistence the possibility of a peaceful transition to socialismin capitalist countries has grown. They believe, moreover,that the victory of socialism in economic competition“will mean delivering a crushing blow to the entire system ofcapitalist relationships”. 4 They state that “when the Sovietpeople enjoy the blessings of communism, new hundreds ofmillions of people on earth will say: ‘We are for communism!’” 5 and that by then even capitalists may “go over to theCommunist Party”.Just consider. What do these views have in common withLenin’s policy of peaceful coexistence?Lenin’s policy of peaceful coexistence is one followed by asocialist country in its relations with countries having differentsocial systems, whereas Khrushchov describes peacefulcoexistence as the supreme principle governing the life ofmodern society.1B. N. Ponomaryov, “A New Stage in the General Crisis of Capitalism”,Pravda, February 8, 1961.2Letter of the Central Committee of the CPSU to the Central Committeeof the CPC, March 30, 1963.3Open Letter of the Central Committee of the CPSU to All PartyOrganizations, to All Communists of the Soviet Union, July 14, 1963.4B. N. Ponomaryov, “Some Problems of the Revolutionary Movement”,World Marxist Review, No. 12, 1962.5Programme of the CPSU, adopted by the 22nd Congress of the CPSU.277
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From Marx to MaoML© Digital Reprin
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C O N T E N T SA PROPOSAL CONCERNIN
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DISTORTION OF THE LENINIST VIEW OF
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ANTAGONISTIC CLASSES AND CLASS STRU
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The Central Committee of the Commun
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to accept the fact that the people
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If one avoids a concrete class anal
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without wars”, a new world of “
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Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, the Sovi
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ple astray. The events of the last
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They are in fact protecting the int
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eactionary tendencies to compromise
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Social democracy is a bourgeois ide
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military apparatus — the primary
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The proletarian party must be flexi
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The superiority of the socialist sy
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Leninist ever has held or ever will
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Such is the Leninist policy. Any po
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pursued the policy of peaceful coex
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to develop relations of friendship,
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Between capitalist and communist so
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struggles no longer exist? How can
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dictatorship of the proletariat and
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mutual support and mutual assistanc
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If it is accepted that there are no
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The series of distressing developme
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U.S. imperialism and its NATO partn
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There must be a revolutionary party
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1963, the speech of the head of the
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questions calling for attention and
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THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENTOF THE DI
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not imperialism is to be opposed, a
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particular, the complete negation o
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Congress that Khrushchov, in his re
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It is impossible for the leadership
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the dictatorship of the proletariat
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other enemies of communism, with ex
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tween the Soviet Union and Other So
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the leadership of the CPSU. We expr
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thesis that the seizure of politica
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Completely disregarding the revolut
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maligned China as warlike, guilty o
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socialist countries alone. We made
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“There are differences between us
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that the leadership of the CPSU wou
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It is true that, both before and du
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such a formulation about the 20th C
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hours later, violating what the fra
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The Programme crudely revises the e
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and to replace the Declaration and
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This is indeed an astounding event,
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views in the talks, put forward its
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anti-revolutionary line, between th
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CPSU leaders went farther and farth
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of the people throughout the world
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is seizing state power, to overthro
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ealized by using the old state mach
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2. The Communist Party of China has
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4. If the relations between our two
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full consultations and unhurried di
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HE question of Stalin is one of wor
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But no one can deny the internation
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from reality and from the masses. I
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created by the October Revolution;
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the great CPSU and the great Soviet
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Stalin. The leaders of the CPSU hav
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The Yakyirs, Balyitskys, Lyubehenky
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Stalin died in 1953; three years la
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This consistent and correct approac
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. . . in place of the old leaders,
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In the period of the Second Interna
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IS YUGOSLAVIAA SOCIALIST COUNTRY?Th
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In Khrushchov’s opinion, Yugoslav
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Can a country be socialist when the
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ing that private individuals have t
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No, the facts are quite the reverse
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The concentration of land is actual
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do not affect the private ownership
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estoration of the landlords and cap
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Engels wrote in Anti-Dühring, “T
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The Tito clique itself admits that
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the strictest observance of a singl
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or 47.4 per cent of the federal bud
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Everybody knows that state monopoly
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In these circumstances, Yugoslavia
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They said of the Vietnamese people
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to the Congo to take a direct part
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economy owned by the whole people i
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minority of exploiters, into a stat
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True, Yugoslavia was once a sociali
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Let us look at the facts. Have the
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9. The Tito clique sabotages the na
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capitalism may be restored. Yugosla
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APOLOGISTSOF NEO-COLONIALISM?Fourth
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wards this extremely sharp issue of
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moreover supplies cheap raw materia
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urgently demand the thorough elimin
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systems. But peaceful coexistence a
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established national states. If a m
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means the annihilation of mankind.
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21 and September 10, the Soviet Gov
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3. “The national democratic revol
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ourgeoisie or the national bourgeoi
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THE PATH OF NATIONALISM ANDDEGENERA
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He added:That is the path of nation
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However, some self-styled Marxist-L
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French monopoly capitalists, crying
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the geographical and racial princip
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Fifty years have gone by; imperiali
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international agreements”. 1 On t
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TWO DIFFERENT LINESON THE QUESTION
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The revisionist line is a wrong lin
Page 238 and 239: The revisionists of the Second Inte
Page 240 and 241: 6. They spread the absurd theory th
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Page 244 and 245: war policy, Kennedy’s deceptive p
Page 246 and 247: 3. The U.S. Joint Strategic Target
Page 248 and 249: But the fact that the U.S. reaction
Page 250 and 251: The political meaning Of this metap
Page 252 and 253: It is clear that national liberatio
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Page 258 and 259: We have always maintained that the
Page 260 and 261: peace. But Khrushchov’s military
Page 262 and 263: He drew the following historical le
Page 264 and 265: We consistently maintain that those
Page 266 and 267: Actually Khrushchov’s wrong appro
Page 268 and 269: They also intimidate the allies of
Page 271: PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE— TWO DIAMETR
Page 274 and 275: Let us now examine Lenin and Stalin
Page 276 and 277: Lenin said:International imperialis
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Page 282 and 283: And he answered in the negative,
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Page 294 and 295: The second question is: Can peacefu
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Page 298 and 299: . . . it is one thing to practise p
Page 300 and 301: uted to peaceful coexistence or des
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Page 304 and 305: the United States? Very well! But o
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Page 308 and 309: e no war. Then if any madman wanted
Page 310 and 311: lies with the governments of two su
Page 312 and 313: All too often have the leaders of t
Page 315: THE LEADERS OF THE CPSUARE THE GREA
Page 318 and 319: While presenting themselves as cham
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Page 324 and 325: and fought them face to face at the
Page 326 and 327: this struggle of opposites that Mar
Page 328 and 329: the bourgeoisie, they want the prol
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Page 332 and 333: Party elements in the Chinese Commu
Page 334 and 335: pursued by these organizations and
Page 336 and 337: It is already clear that the revisi
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As Lenin said, the bourgeoisie unde
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demand of the people in the countri
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Whether one defends or opposes the
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evolution, at a particular historic
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. . . to the extent that the intern
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nist movement in pursuing the Marxi
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time unites with all the others. He
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us some time ago. It is precisely b
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ecause they accepted the revisionis
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In the face of these betrayals of t
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The leaders of the CPSU denounce Co
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ists are taking place. The revision
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15 and October 31, their twenty-six
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September 21 we have been eagerly w
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debate in the international communi
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If the leaders of the CPSU genuinel
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guiding relations among fraternal P
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HE present article will discuss the
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the socialist transformation of soc
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preach a violent political overthro
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dictatorship of the proletariat has
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Basing himself on the Marxist-Lenin
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On this question, the Marxist-Lenin
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The comrades of the delegation of t
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are re-publishing the complete text
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Today, the leaders of the CPSU have
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armed the workers, strove to win ov
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a people’s democratic dictatorshi
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of the world and has opened up stil
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Today the United States of America
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nations not only have to cope with
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Events since World War II have demo
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Events since World War II have also
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ut also on the preparations and eff
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tionary struggles of the Asian, Afr
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deviation of legalism and the “Le
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Kautskyism and social democracy, an
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3. U.S. imperialism is the arch ene
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ceased to give active support to th
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He spread the view that a new war w
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talism with socialism, asserting th
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a political detachment of the bourg
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OUR HOPESOnly eight years have elap
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Let us wind up this article with th
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HE theories of the proletarian revo
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The socialist system is incomparabl
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. New elements of capitalism are co
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the socialist countries or to make
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The development of socialist societ
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of the proletariat over the bourgeo
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tryside. New bourgeois elements and
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dozens of suits”. He was also a b
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they “fleeced the collective farm
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speculators engaged in the re-sale
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position to the workers, the peasan
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Khrushchov has carried out a series
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odies, from leading Party and gover
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Tito clique “belong to one and th
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power is concentrated”. 1 The sta
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It is perfectly clear that accordin
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He concluded: “Complete consisten
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and the elimination of bourgeois de
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The formula of abolishing the dicta
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The basic principles concerning the
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Does it mean that formerly the memb
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At present, the revisionist Khrushc
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y the whole people. A communist soc
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Under this signboard, the Khrushcho
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times”. 1 He extols to the sky a
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How the imperialists are hoping for
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But now the revisionist Khrushchov
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The main contents of the theories a
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of their long revolutionary fight,
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ELEVENTH, the system of high salari
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are a sure guarantee that Communist
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the principle of “from the masses
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WHYKHRUSHCHEV FELLEditorial. Hongqi
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development as discovered by Marxis
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iating disgrace upon the great Sovi
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United States, incited and helped t
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the United States, could settle the
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to them to decide which direction t
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THE LETTER OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
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portunity for an exchange of opinio
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We have attentively studied your vi
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distribution of forces within the i
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Under present-day conditions it is
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will as before. This is a historic
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ditions of peaceful coexistence bet
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Party must take into account the ex
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the same time the choice pf the mea
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endeavour to strengthen its dominan
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just as in the socialist community,
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lead to a breaking away from life a
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mistakes and of helping to remedy t
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instability of the entire capitalis
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As far as Yugoslavia is concerned,
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ing polemics will be realized, and
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arisen, and in January this year pr
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ejected as groundless and slanderou
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the international proletariat and a
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sympathy and support of the Soviet
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views and signed the Statement only
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ment, was started among the Chinese
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ascribe to the CPSU and other Marxi
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sequences. The nuclear and rocket w
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ly as possible, but how and with wh
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all, the monopolists, the imperiali
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The Soviet Union’s persevering st
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much grief and suffering war brings
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juncture assumed the role of critic
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last century, Frederick Engels poin
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For this reason, to separate the fi
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The Chinese leaders, too, approved.
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Soviet people began to live better
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class struggle in the U.S.S.R.., an
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letter does not even mention the de
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Everyone who ponders on the meaning
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There can be no doubt about the ans
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economic and social interests of th
Page 583 and 584:
How do the Chinese comrades solve t
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tion. It has acquired wider meaning
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— the socialist revolution is per
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In an effort to justify its actions
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Comrades from the CPC are making pa
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munist movement, they ignore the st
Page 595 and 596:
Were we to follow the example of th
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mon struggle for peace, democracy,
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3—E—578S3—E—578P00270 ( t )
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