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144 T H E MIDDLE AGES. Medical science made no remarkable progress during the time of the decline of the Roman Empire and the | period following thereupon. The training of doctors was,"
¥• THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 145 cumstance that his works were not destroyed by the theosophists of the Christian and Islamite eras, filled with rage and brutal fanaticism as they were against the literary memorials of antiquity; but that they were on the contrary carefully preserved and zealously studied and even given wider extension. While the theoretical departments of the study of medicine were doomed to inaction, a prospect of successful scientific effort disclosed itself to practical medical science through the foundation of hospitals. The charitable institutions which Christian philanthropy called into existence afforded opportunities for the observation of diseases and injuries of all kinds and offered facilities to doctors for acquiring education in their art and for amassing experience. To assert that the foundation of public hospitals is exclusively a product of jChristianity is certainly inaccurate. Even the Buddhists, as we have seen, were acquainted with such institutions, and the Iatreia of the Greek physicians and especially those maintained at the public cost, were essentially nothing but public hospitals. The convalescent institutions of the Romans which were fitted up for slaves and soldiers differed from them only in the fact that they were intended for particular classes of the community. The Spaniards on reaching Mexico after the discovery of America, found hospitals there too and even praised them* highly. VlRCHOW is right when he says that " every civilization which humanizes the manners and customs of people up to a certain degree and giyes a more finished form to society, ends by being moved to the foundation of hospitals." t Christianity however deserves the incontestable merit' of having kindled into a clear flame of enthusiasm the sparks of true philanthropy which she found glowing in obscurity. No other religion, no political or social power * PRESCOTT : The conquest of Mexico, London 1863, 2nd Ed., i, p. 26, 169. t" VIRCHOW : Tiber Hospitaler und Lazarethe in seinen gesammelten A.bhand- lungen, Berlin 1879, "> S. 8- L
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« iflfel • ^K^dj B»* • r^rf^X
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Ihr durchstudirt die gross' und kle
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60UECAO JOHN LANE BIBUOTECA/FSftUSP
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vi TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. under a gr
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viii PREFACE. If I have made use of
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X CONTENTS. PAGE 24.2 Teaching in A
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HISTORY OF MEDICAL EDUCATION. INTRO
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INTRODUCTION. 3 by popular supersti
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t*7^*ifca> INTRODUCTION. Universiti
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«•*-*.- '• •- »•*'•' HI
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INDIA. 9 accomplishments of the pra
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INDIA. II man of wisdom and acquire
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.'K. INDIA. take surgery as the fou
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INDIA. 1 5 children or old men, tim
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INDIA. *7 how little importance the
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EGYPT. 19 care of an Egyptian oculi
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EGYPT. 21 this was written in the s
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EGYPT. 23 Anatomical teaching was n
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EGYPT. 25 dignities probably remain
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THE JEWS. 27 were served by those l
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THE JEWS. 29 also a surgeon in addi
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THE JEW'S. 31 appliances * and show
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THE PARSEES. 33 vere acquainted wit
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 35 f
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. spre
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 39 t
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 41
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 43 o
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 45 t
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THE GREEKS BEFORE HIPPOKRATES. 47 a
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THE TIME OF HIPPO*KRATES. 49 •tio
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. multitude
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 53 order t
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 55 after t
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES., to die mu
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 59 into th
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 6l ' The n
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 63 The tyi
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 65 of midw
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 67 The Brj
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 69 him int
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THE TIME OF HIPPOKRATES. 71 over to
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IN ALEXANDRIA. 73 The contact of th
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IN ALEXANDRIA. 75 Academies. In fri
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IN ALEXANDRIA. 77 information, but
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IN ALEXANDRIA. 79 leaders of the Al
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IN ALEXANDRIA. gl Alexandria flouri
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MEDICINE IN ROME. dominion and even
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MEDICINE IN ROME. 85 The increased
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MEDICINE IN ROME. 87 world wide pow
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MEDICINE IN ROME. 89 •cessful res
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MEDICINE IN ROME. 9 r tives, emetic
Page 111 and 112: MEDICINE IN ROME. 93 contain a mult
Page 113 and 114: MEDICINE IN ROME. 9$ ments, GALEN t
Page 115 and 116: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. Greeks an
Page 117 and 118: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. granted t
Page 119 and 120: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. IOI by RU
Page 121 and 122: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. 103 of te
Page 123 and 124: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. 105 endea
Page 125 and 126: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. 107 The W
Page 127 and 128: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. IO9 gave
Page 129 and 130: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. I II ston
Page 131 and 132: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. .113 MART
Page 133 and 134: •:'.i: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME,
Page 135 and 136: MEDICAL TEACHING IN ROME. 117 arous
Page 137 and 138: -* MEDICAL TEACHING-IN ROME. I 19 M
Page 139 and 140: -nf^j/uuiytfuAu-n J.V. ,..i... ftm
Page 141 and 142: THE MEDICAL PROFESSION IN ROME. I 2
Page 143 and 144: THE MEDICAL PROFESSION IN ROME. 125
Page 145 and 146: iiMipHP(iJJ|il. ."T»""P &4. ' THE
Page 153 and 154: A I THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY 1
Page 155 and 156: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY 137 R
Page 157 and 158: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 139/
Page 159 and 160: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 141
Page 161: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY. 143
Page 167 and 168: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY 149,
Page 169 and 170: THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY. the
Page 173 and 174: ARABIAN CIVILIZATION. For the Koran
Page 175 and 176: ARABIAN CIVILIZATION. 157 Antioch a
Page 177 and 178: ARABIAN CIVILIZATION. of HADJI KHAL
Page 179 and 180: ARABIAN CIVILIZATION. l6l first pri
Page 181 and 182: MEDICAL SCIENCE AMONG THE ARABS. as
Page 183 and 184: MEDICAL SCIENCE AMONG THE ARABS. 16
Page 189 and 190: MEDICAL SCIENCE AMONG THE ARABS. I
Page 199 and 200: MEDICAL SCIENCE AMONG THE ARABS. l8
Page 203 and 204: MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. 185 in
Page 205 and 206: MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. municat
Page 207 and 208: MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. 189 Of
Page 209 and 210: MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. 191 boy
Page 211 and 212: MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. medical
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MEDICINE AMONG THE GERMANS. 195 ast
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 197 THE SCHO
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 199 The fame
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 201 faith. A
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 203 function
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 205 of pneum
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 207 passage
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 209 If the d
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THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO. 211 MATTHOUS
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THE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF MONTPELLIER.
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THE MOST ANCIENT ACADEMIES OF ITALY
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THE MOST ANCIENT ACADEMIES OF FRANC
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THE MOST ANCIENT ACADEMIES OF FRANC
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THE OTHER UNIVERSITIES OF EUROPE. 2
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THE TRAINING OF DOCTORS IN GENERAL.
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TEACHING IN ANATOMY. 243 at Dresden
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TEACHING IN ANATOMY 245 in the case
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••*'W" "*"'"' TEACHING IN ANATO
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TEACHING IN ANATOMY. 249 such use o
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PHARMACY AND MEDICAL PRACTICE. 251
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MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS. 26l MEDICAL E
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MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS. 263 by the me
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MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS. means forbidd
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SURGERY AND MIDWIFERY. 267 distingu
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SURGERY AND MIDWIFERY. 269 universi
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SURGERY AND MIDWIFERY. 271 the pati
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SURGERY AND MIDWIFERY. 273 4 the se
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SURGERY AND MIDWIFERY. 275 a rule i
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278 THE MIDDLE AGES. dukes of Savoy
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280 THE MIDDLE; AGES. In Prague in
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282 THE MIDDLE AGES. science and of
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THE MIDDLE AGES." composed a " litt
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286 RECENT TIMES. The suppression o
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288 ... ..RECENT TIMES.; Greek life
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290 RECENT TIMES. influence on othe
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292 RECENT TIMES. the people were a
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294 RECENT TIMES. fruit foi? this p
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296 RECENT TIMES. consistence than
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298 RECENT TIMES. examinations of t
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3°° RECENT TIMES. sequelae which
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302 RECENT TIMES. PARE states that
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304 RECENT TIMES. , after returning
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306 RECENT TIMES'. quacks who often
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3o8 RECENT TIMES. inflammatory dise
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310 RECENT TIMES. cology. Numerous
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3I2 RECENT TIMES. coercive measures
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314 RECENT TIMES. the centre of the
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316 RECENT TIMES. ment, which, on g
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318 RECENT TIMES. k_, r , . - - In
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o2Q RECENT TIMES. ing, manners- and
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322 RECENT TIMES. bere (1593)* At f
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3 2 4 RECENT TIMES. CALCKER, certai
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326 RECENT TIMES. teaching power wa
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328 RECENT TIMES. choose a mode of
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RECENT TIMES. lor of medicine who w
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332 RECENT TIMES. pupils occasional
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334 RECENT TIMES. •I peutics of i
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, # ' 'f 336 RECENT TIMES. _ _ ^ ;
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338 RECENT TIMES. surgeons arose al
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34° RECENT TIMES. with which it co
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342 RECENT TIMES. made important pr
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344 RECENT TIMES. means of chemical
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34 6 RECENT TIMES. quently devoted
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348 RECENT TIMES. time possible, by
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35° RECENT TIMES. carefully and co
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2 RECENT TIMES. 35 vices to physics
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354 RECENT TIMES. from connective t
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356 RECENT TIMES. PIGHI, BELLINI an
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•358 RECENT TIMES. was the first
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360 RECENT TIMES. blood-current, he
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362 RECENT TIMES. the stomach exerc
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3 6 4 RECENT TIMES. the force in qu
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2,66 RECENT TIMES. the sense of tas
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368 RECENT'TIMES. structures arise
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37° RECENT TIMES.*, appearance of
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372 RECENT TIMES. attributed dilata
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374 RECENT TIMES. the changes which
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376 RECENT TIMES. NER and ELSE went
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378 RECENT TIMES. influence on poli
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380 RECENT TIMES. recommended, by w
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382 RECENT TIMES. in their composit
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384 RECENT TIMES. "L'Homme Machine"
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386 RECENT TIMES. important arid va
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388 RECENT TIMES. yearly average am
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39° RECENT TIMES. generally speaki
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39 2 RECENT TIMES. there during the
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394". RECENT TIMES.' of Herborn STE
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396 RECENT TIMES. MEDICAL TEACHING
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398 RECENT TIMES. LI text-book deal
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400 RECENT TIMES. when they had no
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402 RECENT TIMES. faculties, " but
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4°4 RECENT TIMES. was assigned for
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406 RECENT TIMES. DUVERNEY as copie
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RECENT TIMES. tive of pathological
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410 RECENT TIMES. 1710, and of that
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4I2 £** ,,„ RECENT TJMES. ease i
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414 RECENT TIMES. opinion that no o
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416 RECENT TIMES. importance of the
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418 RECENT TIMES. and theoretical l
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420 RECENT TIMES. Royal, body-surge
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422 RECENT TIMES. of operations.* W
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424 RECENT TIMES. The students of t
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426 RECENT TIMES. on this subject:
Page 446 and 447:
428 RECENT TIMES. operation for cat
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430 RECENT TIMES. Already in the 17
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432 RECENT TIMES. nature in the act
Page 452 and 453:
RECENT TIMES. was to give lectures
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436 RECENT TIMES. The curriculum wh
Page 456 and 457:
438 RECENT TIMES. was so great that
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IV.—MEDICAL TEACHING IN MODERN TI
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442 MODERN TIMES. who preached the
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444 MODERN TIMES. the present day h
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446 MODERN TIMES. scopical formatio
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MODERN TIMfiS^S- and wide an intere
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450 MODERN TIMES. rendered the theo
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45 2 MODERN TIMES. not certainly ju
Page 472 and 473:
454 MODERN TIMES. LAVOISIER'S doctr
Page 474 and 475:
456 MODERN TIMES. are manifestation
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458 MODERN TIMES. crafts and indust
Page 478 and 479:
460 MODERN TIMES. heat of bodies, i
Page 480 and 481:
462 MODERN TIMES. logical anatomy,
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464 MODERN TIMES. So too it was inc
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466 MODERN TIMES. branch of learnin
Page 486 and 487:
468 MODERN TIMES. subject still for
Page 488 and 489:
47° MODERN TIMES. Other investigat
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47 2 MODERN TIMES. possible to trac
Page 492 and 493:
474 MODERN TIMES. application of th
Page 494 and 495:
476 MODERN TIMES. The stability and
Page 496 and 497:
478 MODERN TIMES. corporeal lesions
Page 498 and 499:
480 MODERN TIMES. phenomena of the
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482 MODERN TIMES. enriched by the a
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484 ' ••-?c. MODERN TIMES. the
Page 504 and 505:
486 MODERN TIMES. tarsus and at the
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488 MODERN TIMES. Great services we
Page 508 and 509:
49° MODERN TIMES. auscultation of
Page 510 and 511:
492 MODERN TIMES. for ophthalmic pr
Page 512 and 513:
494 MODERN TIMES. health, as the op
Page 514 and 515:
496 MODERN TIMES. 1 **&%, considere
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49§ MODERN TIMES. doctor in France
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MODERN TIMES. it has become more an
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502 MODERN TIMES. privilege of.'hol
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5°4 MODERN TIMES. law, arts and sc
Page 524 and 525:
5° 6 MODERN TIMES. connected with
Page 526 and 527:
^08 MODERN TIMES. dogma dominates t
Page 528 and 529:
510 MODERN TIMES. CAIRN. In 1770 th
Page 530 and 531:
CI 2 MODERN TIMES. .« ' .** •* i
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514 MODERN TIMES. ments of the hosp
Page 534 and 535:
516 MODERN TIMES. examination of pa
Page 536 and 537:
518 MODERN TIMES. anatomy and surge
Page 538 and 539:
520 MODERN TIMES. and therapeutics,
Page 540 and 541:
522 MODERN TIMES. and the Faculty o
Page 542 and 543:
524 MODERN TIMES. examination in ar
Page 544 and 545:
526 MODERN TIMES. Those who desire
Page 546 and 547:
528 MODERN TIM'ES. The formation of
Page 548 and 549:
53° MODERN TIMES. Asylum, in the l
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532 MODERN TIMES. The successful ca
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534 MODERN TIMES. exemplified by a
Page 554 and 555:
53^ *' MODERN TIMES. parental prote
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538 MODERN TIMES. fesseur et la ban
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54° MODERN TIMES. Besides the regu
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54 2 MODERN TIMES. Grand Master sto
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544 MODERN TIMES. preparatoires. Of
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546 MODERN TIMES. year. They are di
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548 MODERN TIMES. dissecting and wa
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550 MODERN TIMES. German gymnasiums
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552 MODERN TIMES. the sciences anci
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-554 MODERN TIMES. sional circles.
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556 MODERN TIMES. I lectures were g
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558 MODERN TIMES. •conformity wit
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560 MODERN TIMES. the administratio
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562 MODERN TIMES. special pathology
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5 6 4 MODERN TIMES. being designate
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566 MODERN TIMES. sultative functio
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568 MODERN TIMES. value to them in
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57° MODERN TIMES. ship at the univ
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572 MODERN TIMES. many of, the crow
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574 MODERN TIMES. requirements of m
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576 MODERN TIMES. the grand duchies
Page 596 and 597:
578 MODERN TIMES. finally the candi
Page 598 and 599:
58o MODERN TIMES. natural sciences
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582 MODERN TIMES. conferred by the
Page 602 and 603:
584 MODERN TIMES. taking part in di
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586 MODERN TIMES. ' * ' >\ ' of whi
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588 MODERN TIMES. made compulsory f
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59° MODERN TIMES. anatomy, physiol
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59 2 MODERN TIMES. supervision of t
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594 MODERN TIMES. answer questions
Page 614 and 615:
6 MODERN TIMES. 59 acted as assista
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598 MODERN TIMES. doubtful whether
Page 618 and 619:
600 MODERN TIMF.S. State universiti
Page 620 and 621:
602 MODERN TIMES. sciences, physics
Page 622 and 623:
604 MODERN TIMES. Whoever approache
Page 624 and 625:
606 MODERN TIMES. being composed in
Page 626 and 627:
608 MODERN TIMES. practical work, a
Page 628 and 629:
6lO MODERN TIMES. The course of stu
Page 630 and 631:
612 MODERN TIMES. To these must be
Page 632 and 633:
614 MODERN TIMES. education. The co
Page 634 and 635:
6l6 MODERN TIMES. previously taught
Page 636 and 637:
6l8 MODERN TIMES. In many countries
Page 638 and 639:
•620 MODERN TIMES. schools of man
Page 640 and 641:
622 MODERN TIMES. matics and the na
Page 642 and 643:
624 MODERN TIMES. opportunities for
Page 644 and 645:
626 MODERN TIMES. they have nothing
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628 MODERN TIMES. Even in Germany a
Page 648 and 649:
630 MODERN TIMES. examiners than pe
Page 650 and 651:
632 MODERN TIMES. is a dangerous th
Page 652 and 653:
634 MODERN TIMES. Differences of op
Page 654 and 655:
636 MODERN TIMES. •unalterable li
Page 656 and 657:
638 INDEX OF NAMES. Asoka, 17. Astr
Page 658 and 659:
640 INDEX OF NAMES. Colombo, R., 29
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642 INDEX Gevicka, Nicolaus de, 235
Page 662 and 663:
644 Krinas, 125- Ktesias, 49. Kiihl
Page 664 and 665:
646 INDEX OF NAMES. Napoleon I., 54
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648 INDEX OF NAMES. Salimbeni, 244.
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• 6 •j *"!•' . "F 5 ..VlIDEXQ
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ORIENTAÇÕES PARA O USO Esta é um
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