0"T' LAERT> "! - USP

332 RECENT TIMES.
pupils occasionally to the bedsides of their patients provided
that the latter were not annoyed by such a proceeding. In
Basel, the medical officer of the town, who also held the .
appointment of teacher of practical medicine and was head
of the town hospital, was bound to afford the students of
medicine access to this hospital and to demonstrate to
them the patients who were being treated there* In,
Paris the bachelors of medicine were allowed to engage in
practice under the supervision and as the representatives
of the members of the faculty.f
But there was no systematic introduction to the treat- i
ment of the sick; this want could not be supplied by
occasional observations and casual experiences. Not only
the doctors, as for example, the Swedish court-physician
W. LEMNius,J y saw this, but intelligent laymen as well.j
The philosopher P. RAMUS in 1562 in a letter to CHARLES ,
IX. of France, in which he proposed various reforms in the
system of education, asked that institutions should be
arranged for clinical teaching.§ This idea had already at
that time been carried into effect, namely in Padua.
GIAMBATTISTA DA MONTE (MONTANUS), who taught there
at the same time as VESALIUS, is said to have employed the
clinical method of teaching as early as the year 1543d!
But after his death in 1551 this arrangement ceased and
was only renewed in 1578. About this time the professors
ALBERTINO BOTTONI and MARCO ODDO—of whom one
conducted the division for men and the other that for
women in the hospital of St. Franciscus—began to give.
* O. BECKER : Zur Geschichte der medicin. Facultat in Heidelberg, 1876.—
A. v. KOLLIKER: Zur Geschichte der medicin. Facultat in Wiirzburg, 1871.—
F. MIESCHER : Die medicin. Facultat in Basel, i860, S. 32 et seq.—W. VISCHER:
Gesch. d. Univ. Basel, Basel i860.
f PINET op. cit. and PUYTON op. cit. Art. 59.
X P. FRANK op cit. vi, 2, S. 189.
§ CH. JOURDAIN: Histoiie de 1'university de Paris au 17 et au 18 siecle,
Paris 1862-66, T. i, p. 3.
|| G. CERVETTO: Di Giambattista da Monte e della medicina italiana nel
secolo xvi, Verona 1839, p. 51.