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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY.
years received valuable contributions to its subject matter
and by its connection with the history of development and
with comparative anatomy has become of much deeper
scientific import.
Osteology was in its macroscopical aspect brought to a
state of comparative completeness. SOEMMERING sought
to lay down the lines of an ideal female skeleton just as
S. ALBINUS had done in the case of the male skeleton; he
employed for this purpose the corpse of a wonderfully
beautiful maiden of twenty years of age who had lived at
Mainz, .and which had been handed over to the anatomical
institution ; he compared this body with the consummate
proportions of antique statuary just as ALBINUS had
based his portraiture on the form of the Belvedere
APOLLO*
In myology care was taken to observe the origin and
insertion of muscles, their relative positions and their
participation in the structure of particular parts of the
' body, and the occurrence of any varieties.
(, The subject of the vessels and nerves was most in need
of improved teaching. The former were successfully
•* worked at by MASCAGNI, G. BRESCHET, J. and C. BELL,
TlEDEMANN, BERRES, V- FOHMANN and others : the most
important progress made in the knowledge of the latter
was due to ANTONIO SCARPA who was the first to describe
• the naso-palatine nerve and who gave fresh information
on the course of the cranial nerves and on the structure of
nerves and of the sense organs; to CHARLES BELL who
published a comprehensive description of the brain and
the nervous system ; to EMIL HUSCHKE and BENEDICT
STILLING whose wonderful labours upon the fasciculation
of the brain and spinal cord formed the starting point for
the more recent investigations on these parts.
The researches into the minuter structure of different
parts of the body led to the foundation by BlCHAT of a new
* RUD. WAGNER : Soemmerings Leben und Verkehr mit seinen Zeitgenossen,
.Leipzig 1844, ii/ 59.
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