0"T' LAERT> "! - USP

388
RECENT TIMES.
yearly average amounting to little more than four students
in all the faculties put together; not till 1718 did it once
more raise itself from this depressed condition, when under
the French rule political circumstances assumed a peaceful
aspect* The University of Altdorf arose in a similar
manner in 1622 in the district of the imperial free-town of
Niirnberg.f The gymnasium at Bremen also resembled an
academy; and a professorship of medicine was founded
there in 1610. A similar character was borne by, the
higher educational establishments at Steinfurt and at
Neustadt on the Haardt, that at the former of these towns
being intended for the Grafschaft of Bentheim-Tecklenburg,
and that at the latter for the Palatinate. Those at Hanau
and Lingen also resembled universities. At Duisberg a
university arose in 1655 and one at Kiel in 1665. The
academy at Dorpat owed its foundation in 1632 to King
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, of Sweden ; but it existed only a
few decades and did not awake to renewed life until 1802.
The system of higher education in the Catholic states of
Germany came by degrees completely into the hands of
the Jesuits. Several new institutions, founded at the
instance of this Order, were, even if they received the
rights of a university, essentially only spiritual seminaries.
Thus there arose at Molsheim, in Elsass (Alsace), a
Jesuitical gymnasium which, in 1617, was raised by the
Pope into a university: this in 1702 was transferred to
Strassburg and united with the high school at that place.
At the same time the cathedral school at Paderborn acquired
the character of a university ; the same happened to the
cathedral school at Osnabriick. The academy founded in
1647 at Bamberg gradually developed in like manner into a
complete university. In 1734 the Jesuitical gymnasium at
Fulda was also raised into a university, while the cathedral
school at Miinster did not attain this dignity until 1780.
* F. WIEGER : Geschichte der Medicin in Strassburg, 1885, S. 71.
f G. A. WILLIS: Geschichte und Beschreibung der Universitat Altdorf,
Altdorf 1795 J