0"T' LAERT> "! - USP

6 • * INTRODUCTION. •
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wbich" represent the contests of .medical science, and while
-^bearing" indisputable testiagnofty to. the state of medicine at
different .periQdggiy-e.^direetion^form, and completeness to
thejiistory of the science,, The form and method of medical
, • £ea,ching were^eg_ial§ted.as imiach bythe general condition
pf^ivihz.atibn at any given time as by the particular position
of medical science. ,TKe age .of scholasticism demanded •
•; that medical, theories brought forward in the lecture-rooms i
.should be in accordance with the , dictates of the ruling."
.authorit-ips;* so also the^following periods were satisfied
with formal theses, historical and theoretical; and only in
the seveeteentH century did,,the observation of Nature and'
H-* independent investigation advance into 1 '- the foreground.
v ;With-the _awakening of the Natural-Sciences, especially
,-, Chemistry ,an^ Physics, with the foundation of schools of
",t^natomy where students had the opportunity of dissectfcg
:the;huma,n-fblody, with the introduction of clinical teaching
••: in to','appropriate hospitals and the inducement of students
tp undertake private independent work, a complete revolution*
was "brought about iri medicab education. Practical
u. demonstrations and experiments^ which had hitherto^bee?'
.•' either altogether wanting, or n^4£e1i
permitted, formed now an essential part^of medicaTtra^
Xing, ' In this way it obtained that broad foundation**whicn
. 'is so indispensable foe a harmonious structure in thtr^duW.
. tibr^ of doctors *and by these means the lattef fee'ca^ne",
. .fjtted both for the practice of their art and also for scientific/
V investigation.