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374
RECENT TIMES.
the changes which the drugs bring about in the stomach,
the blood and the different organs. This suggestion was
carried out by WEPFER and, to a greater length afterwards,
by A. STORCK: they performed numerous pharmacodynamical
experiments with various medicinal substances*
TJnder the influence of the discovery of the circulation of
the blood, the first attempts were made to inject medicines
into the veins as well as to replace great loss of blood by
transfusion.t But the unfortunate results of these operations
which depended partly upon the indifferent appliances
and instruments used in performing them soon brought
intravenous injections and transfusion into discredit and by
degrees into oblivion, C. STALPERT VAN DER WiEL
already made use'of a kind of oesophageal tube for artificial
feeding.^ BENNET advanced special therapeutics by recommending
inhalations in phthisis ;§ DOL/EUS by ordering
milk diet in gout; and EDW. BAYNARD and J. FLOYER
by causing patients suffering from high fever to be
immersed in cold water. The two HAHNS, BRANDIS and
CURR1E recommended that cold water should be poured
over patients with typhus and thus gave a stimulus to the
progress of hydro-therapeutics, while the curative employment
of baths was placed on a firm basis by R. BOYLE and
F. HOFFMANN.
Surgery made less progress than the other branches
of medicine during the 17th century. This was caused
partly by the fact that the most gifted representatives of
medical science turned their attention by preference to
chemical and physical investigations which then promised
great results, and also to physiology and microscopical
anatomy ; partly by the continually increasing separation
between internal medicine and surgery, in consequence of
* PUSCHMANN op. cit. S. 35 et seq.
f P. SCHEEL: Die Transfusion des Blutes und Einspritzung in die Adern,
Kopenhagen 1802.—DIEFFEN BACH in RUST'S Handworterbuch, Berlin 1838.
X STALP. v. D. WIEL : Observat. rar. cent, ii, 27 and KRUL in the Weekbl. v.
h. Nederl. Tijdschr. v. Geneesk, 1883, No. 47.
§ CUR. BENNET: Tabidorum theatrum, Lugd. Bat. 1714, Cap. 28.