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LAS RAZONES DEL DERECHO Teo rías de la ar gu men ta ción ju rí di ca

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104 MANUEL ATIENZA<br />

expresivos, <strong>la</strong> <strong>de</strong>mostra<strong>ción</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> transp<strong>ar</strong>encia <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s autopresen<strong>ta</strong>ciones;<br />

y <strong>la</strong> funda<strong>men</strong><strong>ta</strong><strong>ción</strong> <strong>de</strong> enunciados expli<strong>ca</strong>tivos, <strong>la</strong> <strong>de</strong>mostra<strong>ción</strong> <strong>de</strong> que<br />

<strong>la</strong>s expresiones simbóli<strong>ca</strong>s han sido correc<strong>ta</strong><strong>men</strong>te generadas. El sentido <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>la</strong>s correspon<strong>di</strong>entes pretensiones <strong>de</strong> vali<strong>de</strong>z <strong>di</strong>ferenciadas pue<strong>de</strong> entonces<br />

explicit<strong>ar</strong>se especifi<strong>ca</strong>ndo en términos <strong>de</strong> lógi<strong>ca</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>ar</strong><strong>gu</strong><strong>men</strong><strong>ta</strong><strong>ción</strong> <strong>la</strong>s<br />

con<strong>di</strong>ciones bajo <strong>la</strong>s que pue<strong>de</strong> hacerse en <strong>ca</strong>da <strong>ca</strong>so semejante <strong>de</strong>mostra<strong>ción</strong><br />

(ibi<strong>de</strong>m, pp. 65 y 66).<br />

En consecuencia, Habermas <strong>di</strong>stin<strong>gu</strong>e <strong>la</strong>s si<strong>gu</strong>ientes formas <strong>de</strong> <strong>ar</strong><strong>gu</strong><strong>men</strong><strong>ta</strong><strong>ción</strong>:<br />

el <strong>di</strong>scurso teórico, el <strong>di</strong>scurso práctico, <strong>la</strong> c<strong>rí</strong>ti<strong>ca</strong> estéti<strong>ca</strong>, <strong>la</strong><br />

c<strong>rí</strong>ti<strong>ca</strong> terapéuti<strong>ca</strong> y el <strong>di</strong>scurso expli<strong>ca</strong>tivo. En un próximo <strong>ca</strong>pítulo, al<br />

ocup<strong>ar</strong>me <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> teo<strong>rí</strong>a <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>ar</strong><strong>gu</strong><strong>men</strong><strong>ta</strong><strong>ción</strong> <strong>ju</strong><strong>rí</strong><strong>di</strong><strong>ca</strong> <strong>de</strong> Alexy, mostr<strong>ar</strong>é en<br />

qué consiste es<strong>ta</strong> lógi<strong>ca</strong> <strong>de</strong>l <strong>di</strong>scurso práctico.

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