BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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ime Lieu, (3) dat &Jac muc tieu trung binh, (4) dat dt.tac muc tieu clang lie va (5) hoan thanh muc tieu'. Sp danh gia caa khach hang cling co the dies dat trong mat bai vigt ve lien bo ma khach hang thgy có trong to van, bai vigt nay c6 the c6 ca nhat Id vg nlAng viec xay ra vdi khach hang trong qua trinh to v6n va nhung thay del tich cue ma khach hang thay minh c6 dttac trong cuac song. Mat nguein danh gia Mia la cac thanh vien gia dinh hay ban be cim khach hang. Nhan vien CTXH trao d6i vOi khach hang chi trong khoang mat gia moi tuAn. Cac thanh viers gia dinh va ban be noi chung danh nhigu thai gian vdi khach hang bon, doi khi tdi 20 gia m61 tuAn hay nhigu hon. Ho co dieu kien tot hdn nhigu danh gia su tign b'a cua khach hang so vdi ngudi can ba. Cac thanh vien gia dinh Nth' ban be trao d6i vdi khach hang trong rat nhigu hoan canh khac nhau, c6 the a nha, not lam viec, a nha tha, hay la mat cha nhan mai khach dgn choi nha. Ngu ngudi can bo su dung thanh vien gia dinh va ban be khach hang trong qua trinh danh gia, nen co su clang g throe da khach hang. Trong viec danh gia nhang tign ba ma khach hang da dat dttac, thanh vien gia dinh va ban be c6 the trA loi có hoac chua dat dude muc lieu hose su dung thang diem 5 mile da to mo hinh Lgy nhiem vu lam trung tam. Su danh gia cna ha ding c6 the la mat bai vigt me to nhung thay dei tich cue ma ho thay khach hang da dat &lac trong cu'ac song. Ngdai nhan vien CTXH ding nen la mat phan cua qua trinh danh gia. Mac clau ho cho rang ho khach quan hdn khach hang trong danh gia muc da thanh Gong caa viec dat duac muc tieu, cac nhan vien CTXH van c6 mat quygn loi Cu the trong kgt qua to va-n. Nhan vien CTXH mugn tin rang ho da g6p phan tao ra nhang thay del tich cue trong he thong cuac song khach hang dm ho. Gigng nInt su danh gia cua khach hang, su danh gia cis nhan vien CTXH cling la cha quan va c6 the c6 thien kign. Du vay, nhan vien CTXH &Ong mat vai tre quan trong trong qua trinh danh gia. C6 1f luan rang vi nhan wen CTXH da c6 nhigu na'm dude dao tao va co kinh nghiem, ho dude chuaM bi tot hOn de dua ra mat danh gia chinh xac vg nhang lien bQ ma khach hang (la dat dude trong to van. Li luan nay c6 the la dung, mac Reid, W. 1. & Epstein. L. (1972). Task-centered casework. New York Columbia University Press. 123
dau su danh gin dia ho van mang tinh chu quan hay it nhat la co doi chdt tinh chU quan. Khi tra lot lieu cac muc tieu to van da dat duoc hay chtta, nhan vien CTXH có the tra lei da hoac chua giang nhu khach hang va cac thanh vien gia dinh va ban be hoac sit dung wing met thang didm 5 mac do v6 hoan thanh muc tieu nhu da neu a Iran. Nhung cong cu chuan hod cting thLtang duet su dung de" danh gia muc dO thanh cong ciaa vtee dat dude cac muc Lieu to van. Trong khi vies danh gia cua khach hang, thanh vien gia dinh va ban be cim khAch hang, nhan vien CTXH có thd la chi' quan, ski danh gia khi sit dung cac tong cu chuan hod dude cho la khAch quan va it Chien ]den hon vi chuag chive xay dUng de có de tin cay va gia tri cao hen cac do Wang khach quan. Do gia tri la met khdi niem do Wong dam bao rang ban da do dude chat luring va dac tinh ma ban tin rang ban dang do, con do tin cay IA nhiing ling dung lap lai ciia cong cu cho ding met ket qua'. Cac tong Cu chuan hoa dude sii dung trong danh gia mac de hohn thank]. inue Lieu nen co he s6 do de tin cay va do gia tri va chap nhan duoc. Hang tram cling cu chuan hoA da duoc xay dung a do rat nhiau nhCing dac tinh khac nhan nhu su hai Ring, do to tin, dO thoa man hOn nhan, de thoa man tinh due va quan he gia dinh. Be troll g6i Do luring Lean slings da three cac nhan vier, CTXH sii dung lion 20 nam vi no co 9 cling cu chuan hod co the sit dung de do luting cac mac de" dat dude cila muc tieu to van. Ca 9 ding cu duet tinh didm don gian va bao gem nhUng thang didm lech chuan va trung vi nhu nhau. Met trong chin cong cu do IA Thang diem Hai king Tong quest, do lifting cac mite do hanh phtic va burin ran khan nhau. Dues titan thang diem tit 1 din 100, cac diem trung binh hoac trung vi tren danh muc IA 30 vdi dim lech chuan IA 5. Neu 1000 khAch hang hoan thanh danh muc nay, khoang 68% se ghi diem tit 25 d6n 35, 95% ghi diem tit 20 den 40, va 98% diem tii 15 den 45. Diem 30 hoac it lion tren thang diem có nghia la khAch hang hai long hoac hanh philc, diem 50 cho biet cac mac do tram cam khac nhau 3. Cac thang diem tren 70 cho thay tram cam Rubin, A., & Babbie, E. (2001). Research methods for social work (4 th ed.). Belmont CA: Wadsworth. 124 2 Hudson. W. B. (1982). The clinical measurement package. Home wood, IL: Dorsey. Corcoran, K., & Fischer, J. (1994). Measures for cllinical practice: A source book (2 91 ed.) New York: Free Press.
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DAI HQC DAN LAP THANG LONG BAI GIAN
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myc Lyc Lèln6i4u 5 Lai moat/ 7 Chu
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6 Chung toi hi vong rang khi cu6n s
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8 nang xac dinh van de caa del Wong
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Khong chii Si rang nghe Nghia la ng
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Giong mai Giong noi nen phii hdp vo
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loan tam li, tang thang, met mOi tr
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5. Mat nhin-tiep xbc qua anh mat, n
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clang tim giai phap cho van de va k
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Clip di;, 2: Ban dang cam thgy that
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8. Met co be 12 tuth bi anh trai qu
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1. Khach hang: Gan day tai cam thgy
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9. Khach hang: Chgng tea co van de
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cang da tang trai qua nhung dieu Wo
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Khi nhan vien CTXH nghe eau chuyen
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• Nen dat cau hOi tap trung vao n
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3. Khach hang: "Anh ta sa vao nhung
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Cau hOi theo trial hoc Socrat "Khon
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thong tin vg met chu diem cu the de
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Cau hai dank gia de khach hang din
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Ban danh gib mOc dO hobn thanh nhil
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Cau tra lei cam thong matt: Ban dan
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Cau tra Itli quan tam tich cite mal
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Can tra ldi quan tam tich ciic ma.u
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4. Benh nhan noi trn nam trong trai
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Citu hal lam sang to van de: Anh ma
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17. MOt ngtieti ta nang thon ra ThU
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+ Van ban xac dinh tinh trang caa k
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mat thcii dO it than thtinh, cat ma
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Ngu6n got chinh xac cua the yeti t6
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NOi Ivo Su thgp kern Su but bOi S2f
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64 1. Can be nay dang d giai doan n
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• de kgt hop sieu ca nhan ma khac
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mei truang 'et/ nhien caa ngtiai do
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• Nhang mang Judi quan he hien Mi
Page 71 and 72: • Cho rang co the doe &toe suy ng
Page 73 and 74: M6 hinh danh gia dua hen cac thirn?
Page 75 and 76: lap chile nang va Huang thanh tgt n
Page 77 and 78: 6.sa dung cach danh gia nham ttm ra
Page 79 and 80: True III nham the hien bat ki dieu
Page 81 and 82: • Tim hieu xem lieu co su rgi loa
Page 83 and 84: throng nhu nghe chang hop 1f lam, n
Page 85 and 86: nghien eau va thaang xuyen Wide cac
Page 87 and 88: TOM TAT Chuang nay gidi thieu cho n
Page 89 and 90: nhien nen nhan vien CTXH the hien d
Page 91 and 92: tigp tut tra phi tu van có nghia l
Page 93 and 94: 6 có the gap khO khan trong khi gi
Page 95 and 96: cu6n each mang ten "Nghien ads &fa
Page 97 and 98: them met se- bueb nth. Bien phap ga
Page 99 and 100: 3. Cac &Mc hAnh deng hoac cac nhiem
Page 101 and 102: 3. Cac ygu t6 ben ngoai có the anh
Page 103 and 104: Van de ye gia dinh la met van de kh
Page 105 and 106: qua trinh to van. Vi du muc lieu da
Page 107 and 108: nguai khde va tap trung vao hAnh vi
Page 109 and 110: can phai dUcic lam re hdn de co the
Page 111 and 112: Trong cu .& "Bai tap thuc hanh tong
Page 113 and 114: Co rat nhigu mo hinh day each giao
Page 115 and 116: chuyen voi. Vi du trong suet butii
Page 117 and 118: Cac aging diep "toi" khOng dg 16i,
Page 119 and 120: cam thgy digu ma ban dai cam thay.
Page 121: Cac mue tieu to van can cu thd va r
Page 125 and 126: thoa man trong hen nhan, Chi s6 Tho
Page 127 and 128: TOM TAT ChuOng nay tap trung vao qu
Page 129 and 130: gio-ng nhau. Dieu cot yeu nhal cua
Page 131 and 132: 4. Phan anh dya tren tinh hitting c
Page 133 and 134: i rei loan se tang rei loan hOn neu
Page 135 and 136: Kithuat tang curing ban nga Duct tr
Page 137 and 138: Buac hai caa qua trinh la tao ra ma
Page 139 and 140: Rimm va Masters (1974) da dua ra me
Page 141 and 142: ttdc mall de gifi tri bang 10 diem
Page 143 and 144: ngoi tntec may vi tinh chdi tro chd
Page 145 and 146: KT thuat sir dung quan he sang tac
Page 147 and 148: C: nhung ket qua lie cam giac va ha
Page 149 and 150: can co them kinh nghiem vg thi cit"
Page 151 and 152: Kith* xe-p hang sythanh thao va tho
Page 153 and 154: "Li thuyet nen tang cua liOu phap 1
Page 155 and 156: chicle thigt lap gitta nhan vien CT
Page 157 and 158: 5. Tao ranh glad 6. Tao bat can ban
Page 159 and 160: de hei one thanh vien gia dinh ye 5
Page 161 and 162: To bgt can bang (bat toting xting)
Page 163 and 164: KT thuat ma to yin dg De Jong va Be
Page 165 and 166: lam viec gi khac biet khOng?" hoac
Page 167 and 168: khang thgy. Digm math chgt a day la
Page 169 and 170: h6a khac nhau. Tam yen P6 nay bao g
Page 171 and 172: Ch uang 5 PHAT TRIEN KT NANG D61 PH
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nghiep dude trubng nay!", thi khach
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Trong dot digu tri ba, khaeh hang v
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Bai tp ta la nguy cd th \lc su vdi
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nhdc dinh to tit. Khach hang c6 ngu
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Theo Lewis uez dthzg szt (2002): "K
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Murphy —"n6u co gi co the sai lam
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dich dieu tri la chi ra rang khach
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Hanh vi higu chign thuang dude boc
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Lange va Jakubowski (1976) thao lua
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Stt kien dinh ve cai tot. Su kien d
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clai eang hadng dan the ma tit nhan
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hai ben cai ma hon vdi nhau, ea hai
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1. Cai thien mtil quan he ciTa ban
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1. Hay danh vai phut de can nhac xe
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Jerry, ... tai ninon anh hit that M
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3. Nhung su kien kinh nien nhung kh
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giai doan the ha nay, su cang thing
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"dgu hieu ctinh bao Om" c6 the dace
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Bich vu tham ven". Nhieu nguai ehon
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cua moi ngudi va nen dude chgp then
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Chuang 6 THVC HANH PHAT HUY NQI LUC
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7. Hay kien nhan vi ski Lisp sac ci
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each not vg nhung (lieu ma ho da di
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3. Phai gig dinh rang ban kh6ng the
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Phai c6 trach nhipm tgi khach hang
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cling -nhu Id nang ma nhan vien CTX
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Trail hanh can thi4p Qua trinh can
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Lu8n phai xem xet m6i quan he this
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3. Hay tan ra nhung Iniac en the de
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met eau chuyen mai bang each suy ng
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song vg nhan each, y thitc, deng ly
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cua phu nu, b6 qua nhung digu nay l
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Phat huy th6 manh cho khach hang la
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4. Chu trong van dac diem rieng bie
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Cong tat vdi cac gia dinh la float
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Cac ranh gidi Cac ranh gioi la nhun
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Cac mii hinh doe nhet Cac mo hinh d
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nha tri lieu c6 the three xem la e6
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Chdng nao nha tri lieu gia dinh cli
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phan lan cua moi tong tae that hAnh
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ean phai tip xuc lan (tau vdi gia d
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trinh bay va chap nhan quan diem ca
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dinh. Viet ghi chu cac he thong con
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dinh. Co the la ve met tran cid bon
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Viec danh gia cac tinh hudng gia di
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Re rang la yang dai ca lne nao do d
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Trong qua trinh danh gia , c6 the l
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khac &Ong met vai trO quan trong la
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10. Moi nen van hon deu coi trong t
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Vi du nhan vien CTXH co the bat dau
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tre, met trai, met gai. Cac throng
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Cac qua trinh va phdang phap Thuc t
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uong ruou ciia minh có anh huang d
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Cac can nhac vg van boa la nhiing y
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nam va n3, va cac trung tam cong de
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Me hinh chila benh nhan manh vao sV
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thlic va d6i eau" va "khuyen khich
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Sau giai down lam viec met minh, ng
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ThUeng thi torn tat nay se dude vig
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3. Nhom phat trien uttoc thigt 1(6
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• Lam viec cai ma vai cac nei lo
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Met phtiOng phap lam tan bang la ch
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Ki thun't giai quygt bat d6ng: Khi
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Giai doan au Giai doan dau la thdi
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chile c6 the hia chon nhung nguai c
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nay e6 the la not quy ve phuong pha
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ca nhan trong khi khep lai nhung le
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khong tinh nguyen, cac thanh vien t
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viec ma se de cap den nO trgc tip t
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(3) met thai ki cuel trong do sp ta
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nghe. Nhan vien CTXH cling co the g
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Twang hop 8.1 Giai down giCia trong
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• Cac thanh vien &No h6 trd trong
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Chuang 9 CAN THI1P VAO CAC HE THONG
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Cac rao can vat chit Viec phat hien
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dieu tri cai nghien, nhang ngtibi m
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va de dung gia dinh re (Ping, 2002)
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Doi khi quy trinh nay la true tiep,
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Thief Igp muc tier hap li Trong qua
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Cot trash nhiem chi ra ngudi chin t
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Gain, sat va danh gia lal Met budc
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Cac nguyen tee ego chic trong twang
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clang hanh lang cho met chinh kien.
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Met han chg vg dao difc mita lien q
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nhat di thuyet phuc? Ca nhan nay se
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can tra la mgt vi du. "Tei khOng ca
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deng phap H, viec dua ra tong luan)
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Hoat dong di kern voi cac hanh deng
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thong tin, phan tich du lieu, chia
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an giam et& hay nhfing ki nang khac
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vu phi hop vdi von de. Can can nhac
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giam d6c va van dua ra cac thong ti
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Chucrig 10 KIEN THOC VA KT NANG DAN
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hoa eke ket qua cho bat cu ca nhan
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qua dOi hOi chting ta phai dap Ung
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Cac thiet ke . AB D6 hieu Wide the
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HiNH 10.2. Vi du vg thigt ke B Cac
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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6 5 4 r 3 2 z 1 0 ,0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
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nheing ding cu do goi la thang diem
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Dam manh va didm yea coa danh gia b
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(Xing nhu cac phuong phap khae, tha
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chung, nhang nghien cau nay bao gai
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cac xu huOng hoac cac me hinh có t
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Cac thiet k6 nhom throe Ring a ta r
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E ^. 0.) 40 • 35 30 25 • ♦ Ca
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an luyen nhOm da kgt auk. Diem caa
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chuong trinh vol tarn thanh vien. C
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trade va sau, met sg hoac tat ea ca
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Cac bie'n phu thuOc khac nhau: Hai
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Float deng danh gia nen dupe gan bo
Page 395 and 396:
z TOM TAT Chtidng nay dua ra dinh n
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16. Canda, E. R. & Furman, L. D. (1
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46. Gorey, K. M., Leslie, D. R., Mo
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74. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory
Page 403 and 404:
103. Preston. J. (1998). Integrativ
Page 405 and 406:
132. Sherman, A. (1973). Behavior m
Page 407:
Chin trcich nhienz xulit bcin: Giam
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