BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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"tiic gian", nhung phu nil nay throng nhan thay he. bi do mat len, nhip tim tang len, nhung kith dOng thong thuang, c6 nhung con dau dau, rung lac, nghign chat rang, khong ngu dive. to duy am anh. Tinh hu6ng khien ho thay "rat tic gian" hay "We gian" bao gem viec dea mat vdi can be quan gido, vdi nhung deng pham, met cuee cai nhan vdi ban hoac nguai than trong met Mn tham vigng, khi khong co ai den tham hay khong c6 Hut tit, viec Inc soat trong nguc, cong viec hi to nhan khac truygn cho. Khi cat na to nhan dude hOi la ho da lam gi de" kiem soot chide con the gian, hau het deu noi rang ho 136 ra khiquang canh xung dot tang sem tang tot va c6 gang binh tinh tra lai a khu viekhac trong nha ti. Rat nhigu nu to nhan khong thoat ra dude quang canh xung (let thi da sit' dung bai tap hit tha va chitin Jude W duy de kiem soot con tie gian. Met nil ti nhan da noi "Tai vg phong va to trach da de cho em ho cia minh treu choc. Sau d6 cuoi pha len". Chu)* hoang &Ong vg con tac gian Alberti va Emonons (2001) than luau bOn chuyen hoang dtiang tang có vg ski tile gian. Chuyen hoang claang 1: Tire gign lit met hitnh vi. Tic gian ban chat khong phai khong phai la met hanh vi. NO la met earn giac, met tinh cam. Tie gian khong giOng vdi stfi hung hang. Bai nhUng cam giac tic gian thttang bi nham Ian vol nhigu hanh vi gay su. Rat nhigu nguai thay kh6 xi li thich clang kieu tinh cam to nhien rat con nguai nay. Neu ai do bao "Tai thong bao gia biet tic gian ca", ngttai do da nham. Moi nguai den tic gian. Tuy nhien có met s6 nguei rat giOi trong viec the giau con tic gian. Khi ho tic gian ho khong tong khai the hien earn gide cia minh. Thay van do, ho tim den nhung each khOng tieu cue de xi li con We gian cia ho. Khi ho hoc kiem soat con -Lite gian ho cling hoc each kiem soat cat hanh vi gay st/ co the xuat hien sau khi eon thinh no bung phat. Dieu then ch6t trong kiem soat tic gian la hoc each x& 11 hop 11 Min vdi con the gian do. Chuyen hoang &tang 2: Ban nen bigt sd cdn thinh no cita chinh minh. The gian IA mot trong nhiing tinh cam kh6 the hien nhat bai ng-ttai to thuang khuyen khich ho chOn yin no xiang. Vai nom sau khi ai do khuy'en khich ho bee to no ra, ho lai sd rang con thinh no caa minh cO the gay hal nghiem trong cho nguai khac. Ho ti'ep tut chin dung ski im lang vi sd lam ten thuong nhiing ngttai khac. Trong khi nguai gian du im lang, nguai kia flap tut hoat Ong theo each lam hang quan he. Cho tOi khi ca 196
hai ben cai ma hon vdi nhau, ea hai mdi thA'y ho giai (my& dude van de tot nha:t. MOt phan quan trong ciaa vi'ec kiem soat the gian la bee le tic gian va no tong khai, than thanh. Chuyen hoang /Wang 3: NOi hdi con nguti. Trong nhteu nam, tong chting deu da tin vao chuyen hoang during 'am cua Freud do 1a tinh cam con ngttai nhu cai ndi hdi. Khi nhfing tinh cam quyet liet Ion len ben trong met con nguai, di& quan trong la nhung cam giac do phai ckalc giai tda trudc khi ngttai do bung phat ra bang nhung hanh vi gay teal hat Nhung pheo Klan suy v6 cai ndi hdi thi sai. CM thkic su xay ra IA nhung su kien gay but minh dude km tail met hie nao do vao ngan hang tri nhd caa chting ta. Khi met su kien Cu the throe ghi nhd, su gian du di kern Nail no cang dude ghi nhd. Dieu tut gian met ngtfoi trai qua khong phai la tong s6 nhting trai nghiem Ittu trt trong ngan hang tri nhd, ma chi la cai trai nghiem Cu the. Tile gian khong tich luy IM. Thay vao d6, the gian lien hdi vdi met tinh hu6ng, dia diem va thai gian cu the nao do! Chuyen hoang &tang 4: Viet xa gian tat cho sue khOe ena ben. Nhung nguoi nghien ctiu ve tut gian den khOng c6 li khi ho thao luan ye gia tri ciaa nhCing cam gide duct xa gian. Trong khi met s6 tin rang viec xa: gian IA met Phan thiet you giai guy& su tut gian, cac nha nghien cUu khac thing tinh rang viec xa gian chi lam tang edn tut gian. Nhung nguoi nay tin rang viec xa gian bang each dam vac) gei hay het len tut tiu chi khuyen khich nguoi ta xu li con the glen met each hung hang hon. Theo Alberti va Emmons (2001), "Chung ed tot nhat va can k6 nhat sing he no ret quan diem cho rang earn gide duoc xa gian la hdi chUng tam li khong khOe manh". Cacti the hien ski aux dich ra bang tay than chang giai (my& dude va'n de. Carol Tavris da chi ra nhung chuyen hoang &tang nhO hon minh hoa cho Chuyen hoang dtiang nay. Chuyen hoang during 1: Hung hang la ski phAn chgn ro ret cua [tic gian. Time te: su hung hang la met that quen tim den RI phah chgn. Chuyen hoang &thing 2: Viet nOi ra dtiqe con tUe gian giGp giai quyett dude tiie gian. nue te: ski the hien ding khai co the lam tap trung hay tham chi lam tang su t&e gian. Chuyen hoang &tang 3: Gin thinh ne la nhting the hien Oh gian lanh manh. Thkic t6: Thkic to ra con thinh no, neu bi bao oan, se day cho met due tre pinking phep khong ch6 ngttei khac. 197
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DAI HQC DAN LAP THANG LONG BAI GIAN
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myc Lyc Lèln6i4u 5 Lai moat/ 7 Chu
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6 Chung toi hi vong rang khi cu6n s
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8 nang xac dinh van de caa del Wong
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Khong chii Si rang nghe Nghia la ng
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Giong mai Giong noi nen phii hdp vo
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loan tam li, tang thang, met mOi tr
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5. Mat nhin-tiep xbc qua anh mat, n
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clang tim giai phap cho van de va k
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Clip di;, 2: Ban dang cam thgy that
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8. Met co be 12 tuth bi anh trai qu
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1. Khach hang: Gan day tai cam thgy
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9. Khach hang: Chgng tea co van de
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cang da tang trai qua nhung dieu Wo
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Khi nhan vien CTXH nghe eau chuyen
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• Nen dat cau hOi tap trung vao n
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3. Khach hang: "Anh ta sa vao nhung
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Cau hOi theo trial hoc Socrat "Khon
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thong tin vg met chu diem cu the de
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Cau hai dank gia de khach hang din
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Ban danh gib mOc dO hobn thanh nhil
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Cau tra lei cam thong matt: Ban dan
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Cau tra Itli quan tam tich cite mal
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Can tra ldi quan tam tich ciic ma.u
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4. Benh nhan noi trn nam trong trai
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Citu hal lam sang to van de: Anh ma
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17. MOt ngtieti ta nang thon ra ThU
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+ Van ban xac dinh tinh trang caa k
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mat thcii dO it than thtinh, cat ma
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Ngu6n got chinh xac cua the yeti t6
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NOi Ivo Su thgp kern Su but bOi S2f
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64 1. Can be nay dang d giai doan n
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• de kgt hop sieu ca nhan ma khac
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mei truang 'et/ nhien caa ngtiai do
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• Nhang mang Judi quan he hien Mi
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• Cho rang co the doe &toe suy ng
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M6 hinh danh gia dua hen cac thirn?
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lap chile nang va Huang thanh tgt n
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6.sa dung cach danh gia nham ttm ra
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True III nham the hien bat ki dieu
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• Tim hieu xem lieu co su rgi loa
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throng nhu nghe chang hop 1f lam, n
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nghien eau va thaang xuyen Wide cac
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TOM TAT Chuang nay gidi thieu cho n
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nhien nen nhan vien CTXH the hien d
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tigp tut tra phi tu van có nghia l
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6 có the gap khO khan trong khi gi
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cu6n each mang ten "Nghien ads &fa
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them met se- bueb nth. Bien phap ga
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3. Cac &Mc hAnh deng hoac cac nhiem
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3. Cac ygu t6 ben ngoai có the anh
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Van de ye gia dinh la met van de kh
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qua trinh to van. Vi du muc lieu da
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nguai khde va tap trung vao hAnh vi
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can phai dUcic lam re hdn de co the
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Trong cu .& "Bai tap thuc hanh tong
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Co rat nhigu mo hinh day each giao
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chuyen voi. Vi du trong suet butii
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Cac aging diep "toi" khOng dg 16i,
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cam thgy digu ma ban dai cam thay.
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Cac mue tieu to van can cu thd va r
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dau su danh gin dia ho van mang tin
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thoa man trong hen nhan, Chi s6 Tho
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TOM TAT ChuOng nay tap trung vao qu
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gio-ng nhau. Dieu cot yeu nhal cua
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4. Phan anh dya tren tinh hitting c
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i rei loan se tang rei loan hOn neu
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Kithuat tang curing ban nga Duct tr
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Buac hai caa qua trinh la tao ra ma
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Rimm va Masters (1974) da dua ra me
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ttdc mall de gifi tri bang 10 diem
Page 143 and 144: ngoi tntec may vi tinh chdi tro chd
Page 145 and 146: KT thuat sir dung quan he sang tac
Page 147 and 148: C: nhung ket qua lie cam giac va ha
Page 149 and 150: can co them kinh nghiem vg thi cit"
Page 151 and 152: Kith* xe-p hang sythanh thao va tho
Page 153 and 154: "Li thuyet nen tang cua liOu phap 1
Page 155 and 156: chicle thigt lap gitta nhan vien CT
Page 157 and 158: 5. Tao ranh glad 6. Tao bat can ban
Page 159 and 160: de hei one thanh vien gia dinh ye 5
Page 161 and 162: To bgt can bang (bat toting xting)
Page 163 and 164: KT thuat ma to yin dg De Jong va Be
Page 165 and 166: lam viec gi khac biet khOng?" hoac
Page 167 and 168: khang thgy. Digm math chgt a day la
Page 169 and 170: h6a khac nhau. Tam yen P6 nay bao g
Page 171 and 172: Ch uang 5 PHAT TRIEN KT NANG D61 PH
Page 173 and 174: nghiep dude trubng nay!", thi khach
Page 175 and 176: Trong dot digu tri ba, khaeh hang v
Page 177 and 178: Bai tp ta la nguy cd th \lc su vdi
Page 179 and 180: nhdc dinh to tit. Khach hang c6 ngu
Page 181 and 182: Theo Lewis uez dthzg szt (2002): "K
Page 183 and 184: Murphy —"n6u co gi co the sai lam
Page 185 and 186: dich dieu tri la chi ra rang khach
Page 187 and 188: Hanh vi higu chign thuang dude boc
Page 189 and 190: Lange va Jakubowski (1976) thao lua
Page 191 and 192: Stt kien dinh ve cai tot. Su kien d
Page 193: clai eang hadng dan the ma tit nhan
Page 197 and 198: 1. Cai thien mtil quan he ciTa ban
Page 199 and 200: 1. Hay danh vai phut de can nhac xe
Page 201 and 202: Jerry, ... tai ninon anh hit that M
Page 203 and 204: 3. Nhung su kien kinh nien nhung kh
Page 205 and 206: giai doan the ha nay, su cang thing
Page 207 and 208: "dgu hieu ctinh bao Om" c6 the dace
Page 209 and 210: Bich vu tham ven". Nhieu nguai ehon
Page 211 and 212: cua moi ngudi va nen dude chgp then
Page 213 and 214: Chuang 6 THVC HANH PHAT HUY NQI LUC
Page 215 and 216: 7. Hay kien nhan vi ski Lisp sac ci
Page 217 and 218: each not vg nhung (lieu ma ho da di
Page 219 and 220: 3. Phai gig dinh rang ban kh6ng the
Page 221 and 222: Phai c6 trach nhipm tgi khach hang
Page 223 and 224: cling -nhu Id nang ma nhan vien CTX
Page 225 and 226: Trail hanh can thi4p Qua trinh can
Page 227 and 228: Lu8n phai xem xet m6i quan he this
Page 229 and 230: 3. Hay tan ra nhung Iniac en the de
Page 231 and 232: met eau chuyen mai bang each suy ng
Page 233 and 234: song vg nhan each, y thitc, deng ly
Page 235 and 236: cua phu nu, b6 qua nhung digu nay l
Page 237 and 238: Phat huy th6 manh cho khach hang la
Page 239 and 240: 4. Chu trong van dac diem rieng bie
Page 241 and 242: Cong tat vdi cac gia dinh la float
Page 243 and 244: Cac ranh gidi Cac ranh gioi la nhun
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Cac mii hinh doe nhet Cac mo hinh d
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nha tri lieu c6 the three xem la e6
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Chdng nao nha tri lieu gia dinh cli
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phan lan cua moi tong tae that hAnh
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ean phai tip xuc lan (tau vdi gia d
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trinh bay va chap nhan quan diem ca
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dinh. Viet ghi chu cac he thong con
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dinh. Co the la ve met tran cid bon
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Viec danh gia cac tinh hudng gia di
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Re rang la yang dai ca lne nao do d
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Trong qua trinh danh gia , c6 the l
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khac &Ong met vai trO quan trong la
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10. Moi nen van hon deu coi trong t
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Vi du nhan vien CTXH co the bat dau
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tre, met trai, met gai. Cac throng
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Cac qua trinh va phdang phap Thuc t
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uong ruou ciia minh có anh huang d
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Cac can nhac vg van boa la nhiing y
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nam va n3, va cac trung tam cong de
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Me hinh chila benh nhan manh vao sV
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thlic va d6i eau" va "khuyen khich
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Sau giai down lam viec met minh, ng
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ThUeng thi torn tat nay se dude vig
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3. Nhom phat trien uttoc thigt 1(6
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• Lam viec cai ma vai cac nei lo
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Met phtiOng phap lam tan bang la ch
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Ki thun't giai quygt bat d6ng: Khi
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Giai doan au Giai doan dau la thdi
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chile c6 the hia chon nhung nguai c
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nay e6 the la not quy ve phuong pha
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ca nhan trong khi khep lai nhung le
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khong tinh nguyen, cac thanh vien t
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viec ma se de cap den nO trgc tip t
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(3) met thai ki cuel trong do sp ta
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nghe. Nhan vien CTXH cling co the g
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Twang hop 8.1 Giai down giCia trong
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• Cac thanh vien &No h6 trd trong
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Chuang 9 CAN THI1P VAO CAC HE THONG
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Cac rao can vat chit Viec phat hien
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dieu tri cai nghien, nhang ngtibi m
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va de dung gia dinh re (Ping, 2002)
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Doi khi quy trinh nay la true tiep,
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Thief Igp muc tier hap li Trong qua
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Cot trash nhiem chi ra ngudi chin t
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Gain, sat va danh gia lal Met budc
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Cac nguyen tee ego chic trong twang
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clang hanh lang cho met chinh kien.
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Met han chg vg dao difc mita lien q
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nhat di thuyet phuc? Ca nhan nay se
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can tra la mgt vi du. "Tei khOng ca
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deng phap H, viec dua ra tong luan)
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Hoat dong di kern voi cac hanh deng
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thong tin, phan tich du lieu, chia
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an giam et& hay nhfing ki nang khac
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vu phi hop vdi von de. Can can nhac
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giam d6c va van dua ra cac thong ti
Page 357 and 358:
Chucrig 10 KIEN THOC VA KT NANG DAN
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hoa eke ket qua cho bat cu ca nhan
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qua dOi hOi chting ta phai dap Ung
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Cac thiet ke . AB D6 hieu Wide the
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HiNH 10.2. Vi du vg thigt ke B Cac
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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6 5 4 r 3 2 z 1 0 ,0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
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nheing ding cu do goi la thang diem
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Dam manh va didm yea coa danh gia b
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(Xing nhu cac phuong phap khae, tha
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chung, nhang nghien cau nay bao gai
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cac xu huOng hoac cac me hinh có t
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Cac thiet k6 nhom throe Ring a ta r
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E ^. 0.) 40 • 35 30 25 • ♦ Ca
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an luyen nhOm da kgt auk. Diem caa
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chuong trinh vol tarn thanh vien. C
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trade va sau, met sg hoac tat ea ca
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Cac bie'n phu thuOc khac nhau: Hai
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Float deng danh gia nen dupe gan bo
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z TOM TAT Chtidng nay dua ra dinh n
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16. Canda, E. R. & Furman, L. D. (1
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46. Gorey, K. M., Leslie, D. R., Mo
Page 401 and 402:
74. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory
Page 403 and 404:
103. Preston. J. (1998). Integrativ
Page 405 and 406:
132. Sherman, A. (1973). Behavior m
Page 407:
Chin trcich nhienz xulit bcin: Giam
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BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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