BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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Cach danh gia bing viec lip th6ng ke va chin doan Ban cdm nang thong ke hoc va chin tri del vdi thing r6i loan tam than (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM) da dude xuat ban Ian dau vao nam 1954. Do la phien ban khac dm clan Cdeh phdn loci quth to th the bqnh tqt (ICD), ban in lan thit 6, co bao g6m he th6ng phan loai do TO Chic Y to The gidi sit dung. Trong cuen do, WTO da de cap lan dau tien den thing rth loan tam than. Khi DSM-III due xuat ban nam 1980, cu6n sach da co nhung thay dth so vdi hai Ian phat hanh dau. Lan dau lien he thong chin tri da true dude thuc hien ding vdi plating phap tip can phi li thuyet trong viec phan loai cac rei loan. Trong tam dude (tat vao viec mieu to da, c diem che rth loan, ma kh8ng hg cb viec mien to can yeti to la nguyen nhan có the co, ngoai trit khi co thing cd ro rang a xac dinh do la nguyen nhan (Chang han raw thing dien cuing do mat Wh v6 mach matt nal) gay ra). Hon nua, DSM kheng gdi y cac hinh thitc diet' tri. DSM-IV-TR the hien 16 kidu danh gia de dieu tri chinh, trong so do cif) danh gia ve r6i loan có lien quan den chat kith thich, rth loan tam trang, rth loan sti lo Lang, r6i loan tam than phan each va cac thing r6i loan tam than khac roi loan nhan each. Trong mei met kieu rth loan tren, lai co tim thay nhung rth loan cu the. Vi du, a chitng rth loan tam trang co tram cam, rol loan Kiang cue I va IL DSM het ke va mieu to nhung dac diem nth bat phan biet kieu r6i loan nay vdi nhUng kieu khac. Ke tit lac ra dal DSM-III, met he thong danh gia da true da chick rip dung trong linh vile site khee tam than. Muc dich la dam bao viec danh gia thau dao ye khfich hang khong chi d nhiing rth loan vg tam li hay r6i loan bOh tat, ma ea rth loan nhan each, cac dieu kien chaa benh, cac van de mang tinh tinh hueng, kern theo met phuong phap hay met thang danh gia mile do thkic hien chile nang tong quit cda mOt cl6i Wong. Trdc I la "nhung rovi loan lam sang". Day la nhitng rth loan chinh, ngoai frit thing cham chap tam than va chfing r6i loan nhan each, co xuat hien khi di kern vdi cac "(lieu kien khac" co the la trong tam theo dth vg mat lam sang. Tren true II la nhung rth loan nhan cash VA thing cham chap tam than. Co the they ri5 cd che phOng ye n6i bat a day. Muc dich cua viec tech rieng hai thing rth loan nay la dd dam bao rang thing dude danh gia la nam trong lieu chi danh gin chung. 79
True III nham the hien bat ki dieu kien y to nao eó lien quan den cluing rgi loan lam sang. NO cling gitip cho viec dam bao chc n6 luc digu tri cho ca hai: benh tat va Ka loan than kinh. Cac dieu kien benh tat se có the anh huang true tigp den chiing tea loan than kinh, nhu trong trdeng hdp bi nge doe thu6e digu tri clan den chiing hoang Wang, hay cac tae deng gian tigp nhu trong truang hop mac chiing viem kilo') man tinh kern theo tram earn. True IV cling liet ke cac yin de mang tfnh tinh hugng va tam If quan trong gay anh htfong den chfing rgi loan than kinh cUa met dOi Wong, viec digu tri hay kgt cue dia su viec. Cac of du co the la viec ly than hay ly hen, mat viec lam, ngheo khe, Chia ly do nghia vu quan su, viec lam dung gi do, viec mat di met ngUdi than hay viec thigu then Kt he trd cua cOng Nhan vien CTXH, nhiing ngitai theo quan diem lay del tUdng cu the trong tinh hugng lam trong tam, dip tren true nay co the can thi'ep giup de khach hang dude tot hdn. True V cling dude ke den nhu la met each danh gia mite thtfc hien chile nang tong the cUa del 'hieing. Cac mile de duct tinh tren Thang Danh gia Chile Wang Phe vat (Global Assessment of Functioning — GAF) (APA, 2000). Cach xgp loai the mac do Ethic hien chile nang dude tinh Loan theo hai lieu chi. Trude het no dua tren mite do tInic hien chile nang "hien thai" cua khach hang (hay mile de quan tam den viec thue hien chile nang trong hai tuan vita qua). Mile dude danh gia lan dau nay dude so sanh vdi mile de dude danh gia thu hai, ye nuic de thue hien chile nang cao nhat cua khach hang trong met vai thang ena nam vita qua, vdi gia thigt muc tieu diet' tri la h6 trd khach hang gianh lai dude mile de chile nang cao truck day. Cach xgp loai mile do thtic hien chic nang cling co the dude sit dung de danh gia su tign be caa khach hang trong viec dieu tri. Phudng phap danh gia lay nhi§m vu lam trung tam Phudng phap nay dude sit dung trong rat nhigu cac boi canh va rat khdp vdi me hinh giai quygt van de. each danh gia nay ye cd ban la mot be chi clan each danh gia va that hanh digu tri, von rat hilu ich cho nhan vien CTXH. Phudng phap nay dude phat trien de gitip nhan vien CTXH Hen hanh tong viec dieu tri ngan gon trong khoang thei gian gidi hen. Phudng phap tigp can nay trd gidp khach hang VA htiong dan nhan vien CTXH trong viec dinh hinh nhung nhiem vu ma khach hang mong moon se hoan 80
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DAI HQC DAN LAP THANG LONG BAI GIAN
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myc Lyc Lèln6i4u 5 Lai moat/ 7 Chu
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6 Chung toi hi vong rang khi cu6n s
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8 nang xac dinh van de caa del Wong
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Khong chii Si rang nghe Nghia la ng
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Giong mai Giong noi nen phii hdp vo
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loan tam li, tang thang, met mOi tr
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5. Mat nhin-tiep xbc qua anh mat, n
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clang tim giai phap cho van de va k
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Clip di;, 2: Ban dang cam thgy that
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8. Met co be 12 tuth bi anh trai qu
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1. Khach hang: Gan day tai cam thgy
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9. Khach hang: Chgng tea co van de
Page 27 and 28: cang da tang trai qua nhung dieu Wo
Page 29 and 30: Khi nhan vien CTXH nghe eau chuyen
Page 31 and 32: • Nen dat cau hOi tap trung vao n
Page 33 and 34: 3. Khach hang: "Anh ta sa vao nhung
Page 35 and 36: Cau hOi theo trial hoc Socrat "Khon
Page 37 and 38: thong tin vg met chu diem cu the de
Page 39 and 40: Cau hai dank gia de khach hang din
Page 41 and 42: Ban danh gib mOc dO hobn thanh nhil
Page 43 and 44: Cau tra lei cam thong matt: Ban dan
Page 45 and 46: Cau tra Itli quan tam tich cite mal
Page 47 and 48: Can tra ldi quan tam tich ciic ma.u
Page 49 and 50: 4. Benh nhan noi trn nam trong trai
Page 51 and 52: Citu hal lam sang to van de: Anh ma
Page 53 and 54: 17. MOt ngtieti ta nang thon ra ThU
Page 55 and 56: + Van ban xac dinh tinh trang caa k
Page 57 and 58: mat thcii dO it than thtinh, cat ma
Page 59 and 60: Ngu6n got chinh xac cua the yeti t6
Page 61 and 62: NOi Ivo Su thgp kern Su but bOi S2f
Page 63 and 64: 64 1. Can be nay dang d giai doan n
Page 65 and 66: • de kgt hop sieu ca nhan ma khac
Page 67 and 68: mei truang 'et/ nhien caa ngtiai do
Page 69 and 70: • Nhang mang Judi quan he hien Mi
Page 71 and 72: • Cho rang co the doe &toe suy ng
Page 73 and 74: M6 hinh danh gia dua hen cac thirn?
Page 75 and 76: lap chile nang va Huang thanh tgt n
Page 77: 6.sa dung cach danh gia nham ttm ra
Page 81 and 82: • Tim hieu xem lieu co su rgi loa
Page 83 and 84: throng nhu nghe chang hop 1f lam, n
Page 85 and 86: nghien eau va thaang xuyen Wide cac
Page 87 and 88: TOM TAT Chuang nay gidi thieu cho n
Page 89 and 90: nhien nen nhan vien CTXH the hien d
Page 91 and 92: tigp tut tra phi tu van có nghia l
Page 93 and 94: 6 có the gap khO khan trong khi gi
Page 95 and 96: cu6n each mang ten "Nghien ads &fa
Page 97 and 98: them met se- bueb nth. Bien phap ga
Page 99 and 100: 3. Cac &Mc hAnh deng hoac cac nhiem
Page 101 and 102: 3. Cac ygu t6 ben ngoai có the anh
Page 103 and 104: Van de ye gia dinh la met van de kh
Page 105 and 106: qua trinh to van. Vi du muc lieu da
Page 107 and 108: nguai khde va tap trung vao hAnh vi
Page 109 and 110: can phai dUcic lam re hdn de co the
Page 111 and 112: Trong cu .& "Bai tap thuc hanh tong
Page 113 and 114: Co rat nhigu mo hinh day each giao
Page 115 and 116: chuyen voi. Vi du trong suet butii
Page 117 and 118: Cac aging diep "toi" khOng dg 16i,
Page 119 and 120: cam thgy digu ma ban dai cam thay.
Page 121 and 122: Cac mue tieu to van can cu thd va r
Page 123 and 124: dau su danh gin dia ho van mang tin
Page 125 and 126: thoa man trong hen nhan, Chi s6 Tho
Page 127 and 128: TOM TAT ChuOng nay tap trung vao qu
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gio-ng nhau. Dieu cot yeu nhal cua
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4. Phan anh dya tren tinh hitting c
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i rei loan se tang rei loan hOn neu
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Kithuat tang curing ban nga Duct tr
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Buac hai caa qua trinh la tao ra ma
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Rimm va Masters (1974) da dua ra me
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ttdc mall de gifi tri bang 10 diem
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ngoi tntec may vi tinh chdi tro chd
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KT thuat sir dung quan he sang tac
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C: nhung ket qua lie cam giac va ha
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can co them kinh nghiem vg thi cit"
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Kith* xe-p hang sythanh thao va tho
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"Li thuyet nen tang cua liOu phap 1
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chicle thigt lap gitta nhan vien CT
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5. Tao ranh glad 6. Tao bat can ban
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de hei one thanh vien gia dinh ye 5
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To bgt can bang (bat toting xting)
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KT thuat ma to yin dg De Jong va Be
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lam viec gi khac biet khOng?" hoac
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khang thgy. Digm math chgt a day la
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h6a khac nhau. Tam yen P6 nay bao g
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Ch uang 5 PHAT TRIEN KT NANG D61 PH
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nghiep dude trubng nay!", thi khach
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Trong dot digu tri ba, khaeh hang v
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Bai tp ta la nguy cd th \lc su vdi
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nhdc dinh to tit. Khach hang c6 ngu
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Theo Lewis uez dthzg szt (2002): "K
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Murphy —"n6u co gi co the sai lam
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dich dieu tri la chi ra rang khach
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Hanh vi higu chign thuang dude boc
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Lange va Jakubowski (1976) thao lua
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Stt kien dinh ve cai tot. Su kien d
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clai eang hadng dan the ma tit nhan
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hai ben cai ma hon vdi nhau, ea hai
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1. Cai thien mtil quan he ciTa ban
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1. Hay danh vai phut de can nhac xe
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Jerry, ... tai ninon anh hit that M
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3. Nhung su kien kinh nien nhung kh
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giai doan the ha nay, su cang thing
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"dgu hieu ctinh bao Om" c6 the dace
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Bich vu tham ven". Nhieu nguai ehon
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cua moi ngudi va nen dude chgp then
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Chuang 6 THVC HANH PHAT HUY NQI LUC
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7. Hay kien nhan vi ski Lisp sac ci
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each not vg nhung (lieu ma ho da di
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3. Phai gig dinh rang ban kh6ng the
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Phai c6 trach nhipm tgi khach hang
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cling -nhu Id nang ma nhan vien CTX
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Trail hanh can thi4p Qua trinh can
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Lu8n phai xem xet m6i quan he this
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3. Hay tan ra nhung Iniac en the de
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met eau chuyen mai bang each suy ng
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song vg nhan each, y thitc, deng ly
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cua phu nu, b6 qua nhung digu nay l
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Phat huy th6 manh cho khach hang la
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4. Chu trong van dac diem rieng bie
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Cong tat vdi cac gia dinh la float
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Cac ranh gidi Cac ranh gioi la nhun
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Cac mii hinh doe nhet Cac mo hinh d
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nha tri lieu c6 the three xem la e6
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Chdng nao nha tri lieu gia dinh cli
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phan lan cua moi tong tae that hAnh
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ean phai tip xuc lan (tau vdi gia d
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trinh bay va chap nhan quan diem ca
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dinh. Viet ghi chu cac he thong con
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dinh. Co the la ve met tran cid bon
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Viec danh gia cac tinh hudng gia di
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Re rang la yang dai ca lne nao do d
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Trong qua trinh danh gia , c6 the l
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khac &Ong met vai trO quan trong la
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10. Moi nen van hon deu coi trong t
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Vi du nhan vien CTXH co the bat dau
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tre, met trai, met gai. Cac throng
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Cac qua trinh va phdang phap Thuc t
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uong ruou ciia minh có anh huang d
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Cac can nhac vg van boa la nhiing y
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nam va n3, va cac trung tam cong de
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Me hinh chila benh nhan manh vao sV
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thlic va d6i eau" va "khuyen khich
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Sau giai down lam viec met minh, ng
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ThUeng thi torn tat nay se dude vig
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3. Nhom phat trien uttoc thigt 1(6
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• Lam viec cai ma vai cac nei lo
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Met phtiOng phap lam tan bang la ch
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Ki thun't giai quygt bat d6ng: Khi
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Giai doan au Giai doan dau la thdi
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chile c6 the hia chon nhung nguai c
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nay e6 the la not quy ve phuong pha
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ca nhan trong khi khep lai nhung le
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khong tinh nguyen, cac thanh vien t
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viec ma se de cap den nO trgc tip t
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(3) met thai ki cuel trong do sp ta
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nghe. Nhan vien CTXH cling co the g
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Twang hop 8.1 Giai down giCia trong
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• Cac thanh vien &No h6 trd trong
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Chuang 9 CAN THI1P VAO CAC HE THONG
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Cac rao can vat chit Viec phat hien
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dieu tri cai nghien, nhang ngtibi m
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va de dung gia dinh re (Ping, 2002)
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Doi khi quy trinh nay la true tiep,
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Thief Igp muc tier hap li Trong qua
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Cot trash nhiem chi ra ngudi chin t
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Gain, sat va danh gia lal Met budc
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Cac nguyen tee ego chic trong twang
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clang hanh lang cho met chinh kien.
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Met han chg vg dao difc mita lien q
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nhat di thuyet phuc? Ca nhan nay se
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can tra la mgt vi du. "Tei khOng ca
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deng phap H, viec dua ra tong luan)
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Hoat dong di kern voi cac hanh deng
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thong tin, phan tich du lieu, chia
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an giam et& hay nhfing ki nang khac
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vu phi hop vdi von de. Can can nhac
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giam d6c va van dua ra cac thong ti
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Chucrig 10 KIEN THOC VA KT NANG DAN
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hoa eke ket qua cho bat cu ca nhan
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qua dOi hOi chting ta phai dap Ung
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Cac thiet ke . AB D6 hieu Wide the
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HiNH 10.2. Vi du vg thigt ke B Cac
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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6 5 4 r 3 2 z 1 0 ,0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
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nheing ding cu do goi la thang diem
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Dam manh va didm yea coa danh gia b
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(Xing nhu cac phuong phap khae, tha
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chung, nhang nghien cau nay bao gai
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cac xu huOng hoac cac me hinh có t
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Cac thiet k6 nhom throe Ring a ta r
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E ^. 0.) 40 • 35 30 25 • ♦ Ca
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an luyen nhOm da kgt auk. Diem caa
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chuong trinh vol tarn thanh vien. C
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trade va sau, met sg hoac tat ea ca
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Cac bie'n phu thuOc khac nhau: Hai
Page 393 and 394:
Float deng danh gia nen dupe gan bo
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z TOM TAT Chtidng nay dua ra dinh n
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16. Canda, E. R. & Furman, L. D. (1
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46. Gorey, K. M., Leslie, D. R., Mo
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74. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory
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103. Preston. J. (1998). Integrativ
Page 405 and 406:
132. Sherman, A. (1973). Behavior m
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Chin trcich nhienz xulit bcin: Giam
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BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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