BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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hang có than doan la In am anh ve khong gian, hay not sd hai khi a nhung ndi tong cling hoac lam digu gi de, clang thu he. Muc dich cu6i cling ceia khach hang la phai di mua sam mot minh a mat quay hang. Mac du day khOng phai la mot rave dich thus te, do co the la met nhiem vu qua Ion de xU 1f trong ch6e lat. Do do, nhiem vu phai dude chic nhe ra thanh nhung phan vine de lam Min, nhu la lai xe tdi ch8 gin xe va nged lai do cho tdi khi cam thMy cam gide thoai mai nhung. Sau do, khach hang phai di 60 vao lei di, sau do bUdc vao quay hang, va di lai trong dO trong vOng xap xi 30m. Qua giai doan do, khach hang se co the di xa hdn va it can d6n su h6 fro hon. Hien nhien la Id thuat nay gio'ng yell Id thuat phi vd su man cam hC th6ng. Tuy nhien, each digu tri co kern theo twang digu tri vg to duy. Ki thuat hudn luyen tinh guy& doan va d6ng kith phan vai Gi6ng trong lieu phap hanh vi, khach hang dude huMn luyen cac ki nang nham giup ho giao lieu vdi nguoi khec va the dinh cac phtking phap thay the trong viec cU xei vdi moi nail hay nhiing tinh hueng khac nhau. mei truing digu tri, ho Hive hanh cac ki nang mdi va dude nhan vien CTXH huMn luyen hay lam mau cho minh. Nhan vier' CTXH au dung viec lam man kiem tra cac suy nghi cu the cira khach hang co lien quan den viec thuc hien cac hanh vi mdi trong n6 he the dinh va siia cheia bat ki nhung me° m6 hay 161 nao di ken' the hanh vi do. Ki thuat sii dung lieu phap Fly con ngthai (d6i arcing) lam trung tam Qua trinh digu tri bang ligu phap lay d6i Wong lam trung tam bat clan ngay to lan gap gd dau tien. Bai trong tam la khach hang, ho dude quygn quyet dinh can chii trong nhUng gi trong dot digu tri. Nguoi he tro khong tham gia vao bat cu met hinh their danh gia hay tham tra qua khil cua khach hang hoac met chudng trinh nao 06 gay anh Intang den muc lieu do khfich hang dat ra. Nhan vien CTXH the hien su ton trong viii khach hang va ling nghe trong khi bee 10 sti nOng hau va thai do tiep thu. Khfieh hang chinh la ngnai phai quygt dinh xem ddt digu tri se di theo &tang nao VA co chuyen tr.() trao d6i, th610 tinh cam hay chi im lang. SO- hieing dot digu tri ding phu thuOc vao khach hang, et -mg nhu phu thuec vao tan suet nhUng cuee hen gap digu tri. Lieu phap digu tri se tiep tuc cho tdi khi khach hang quyet dinh rang ho khOng mugn tiep tut viec nay c6 the xay ra sau met hay nam mUdi ddt di6u tri hoac hdn the. 153
"Li thuyet nen tang cua liOu phap 16y doff Wong lam trung tam chinh la viee nhan vien CTXH thanh tong trong viec the hien tai nang (genuineness), mei quan tam tich cue ve diet' kien, r6i khach hang se dap lai bang nhung thay d6i trong t6 chitc nhan each'. Nhan vien CTXH dung chinh nhung pham chit ea lei nay a gitip khach hang dat dude muc Bich hien thtic hoa ban than (self-actualization), kha nang phat Erik tidm nang met each day du'. Hai Rogers tin rang loci ngUdi ce sa Mill met xung ba'm sinh trong nthing hanh vi xa Ma, tang viee dat ra trong quan he Ong tat dieu tri la gitip khach hang than b6 nMing trei buec co trong sU ph& triers (growth) (Miller, 1999). Kr thuat sit dung HO phap cam th8ng "Cam thong la met qua trinh tich cue, tile thin, lien tut. Nhan vien CTXH co' Ong tea da de nam bat dude va song trong nhfing thai de ma khach hang the hien thay vi chi quan sat nhiing thai do iy, than down nhung thai do do, hay nghi each khien cho qua trinh dieu tri tieen triers nhanh dat dude digu nay. nhan vien CTXH phai chti y xem khach hang dang truyen dat gi qua nen W va phi nem tit, chit y dae biet tdi nhung cam gide me khach hang da trai qua va the hien ra. BAng each c6 gang hieu toan bo nhung kinh nghiem cua khach hang va truyen dat sU hieu biet d6, nhan vien CTXH tang Wang dude met quan he cua minh vdi khach hang. Qua Hap to diet' tri, nhan vien CTXH se co the vudt len tren nhung hieu biet Wang Lu ve cam giac cua khach hang va nho do dat dude sU hieu biet ii hang nhan thile sail KT thuat sir dung lieu phap quan tam tich cut Lieu phap nay chinh la thai do khong phan xet cua nhan vien CTXH del vdi khach hang. Khi khach hang cam thiy dude va quan sat dude phSrn chit khong gia tao do, ho se thiy thoai mai Min a thd hien tit ea nhung cam giac ma ho co vao luc do mA khong sd hi tra dim hay len an. Do do, ho co the thing nhit trong viee TIM len nhang cam giae that, dem lai chuyen Bien tich eye trong didu tri (Rogers, 1986). Raskin. N. J. & Rogers. C. R. (1995). Person-centered therapy. In R. J. Corsini & D. Wedding (Ed.), Current psychotherapies (5' h ed.. pp. 128-161). Itasca. II: Peacock. 2 Barker, R. L. (1999). The social work dictionary (4' h ed.)Washingron, DC: NASW Press. Raskin via Rogers, sdd. tr 142. 154
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DAI HQC DAN LAP THANG LONG BAI GIAN
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myc Lyc Lèln6i4u 5 Lai moat/ 7 Chu
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6 Chung toi hi vong rang khi cu6n s
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8 nang xac dinh van de caa del Wong
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Khong chii Si rang nghe Nghia la ng
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Giong mai Giong noi nen phii hdp vo
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loan tam li, tang thang, met mOi tr
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5. Mat nhin-tiep xbc qua anh mat, n
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clang tim giai phap cho van de va k
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Clip di;, 2: Ban dang cam thgy that
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8. Met co be 12 tuth bi anh trai qu
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1. Khach hang: Gan day tai cam thgy
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9. Khach hang: Chgng tea co van de
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cang da tang trai qua nhung dieu Wo
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Khi nhan vien CTXH nghe eau chuyen
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• Nen dat cau hOi tap trung vao n
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3. Khach hang: "Anh ta sa vao nhung
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Cau hOi theo trial hoc Socrat "Khon
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thong tin vg met chu diem cu the de
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Cau hai dank gia de khach hang din
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Ban danh gib mOc dO hobn thanh nhil
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Cau tra lei cam thong matt: Ban dan
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Cau tra Itli quan tam tich cite mal
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Can tra ldi quan tam tich ciic ma.u
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4. Benh nhan noi trn nam trong trai
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Citu hal lam sang to van de: Anh ma
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17. MOt ngtieti ta nang thon ra ThU
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+ Van ban xac dinh tinh trang caa k
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mat thcii dO it than thtinh, cat ma
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Ngu6n got chinh xac cua the yeti t6
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NOi Ivo Su thgp kern Su but bOi S2f
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64 1. Can be nay dang d giai doan n
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• de kgt hop sieu ca nhan ma khac
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mei truang 'et/ nhien caa ngtiai do
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• Nhang mang Judi quan he hien Mi
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• Cho rang co the doe &toe suy ng
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M6 hinh danh gia dua hen cac thirn?
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lap chile nang va Huang thanh tgt n
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6.sa dung cach danh gia nham ttm ra
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True III nham the hien bat ki dieu
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• Tim hieu xem lieu co su rgi loa
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throng nhu nghe chang hop 1f lam, n
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nghien eau va thaang xuyen Wide cac
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TOM TAT Chuang nay gidi thieu cho n
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nhien nen nhan vien CTXH the hien d
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tigp tut tra phi tu van có nghia l
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6 có the gap khO khan trong khi gi
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cu6n each mang ten "Nghien ads &fa
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them met se- bueb nth. Bien phap ga
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3. Cac &Mc hAnh deng hoac cac nhiem
Page 101 and 102: 3. Cac ygu t6 ben ngoai có the anh
Page 103 and 104: Van de ye gia dinh la met van de kh
Page 105 and 106: qua trinh to van. Vi du muc lieu da
Page 107 and 108: nguai khde va tap trung vao hAnh vi
Page 109 and 110: can phai dUcic lam re hdn de co the
Page 111 and 112: Trong cu .& "Bai tap thuc hanh tong
Page 113 and 114: Co rat nhigu mo hinh day each giao
Page 115 and 116: chuyen voi. Vi du trong suet butii
Page 117 and 118: Cac aging diep "toi" khOng dg 16i,
Page 119 and 120: cam thgy digu ma ban dai cam thay.
Page 121 and 122: Cac mue tieu to van can cu thd va r
Page 123 and 124: dau su danh gin dia ho van mang tin
Page 125 and 126: thoa man trong hen nhan, Chi s6 Tho
Page 127 and 128: TOM TAT ChuOng nay tap trung vao qu
Page 129 and 130: gio-ng nhau. Dieu cot yeu nhal cua
Page 131 and 132: 4. Phan anh dya tren tinh hitting c
Page 133 and 134: i rei loan se tang rei loan hOn neu
Page 135 and 136: Kithuat tang curing ban nga Duct tr
Page 137 and 138: Buac hai caa qua trinh la tao ra ma
Page 139 and 140: Rimm va Masters (1974) da dua ra me
Page 141 and 142: ttdc mall de gifi tri bang 10 diem
Page 143 and 144: ngoi tntec may vi tinh chdi tro chd
Page 145 and 146: KT thuat sir dung quan he sang tac
Page 147 and 148: C: nhung ket qua lie cam giac va ha
Page 149 and 150: can co them kinh nghiem vg thi cit"
Page 151: Kith* xe-p hang sythanh thao va tho
Page 155 and 156: chicle thigt lap gitta nhan vien CT
Page 157 and 158: 5. Tao ranh glad 6. Tao bat can ban
Page 159 and 160: de hei one thanh vien gia dinh ye 5
Page 161 and 162: To bgt can bang (bat toting xting)
Page 163 and 164: KT thuat ma to yin dg De Jong va Be
Page 165 and 166: lam viec gi khac biet khOng?" hoac
Page 167 and 168: khang thgy. Digm math chgt a day la
Page 169 and 170: h6a khac nhau. Tam yen P6 nay bao g
Page 171 and 172: Ch uang 5 PHAT TRIEN KT NANG D61 PH
Page 173 and 174: nghiep dude trubng nay!", thi khach
Page 175 and 176: Trong dot digu tri ba, khaeh hang v
Page 177 and 178: Bai tp ta la nguy cd th \lc su vdi
Page 179 and 180: nhdc dinh to tit. Khach hang c6 ngu
Page 181 and 182: Theo Lewis uez dthzg szt (2002): "K
Page 183 and 184: Murphy —"n6u co gi co the sai lam
Page 185 and 186: dich dieu tri la chi ra rang khach
Page 187 and 188: Hanh vi higu chign thuang dude boc
Page 189 and 190: Lange va Jakubowski (1976) thao lua
Page 191 and 192: Stt kien dinh ve cai tot. Su kien d
Page 193 and 194: clai eang hadng dan the ma tit nhan
Page 195 and 196: hai ben cai ma hon vdi nhau, ea hai
Page 197 and 198: 1. Cai thien mtil quan he ciTa ban
Page 199 and 200: 1. Hay danh vai phut de can nhac xe
Page 201 and 202: Jerry, ... tai ninon anh hit that M
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3. Nhung su kien kinh nien nhung kh
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giai doan the ha nay, su cang thing
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"dgu hieu ctinh bao Om" c6 the dace
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Bich vu tham ven". Nhieu nguai ehon
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cua moi ngudi va nen dude chgp then
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Chuang 6 THVC HANH PHAT HUY NQI LUC
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7. Hay kien nhan vi ski Lisp sac ci
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each not vg nhung (lieu ma ho da di
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3. Phai gig dinh rang ban kh6ng the
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Phai c6 trach nhipm tgi khach hang
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cling -nhu Id nang ma nhan vien CTX
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Trail hanh can thi4p Qua trinh can
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Lu8n phai xem xet m6i quan he this
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3. Hay tan ra nhung Iniac en the de
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met eau chuyen mai bang each suy ng
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song vg nhan each, y thitc, deng ly
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cua phu nu, b6 qua nhung digu nay l
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Phat huy th6 manh cho khach hang la
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4. Chu trong van dac diem rieng bie
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Cong tat vdi cac gia dinh la float
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Cac ranh gidi Cac ranh gioi la nhun
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Cac mii hinh doe nhet Cac mo hinh d
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nha tri lieu c6 the three xem la e6
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Chdng nao nha tri lieu gia dinh cli
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phan lan cua moi tong tae that hAnh
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ean phai tip xuc lan (tau vdi gia d
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trinh bay va chap nhan quan diem ca
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dinh. Viet ghi chu cac he thong con
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dinh. Co the la ve met tran cid bon
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Viec danh gia cac tinh hudng gia di
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Re rang la yang dai ca lne nao do d
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Trong qua trinh danh gia , c6 the l
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khac &Ong met vai trO quan trong la
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10. Moi nen van hon deu coi trong t
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Vi du nhan vien CTXH co the bat dau
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tre, met trai, met gai. Cac throng
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Cac qua trinh va phdang phap Thuc t
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uong ruou ciia minh có anh huang d
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Cac can nhac vg van boa la nhiing y
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nam va n3, va cac trung tam cong de
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Me hinh chila benh nhan manh vao sV
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thlic va d6i eau" va "khuyen khich
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Sau giai down lam viec met minh, ng
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ThUeng thi torn tat nay se dude vig
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3. Nhom phat trien uttoc thigt 1(6
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• Lam viec cai ma vai cac nei lo
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Met phtiOng phap lam tan bang la ch
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Ki thun't giai quygt bat d6ng: Khi
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Giai doan au Giai doan dau la thdi
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chile c6 the hia chon nhung nguai c
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nay e6 the la not quy ve phuong pha
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ca nhan trong khi khep lai nhung le
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khong tinh nguyen, cac thanh vien t
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viec ma se de cap den nO trgc tip t
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(3) met thai ki cuel trong do sp ta
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nghe. Nhan vien CTXH cling co the g
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Twang hop 8.1 Giai down giCia trong
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• Cac thanh vien &No h6 trd trong
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Chuang 9 CAN THI1P VAO CAC HE THONG
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Cac rao can vat chit Viec phat hien
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dieu tri cai nghien, nhang ngtibi m
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va de dung gia dinh re (Ping, 2002)
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Doi khi quy trinh nay la true tiep,
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Thief Igp muc tier hap li Trong qua
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Cot trash nhiem chi ra ngudi chin t
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Gain, sat va danh gia lal Met budc
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Cac nguyen tee ego chic trong twang
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clang hanh lang cho met chinh kien.
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Met han chg vg dao difc mita lien q
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nhat di thuyet phuc? Ca nhan nay se
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can tra la mgt vi du. "Tei khOng ca
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deng phap H, viec dua ra tong luan)
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Hoat dong di kern voi cac hanh deng
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thong tin, phan tich du lieu, chia
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an giam et& hay nhfing ki nang khac
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vu phi hop vdi von de. Can can nhac
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giam d6c va van dua ra cac thong ti
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Chucrig 10 KIEN THOC VA KT NANG DAN
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hoa eke ket qua cho bat cu ca nhan
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qua dOi hOi chting ta phai dap Ung
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Cac thiet ke . AB D6 hieu Wide the
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HiNH 10.2. Vi du vg thigt ke B Cac
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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6 5 4 r 3 2 z 1 0 ,0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
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nheing ding cu do goi la thang diem
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Dam manh va didm yea coa danh gia b
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(Xing nhu cac phuong phap khae, tha
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chung, nhang nghien cau nay bao gai
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cac xu huOng hoac cac me hinh có t
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Cac thiet k6 nhom throe Ring a ta r
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E ^. 0.) 40 • 35 30 25 • ♦ Ca
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an luyen nhOm da kgt auk. Diem caa
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chuong trinh vol tarn thanh vien. C
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trade va sau, met sg hoac tat ea ca
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Cac bie'n phu thuOc khac nhau: Hai
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Float deng danh gia nen dupe gan bo
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z TOM TAT Chtidng nay dua ra dinh n
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16. Canda, E. R. & Furman, L. D. (1
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46. Gorey, K. M., Leslie, D. R., Mo
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74. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory
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103. Preston. J. (1998). Integrativ
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132. Sherman, A. (1973). Behavior m
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Chin trcich nhienz xulit bcin: Giam
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BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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