BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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cluing ta Chia se thong tin vdi ngtfor khac de xay dung kign thuc trong nganh nghg. Cac to eh& to nhan cung cap dich vu cong the xa hei clang dua ra cac tieu chuSn vg trach nhiem doi vdi gong viec cua nhan vier) cong tac xa hei de tan ra nhfing kett qua mong mugn. Nhfing to chug nay chi chap nhan can thiOp nhfing van de có phudng phap tri lieu. Ngoai cac tg chitc to nhan, cac quy h6 trd cling del hoi trach nhiem vA su danh gia dOi vdi cac can thiep xa her. Cac quy nay nhan ngan sach cua nha nude va tai tro to the to chic khac nen khong the cho phap lang phi cac ngutin hic do. Nlur vay, vg ca nhan, ngu nhan vien CTXH lien tug ap dung nhung phridng phap kern hieu qua, khong nhung cong viec cua ho bi anh briar -1g ma con gay kho khan cho to chile gia minh, va ngu to' drift do có hop dgng vdi cac quy, su viec se volt ra ngoai to chic Ira anh huOng den viec su dung nein quy. Met 11 do nua la loi ich mang lAi cho khach hang. Khi khach hang thgy eu thay deri dien ra theo hudng mong mu6n cUa ho, ho se có deng 1>ic hurt'. Cac tido chuSn deo dac trong danh gia Trong cac nguyen tac dao chic phai tuan theo khi thoe hien cong viec, nhan vien cong tac xa hei can Wu ST dgn cac nguyen tac trong qua trinh clanh gia. Dudi day la mot sit vi du: Dam bao rang thong tin dm khach hang throe bao ye va khach hang phai dude giau ten. Mc bigt, nett viec phan tich dit lieu dude tin hanh Iran may tinh, phai han chg cho phep truy nhap nhfing dii lieu km trii. Dam bao dOi Wong khong chru ap We nao bat tham gia danh gia. Mac du nhan vien CTXH khOng c6 tinh op buec khach hang tham gia, rat co thg mai quan hg trudc do se la ap khi khach hang tham gia danh gia Phai trung lap, khach quan trong qua trinh danh gia. Digu nay có the kho khan vi nhan vien CTXH vita IA ngudi thug hien, vita la ngudi danh gia cac hoat dung do. Ho co trach nhiem la phAi bao cao trung dux cac ket qua, du Sic k'gt qua cho thay ding viec caa ho khOng thanh cong. Phai bigt nhung han chg trong danh gia, Chang han nhung loai daub gia duoc sit dung trong thuc to thrieng khOng cho phep chung ta khai quirt Young, T., & Poulin, 1. (1998). The helping relationship inventory: A clinical appraisal. Families in Society, 79, 123-133. 360
hoa eke ket qua cho bat cu ca nhan hay nhOm xa hei nao. Chting cling khong cho phep chting ta gan nhung can thiep cua la lam nguyen nhan giai thich cho ket qua, dit kgt qua do c6 tich cue den dau Chang Khong dupe lain phudng hai den khfich hang. Mac du it co kha nang xay ra, chting ta van can xem xet truong hdp nay. Neu ket qua danh gia cha chUng ta cho thay tinh hinh xau di chit kheng tot len, cluing ta nen can nhac kha nang ket thtic can thiep. Mitt da chi ra, khach hang khang dude bi Eta frit truang hop khOng the lam khac. Khkeh hang phai dude biet ho eta deng y tham gia vao danh gia hoac nghien dm. Cac to chic dich vu xa hei Ion hOn co the en ban danh gia not b6 rieng, cO teach nhiem dam bao danh gia va cac nghien cuu khac bao ye quell loi cho nMing ngudi tham gia. Trong truong hdp do, t6 chile nen c6 met he thong bao tram ye danh gia, có th6 dap ling ti'eu chuan bao ye cac doi tUdng con ngtidi. Cac cash ti6p can danh gia trong host Ong tryt ti6p Met thuan ldi cho hoat dung true tiep trong the ki XXI la su da clang phong phu cita cac (tong cu san c6 cho nguoi thus hien cOng viec. Ba muoi nam truce day, s6 luring each tiep can rat han che, va nhieu nhan vien CTXH khong hiet phai lam the nao a danh gia ding viec ho da thue hien. Ngay nay, d My, cac chudng trinh dao tao CU nhan va Thac s5 nganh Cong tae Xa hei d'eu de cap den de Cal nay. My, us ban Giao due Ding tae Xa het IA cd quan nha nude cO nhiAm vu danh gia cac chudng trinh giao due CU nhan va Thac si ve Cong tac xA hei, Uy ban nay yeu eau nhiing chudng trinh giro due nay phai chuan hi cho sinh vien each danh gia viec thUe Men cOng viec cua minh (2003, tr.36). Nhfing ceng Cu danh gia doge thao luan trong chudng nay la eke thiet kg he thong don, thang diem danh gia van de d6i tUdng, thang dMm danh gia sq hoan thanh nhiem vu, the nghien ciu mite chi thoa man, cac phudng phap bao dam chat hieing va cac thiet kg nhom. Chting toi cling thao luan cac ich loi va b6t ldi oua mni each tiep can Dinh gia sd !yang ye dAnh gia chit lining Cac thiet ke danh gia co the dude coi la rdi vho met day lien tuc, mot dAu dai dien la eke phudng phap chat luring, dau kia IA cac phttOng phap so 361
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DAI HQC DAN LAP THANG LONG BAI GIAN
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myc Lyc Lèln6i4u 5 Lai moat/ 7 Chu
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6 Chung toi hi vong rang khi cu6n s
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8 nang xac dinh van de caa del Wong
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Khong chii Si rang nghe Nghia la ng
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Giong mai Giong noi nen phii hdp vo
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loan tam li, tang thang, met mOi tr
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5. Mat nhin-tiep xbc qua anh mat, n
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clang tim giai phap cho van de va k
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Clip di;, 2: Ban dang cam thgy that
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8. Met co be 12 tuth bi anh trai qu
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1. Khach hang: Gan day tai cam thgy
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9. Khach hang: Chgng tea co van de
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cang da tang trai qua nhung dieu Wo
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Khi nhan vien CTXH nghe eau chuyen
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• Nen dat cau hOi tap trung vao n
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3. Khach hang: "Anh ta sa vao nhung
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Cau hOi theo trial hoc Socrat "Khon
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thong tin vg met chu diem cu the de
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Cau hai dank gia de khach hang din
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Ban danh gib mOc dO hobn thanh nhil
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Cau tra lei cam thong matt: Ban dan
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Cau tra Itli quan tam tich cite mal
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Can tra ldi quan tam tich ciic ma.u
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4. Benh nhan noi trn nam trong trai
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Citu hal lam sang to van de: Anh ma
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17. MOt ngtieti ta nang thon ra ThU
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+ Van ban xac dinh tinh trang caa k
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mat thcii dO it than thtinh, cat ma
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Ngu6n got chinh xac cua the yeti t6
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NOi Ivo Su thgp kern Su but bOi S2f
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64 1. Can be nay dang d giai doan n
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• de kgt hop sieu ca nhan ma khac
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mei truang 'et/ nhien caa ngtiai do
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• Nhang mang Judi quan he hien Mi
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• Cho rang co the doe &toe suy ng
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M6 hinh danh gia dua hen cac thirn?
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lap chile nang va Huang thanh tgt n
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6.sa dung cach danh gia nham ttm ra
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True III nham the hien bat ki dieu
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• Tim hieu xem lieu co su rgi loa
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throng nhu nghe chang hop 1f lam, n
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nghien eau va thaang xuyen Wide cac
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TOM TAT Chuang nay gidi thieu cho n
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nhien nen nhan vien CTXH the hien d
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tigp tut tra phi tu van có nghia l
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6 có the gap khO khan trong khi gi
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cu6n each mang ten "Nghien ads &fa
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them met se- bueb nth. Bien phap ga
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3. Cac &Mc hAnh deng hoac cac nhiem
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3. Cac ygu t6 ben ngoai có the anh
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Van de ye gia dinh la met van de kh
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qua trinh to van. Vi du muc lieu da
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nguai khde va tap trung vao hAnh vi
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can phai dUcic lam re hdn de co the
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Trong cu .& "Bai tap thuc hanh tong
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Co rat nhigu mo hinh day each giao
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chuyen voi. Vi du trong suet butii
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Cac aging diep "toi" khOng dg 16i,
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cam thgy digu ma ban dai cam thay.
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Cac mue tieu to van can cu thd va r
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dau su danh gin dia ho van mang tin
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thoa man trong hen nhan, Chi s6 Tho
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TOM TAT ChuOng nay tap trung vao qu
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gio-ng nhau. Dieu cot yeu nhal cua
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4. Phan anh dya tren tinh hitting c
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i rei loan se tang rei loan hOn neu
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Kithuat tang curing ban nga Duct tr
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Buac hai caa qua trinh la tao ra ma
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Rimm va Masters (1974) da dua ra me
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ttdc mall de gifi tri bang 10 diem
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ngoi tntec may vi tinh chdi tro chd
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KT thuat sir dung quan he sang tac
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C: nhung ket qua lie cam giac va ha
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can co them kinh nghiem vg thi cit"
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Kith* xe-p hang sythanh thao va tho
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"Li thuyet nen tang cua liOu phap 1
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chicle thigt lap gitta nhan vien CT
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5. Tao ranh glad 6. Tao bat can ban
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de hei one thanh vien gia dinh ye 5
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To bgt can bang (bat toting xting)
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KT thuat ma to yin dg De Jong va Be
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lam viec gi khac biet khOng?" hoac
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khang thgy. Digm math chgt a day la
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h6a khac nhau. Tam yen P6 nay bao g
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Ch uang 5 PHAT TRIEN KT NANG D61 PH
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nghiep dude trubng nay!", thi khach
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Trong dot digu tri ba, khaeh hang v
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Bai tp ta la nguy cd th \lc su vdi
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nhdc dinh to tit. Khach hang c6 ngu
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Theo Lewis uez dthzg szt (2002): "K
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Murphy —"n6u co gi co the sai lam
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dich dieu tri la chi ra rang khach
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Hanh vi higu chign thuang dude boc
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Lange va Jakubowski (1976) thao lua
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Stt kien dinh ve cai tot. Su kien d
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clai eang hadng dan the ma tit nhan
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hai ben cai ma hon vdi nhau, ea hai
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1. Cai thien mtil quan he ciTa ban
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1. Hay danh vai phut de can nhac xe
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Jerry, ... tai ninon anh hit that M
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3. Nhung su kien kinh nien nhung kh
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giai doan the ha nay, su cang thing
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"dgu hieu ctinh bao Om" c6 the dace
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Bich vu tham ven". Nhieu nguai ehon
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cua moi ngudi va nen dude chgp then
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Chuang 6 THVC HANH PHAT HUY NQI LUC
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7. Hay kien nhan vi ski Lisp sac ci
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each not vg nhung (lieu ma ho da di
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3. Phai gig dinh rang ban kh6ng the
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Phai c6 trach nhipm tgi khach hang
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cling -nhu Id nang ma nhan vien CTX
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Trail hanh can thi4p Qua trinh can
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Lu8n phai xem xet m6i quan he this
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3. Hay tan ra nhung Iniac en the de
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met eau chuyen mai bang each suy ng
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song vg nhan each, y thitc, deng ly
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cua phu nu, b6 qua nhung digu nay l
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Phat huy th6 manh cho khach hang la
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4. Chu trong van dac diem rieng bie
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Cong tat vdi cac gia dinh la float
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Cac ranh gidi Cac ranh gioi la nhun
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Cac mii hinh doe nhet Cac mo hinh d
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nha tri lieu c6 the three xem la e6
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Chdng nao nha tri lieu gia dinh cli
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phan lan cua moi tong tae that hAnh
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ean phai tip xuc lan (tau vdi gia d
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trinh bay va chap nhan quan diem ca
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dinh. Viet ghi chu cac he thong con
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dinh. Co the la ve met tran cid bon
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Viec danh gia cac tinh hudng gia di
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Re rang la yang dai ca lne nao do d
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Trong qua trinh danh gia , c6 the l
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khac &Ong met vai trO quan trong la
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10. Moi nen van hon deu coi trong t
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Vi du nhan vien CTXH co the bat dau
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tre, met trai, met gai. Cac throng
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Cac qua trinh va phdang phap Thuc t
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uong ruou ciia minh có anh huang d
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Cac can nhac vg van boa la nhiing y
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nam va n3, va cac trung tam cong de
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Me hinh chila benh nhan manh vao sV
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thlic va d6i eau" va "khuyen khich
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Sau giai down lam viec met minh, ng
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ThUeng thi torn tat nay se dude vig
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3. Nhom phat trien uttoc thigt 1(6
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• Lam viec cai ma vai cac nei lo
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Met phtiOng phap lam tan bang la ch
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Ki thun't giai quygt bat d6ng: Khi
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Giai doan au Giai doan dau la thdi
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chile c6 the hia chon nhung nguai c
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nay e6 the la not quy ve phuong pha
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ca nhan trong khi khep lai nhung le
Page 307 and 308: khong tinh nguyen, cac thanh vien t
Page 309 and 310: viec ma se de cap den nO trgc tip t
Page 311 and 312: (3) met thai ki cuel trong do sp ta
Page 313 and 314: nghe. Nhan vien CTXH cling co the g
Page 315 and 316: Twang hop 8.1 Giai down giCia trong
Page 317 and 318: • Cac thanh vien &No h6 trd trong
Page 319 and 320: Chuang 9 CAN THI1P VAO CAC HE THONG
Page 321 and 322: Cac rao can vat chit Viec phat hien
Page 323 and 324: dieu tri cai nghien, nhang ngtibi m
Page 325 and 326: va de dung gia dinh re (Ping, 2002)
Page 327 and 328: Doi khi quy trinh nay la true tiep,
Page 329 and 330: Thief Igp muc tier hap li Trong qua
Page 331 and 332: Cot trash nhiem chi ra ngudi chin t
Page 333 and 334: Gain, sat va danh gia lal Met budc
Page 335 and 336: Cac nguyen tee ego chic trong twang
Page 337 and 338: clang hanh lang cho met chinh kien.
Page 339 and 340: Met han chg vg dao difc mita lien q
Page 341 and 342: nhat di thuyet phuc? Ca nhan nay se
Page 343 and 344: can tra la mgt vi du. "Tei khOng ca
Page 345 and 346: deng phap H, viec dua ra tong luan)
Page 347 and 348: Hoat dong di kern voi cac hanh deng
Page 349 and 350: thong tin, phan tich du lieu, chia
Page 351 and 352: an giam et& hay nhfing ki nang khac
Page 353 and 354: vu phi hop vdi von de. Can can nhac
Page 355 and 356: giam d6c va van dua ra cac thong ti
Page 357: Chucrig 10 KIEN THOC VA KT NANG DAN
Page 361 and 362: qua dOi hOi chting ta phai dap Ung
Page 363 and 364: Cac thiet ke . AB D6 hieu Wide the
Page 365 and 366: HiNH 10.2. Vi du vg thigt ke B Cac
Page 367 and 368: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Page 369 and 370: 6 5 4 r 3 2 z 1 0 ,0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Page 371 and 372: nheing ding cu do goi la thang diem
Page 373 and 374: Dam manh va didm yea coa danh gia b
Page 375 and 376: (Xing nhu cac phuong phap khae, tha
Page 377 and 378: chung, nhang nghien cau nay bao gai
Page 379 and 380: cac xu huOng hoac cac me hinh có t
Page 381 and 382: Cac thiet k6 nhom throe Ring a ta r
Page 383 and 384: E ^. 0.) 40 • 35 30 25 • ♦ Ca
Page 385 and 386: an luyen nhOm da kgt auk. Diem caa
Page 387 and 388: chuong trinh vol tarn thanh vien. C
Page 389 and 390: trade va sau, met sg hoac tat ea ca
Page 391 and 392: Cac bie'n phu thuOc khac nhau: Hai
Page 393 and 394: Float deng danh gia nen dupe gan bo
Page 395 and 396: z TOM TAT Chtidng nay dua ra dinh n
Page 397 and 398: 16. Canda, E. R. & Furman, L. D. (1
Page 399 and 400: 46. Gorey, K. M., Leslie, D. R., Mo
Page 401 and 402: 74. Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory
Page 403 and 404: 103. Preston. J. (1998). Integrativ
Page 405 and 406: 132. Sherman, A. (1973). Behavior m
Page 407: Chin trcich nhienz xulit bcin: Giam
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BAI GIANG CONG TAC XA HOI

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