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Series editors' preface - Wood Tools

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century. In between these examples there is a<br />

wide variety of combinations and styles<br />

enriched with all forms of turned, carved and<br />

applied ornament. It seems that there is, or<br />

has been at some time, a separate table for<br />

almost all human activities and situations.<br />

These include card, games, tea, occasional,<br />

sutherland, pembroke, sofa and night tables,<br />

side, reading and writing and artists’ and<br />

library tables, refectory, gateleg, single and<br />

multi-pedestal dining tables and others such as<br />

fantastically carved and gilded pier or console<br />

tables which have sometimes been supporting<br />

weights of many hundreds of pounds of<br />

marble for two hundred years or more. Table<br />

tops are often warped or split and flaps are<br />

often prevented from hanging properly<br />

because of misalignment due to shrinkage<br />

between the framing and the joints in the top.<br />

Legs and feet are vulnerable to leverage forces<br />

from kicking and dragging over floors and to<br />

contact with floor cleaning materials.<br />

This chapter has indicated some of the ways<br />

in which furniture and wooden objects deteriorate<br />

through a combination of issues of<br />

material, structure environment and usage.<br />

Practical methods of treatment of these<br />

problems are discussed in Part 4. Further information<br />

on the care and preservation of furniture<br />

and woodwork can be found in Guldbeck<br />

and MacLeish (1985), McGiffin (1992),<br />

Richardson (1993), Sandwith and Stainton<br />

(1993) and Williams (1988).<br />

Bibliography<br />

Alcouffe, D. (1977) The Restorers Handbook of Furniture,<br />

Van Nostrand Reinhold<br />

Baarsen, R.J. and Folkers, J.P. (1992) De restauratie van<br />

een ensemble Nederlandse marqueterie-meubelen uit de<br />

late achttiende eeuw, Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum, 40<br />

(2), 140–57<br />

Baumeister, M. and Müller-Arnecke, S. (1989) Die<br />

Veränderung eines barocken Chorgestühldorsals aus der<br />

ehemaligen Kartause zu Mainz, Zeitschrift für<br />

Kunsttechnologie und Konservierung, 3 (2), 378–93<br />

Blanchette, R.A. and Simpson, E. (1992) Soft rot and wood<br />

pseudomorphs in an ancient coffin (700 BC) from<br />

Tumulus MM at Gordion, Turkey, IAWA Bulletin, 13 (2),<br />

201–13<br />

Blanchette, R.A., Cease, K.R., Abad, A.R., Koestler, R.J.,<br />

Simpson, E. and Sams, G.K. (1991) An evaluation of<br />

different forms of deterioration found in archaeological<br />

wood, in Biodeterioration of Cultural Property, reprint<br />

from International Biodeterioration, 28, 1–4, Elsevier<br />

Applied Science, pp. 3–22<br />

Deterioration of wood and wooden structures 313<br />

Blanchette, R.A., Nilsson, T., Daniel, G. and Abad, A.<br />

(1990) Biological degradation of wood, in<br />

Archaeological <strong>Wood</strong> Properties, Chemistry, and<br />

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American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp. 141–74<br />

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Restaurierung alter Möbel, Callwey, pp. 115–29<br />

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(1987) Recognizing <strong>Wood</strong> Rot and Insect Damage in<br />

Buildings, Building Research Establishment<br />

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<strong>Wood</strong>, Stobart<br />

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Furniture Restoration, Batsford<br />

Buck, R.D. (1961) The use of moisture barriers on panel<br />

paintings, Studies in Conservation, 6 (1), 9–19<br />

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in the Conservation of Works of Art, ICCROM, Rome<br />

Chang, S-T., Hon, D.N.-S. and Feist, W.C. (1982)<br />

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surfaces, <strong>Wood</strong> and Fiber, April<br />

Considine, B.B., Jamet, M. and Østrup, A. (1990) The<br />

conservation of two pieces of boulle marquetry furniture<br />

in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum, in<br />

ICOM Committee for Conservation, Preprints 9th<br />

Triennial Meeting, Dresden, Vol. II, pp. 831–4<br />

Dawson, J.E. (1980) Biodegradation of wood, in<br />

Proceedings of the Furniture and <strong>Wood</strong>en Objects<br />

Symposium, Canadian Conservation Institute<br />

Desch, H.E. (1973) Timber, Its Structure and Properties,<br />

5th edn, Macmillan<br />

Dinwoodie, J.M. (1981) Timber, Its Nature and Behaviour,<br />

Van Nostrand Reinhold<br />

Eames, R. (1980) Conservation of a clock in the style of<br />

Boulle, in Proceedings of the Furniture and <strong>Wood</strong>en<br />

Objects Symposium, CCI, pp. 117–19<br />

Eriksson, K.-E.L., Blanchette, R.A. and Ander, P. (1990)<br />

Microbial and Enzymatic Degradation of <strong>Wood</strong> and<br />

<strong>Wood</strong> Components, Springer-Verlag<br />

Farmer, R.H. (1962) Corrosion of metals in association<br />

with wood, <strong>Wood</strong>, 27, 326–8 and 443–6<br />

Farmer, R.H. (1972) Handbook of Hardwoods, HMSO<br />

Feist, W.C. and Hon, D.N.-S. (1984) Chemistry of weathering<br />

and protection, in R. Rowell (ed.), The Chemistry<br />

of Solid <strong>Wood</strong>, Advances in Chemistry <strong>Series</strong>, No. 207,<br />

American Chemical Society, Washington, pp. 401–51<br />

Feller, R.L. (1971) Notes on the chemistry of bleaching,<br />

Bulletin IIC-AG, 11 (2), 47<br />

Fielden, B.M. (1982) The Conservation of Historic<br />

Buildings, Butterworths<br />

Forest Products Research Laboratory (1970) The<br />

Degradation of <strong>Wood</strong> by Metal Fasteners and Fittings,<br />

Timberlab Paper, FPRL, Princes Risborough<br />

Godla, J. and Hanlon, G. (1995) Some applications of<br />

Adobe Photoshop for the documentation of furniture<br />

conservation, JAIC, 34 (3), 157–72<br />

Guldbeck, P.E. and MacLeish, A.B. (1985) Care of Antiques<br />

and Historical Collections, 2nd edn, American<br />

Association for State and Local History, Nashville, TN<br />

Gustler, W.B. (1988) Eighteenth century case furniture<br />

analysis and treatments, in AIC <strong>Wood</strong>en Artifacts Group,<br />

Conference Papers, New Orleans

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