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Vrin. S Suarez, Francisco. 1612. De Legibus ac Deo Legislatore. Selections from three works of Francisco Suárez, S.J. Trans, Gwladys L. Williams, Ammi Brown and John Waldron. TI G. W. Leibniz, Textes Inédits. 1948. Ed. Gaston Grua Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1948. Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God and the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil. G.W. Leibniz. 1990. Ed. Austin Farrar. Trans. E.M. Huggard. Chicago: Open Court. Commentary Adams, Robert Merrihew. 2005. “Moral Necessity” in Leibniz: Nature and Freedom. Eds. Donald Rutherford and J.A. Cover. Oxford UP. _____. 1994. Leibniz: Determinist, Idealist, Theist. Oxford UP. Aiton, E. J. 1985. Leibniz: A Biography. Adam Hilger Ltd. Allen, Diogenes. 1983. “The Present Day Relevance of Leibniz’s Moral Philosophy.” IV. Internationaler Leibniz-Kongress, Vorträge. Hannover. Bailhache, Patrice. 1991. “An Essay in Deontic Logic” (Essai de logique déontique) Paris: Librarie Philosophique, J. Vrin. Beeley, Philip. 1997. “Right Reason and Natural Law in Hobbes and Leibniz,” Synthesis Philosophica. 24 2. (pp. 445-459). Berkowitz, Roger. 2005. The Gift of Science; Leibniz and the Modern Legal Tradition. Harvard UP. Blank, Andreas. 2004. “Definitions, Sorites Arguments, and Leibniz’s Méditation sur la notion commune de la justice.” The Leibniz Review Vol. 14 (pp. 153- 166) Blumenfeld, David. 1995. “Perfection and Happiness in the Best Possible World.” Cambridge Companion to Leibniz. Ed. Nicholas Jolley. Cambrige UP. Brown, Gregory. 1995. “Leibniz’s Moral Philosophy,” in Cambridge Companion to Leibniz, ed. Nicholas Jolley, Cambridge UP. Busche, Hubertus. 1997. Leibniz’s Weg ins perspektivische Universum. Hamburg: Felix Meiner Verlag. _____. 1991. “Die innere Logik der Liebe in Leibnizens Elementa Juris Naturalis.” 262
Studia Leibniziana. Band 22. vol.2. Chappell, Vere, (ed.) 1994. Cambridge Companion to Locke.1994. Cambridge UP. Couturat, Louis. 1901. La Logique de Leibniz. Paris: Alcan. Cover, J. A. and John O'Leary-Hawthorne. 1999. Substance and Individuation in Leibniz. New York: Cambridge UP. Grosholz, Emily. 1993. “Leibniz and the Two Labyrinths,” in Leibniz and Adam. Ed., Marcelo Dascal and Elhanan Yakira. Tel Aviv: <strong>University</strong> Publishing Projects Ltd. Grua, Gaston. 1956. La Justice Humaine selon Leibniz. Presses Universitaires de France. _____.1953. Jurisprudence Universelle et Théodicée selon Leibniz. Presses Universitaires de France. Haakonssen, Knud. 1998. “Divine/natural law theories in ethics,” in Daniel Garber and Michael Ayers, eds., The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Philosophy, vols. 1–2 Cambridge: Cambridge UP (pp. 1317–1357). Harris, John. 1977. “Leibniz and Locke on Innate Ideas.” Ratio 16 (1974) repr. in Locke on Human Understanding, ed. I.C. Tipton Oxford: Oxford UP. Heinekamp, Albert. 1986. “Das Glück als Höchstes Gut in Leibniz.” The Leibniz Renaissance. International Workshop, Firenze: Gioungo _____.1969. Das Problem des Guten bei Leibniz. Kantstudien Ergänzungshefte. Bouvier Verlag. Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie. 1971. hg.v. Joachim Ritter et al., Basel/Darmstadt. Bd. V. p. 384. Hochstrasser, T.J. 2000. Natural Law Theories in the Early Enlightenment. Cambridge UP. Hooker, Michael. (ed.) 1982. Leibniz: Critical and Interpretive Essays. Minnesota UP. Hostler, John. 1975. Leibniz’s Moral Philosophy. New York: Harper & Row. Jolley, Nicholas. 1984. Leibniz and Locke: A Study of the New Essays on Human Understanding. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Kahn, R. 1909. Die Grundbegriffe der Philosophie Leibnizens. Tübingen: Schnürlen. 263
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Stony Brook University The official
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Copyright by Christopher Lowell Joh
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Abstract of the Dissertation The Sc
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The more power he has, the less lic
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Section 1: Introduction............
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show, however, that pleasure and lo
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CHAPTER ONE: SUBJECTIVE RIGHT AND T
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By a plan for studies we mean a cer
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that for Leibniz the science of jur
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of these sources. In (1) the ground
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etween “fact” on one hand and
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however ‘public utility’ is def
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Grotius’ two significations of
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obligatio. That is, conceptually sp
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one’s own body; furthermore, give
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words, the sense in which God is su
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ight of war and punishment to the S
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qualities are the ground of public
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what conforms to the best or perfec
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Beginning with jus strictum or what
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proportion to contribution, this is
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of equity. 117 Nevertheless, it app
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agrees with the distinction between
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eward or fear of punishment, nor si
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eflecting God’s perfection as muc
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second degrees. As a precept of pie
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of a set of prudential instructions
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In Drafts 5 and 6 Leibniz then appl
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egulated. As we will eventually see
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advantage connected with the disadv
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To see how this passage implies pru
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establishes three important positio
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Justice must (and will always) invo
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y making the “deduction” that t
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Leibniz also seems to think that th
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[determine] the truth of propositio
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Prudence, furthermore, cannot be se
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Once again, as was to be shown, dut
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own and other good. The first defin
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of the matter. The main considerati
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of any other good, even if pleasure
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failing to recognize that pleasure
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another. Leibniz’s “epagogic”
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of right. Since right is the moral
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critical diligence to his definitio
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constant, I say, not that it may no
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mode of right have different truth
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the four types of statements of the
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accommodates this principle in the
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overcome the heart, as the Germans
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(1). “A Person is one who (2) lov
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state, but in being unimpeded from
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the Meditation Leibniz says that th
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will be tacitly understood. Because
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probability of an action occurring
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perceive and direct the harmonious
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However, it ought to be recognized
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CHAPTER THREE: THE MIDDLE PERIOD: I
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deductive system of natural right.
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It appears that the “modes of rig
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The just—or permitted, forbidden,
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is the right from which humans act,
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normative character they must be un
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Precepts of Right (Leibniz, Digest)
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This passage is quite important and
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and penalties” but rather are abl
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of the three degrees in the same te
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It is interesting that Leibniz defi
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And since charity is the habit of l
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has also influenced the prevailing
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What must not be overlooked is that
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the wise, and many other things bes
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degrees is to be found in the sourc
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dealings, except when an important
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sacrifice our own happiness for the
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CHAPTER FOUR: LEIBNIZ’S DEMONSTRA
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terms used frequently throughout th
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these distinctions in demonstration
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It is important to state the distin
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Section 3. Demonstration in general
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that Leibniz has used for various p
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necessary truths, but are contingen
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defines definition in the following
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Another example of the difference i
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It will be further asked what the g
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possible; but this does not show th
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Leibniz’s argument is this: To ma
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notion of probability, which they h
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quasi-platonic essences (residing i
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arguments on innateness, we discove
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manifest proofs that they are not i
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in mathematics, the measures of rig
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egulating our practice. (E 1.2.3) I
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senses what joy and sorrow are. (NE
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follows where we left off on page 8
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As Leibniz has argued similarly in
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It is not quite clear what he means
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just because a principle is not kno
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not have distinct knowledge of its
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actions and the goodness or evil th
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Essais. These sources, as he says t
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Leibniz cites a number of instincts
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our passions and our present concer
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The ordinary use of the word ‘pro
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state, constitute [natural right];
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ecognizes how the senses can obscur
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proposition; rather, possessing a v
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CHAPTER SIX: MONITA AND MEDITATION:
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committing crimes with impunity. Ul
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In the science of [right], rather,
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i.e., that she is the author of her
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Page 235 and 236: ‘equality,’ considered as “co
Page 237 and 238: such a way that no one has a reason
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Page 241 and 242: this. In any case, the real problem
Page 243 and 244: This means that the slave should be
Page 245 and 246: its efficient cause in the divine i
Page 247 and 248: a degree is it repugnant to reason
Page 249 and 250: external principle that compels God
Page 251 and 252: again at last to the Ciceronian for
Page 253 and 254: as equity; justice as love) were de
Page 255 and 256: CHAPTER SEVEN: NECESSITY, OBLIGATIO
Page 257 and 258: Thus in the Theodicy Leibniz uses m
Page 259 and 260: incapable of demonstrations. A scie
Page 261 and 262: Furthermore, we must not forget tha
Page 263 and 264: perceived to be the good. 24 Howeve
Page 265 and 266: Several points are notable here: Fi
Page 267 and 268: find the eternal rules of goodness
Page 269 and 270: Accordingly, the perfection of the
Page 271 and 272: an account of virtue. This shows, o
Page 273: H Hobbes, Thomas. 1651. Leviathan.
Page 277 and 278: Reiner, Hans. 1977. “Die Goldene
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