Case Studies in the Achievement of Air Superiority - Air Force ...

SOVIET Am FORCE
VVS in the Initial Period of the Great Patriotic War], Voenno- istoricheskiy zhurnrrl, 11 (November
1983). p 31. Lt Gen Gorbachev also points out that the size of the regiment in that
period (60 to 64 planes) made it necessary in some cases to occupy more than one airfield or
to crowd them excessively on one field.
17. Polevoy ustav Krasnoy Armii (proekt 1941 g. [Field Regulations of the Red Army
(projected for 1941)l (Moscow: Voenizdat’, 1941). p 17 as cited in Ist. Velik. Otech. Voyn.,
vol 1, p 448.
18. Boevoy ustav istrebitel’noy aviatsii 1940 g. [Combat Regulations for Fighter Aviation
19401 (Moscow: Voenizdat’, 1940). p 5, as cited in Ist. Velik. Otech, Voyn., vol I, p 449.
19. Boevoy ustav bombardirovochnoy aviatsii 1940 g. [Combat Regulations for Bomber
Aviation 19401 (Moscow, Voenizdat’, 1940). pp 8-9, as cited in 1st Velik. Otech. Voyn., vol I,
p 449.
20. Ist. Velik. Otech. Voyn., vol I, p 449.
21. Text of “Case Barbarossa” in H. R. Trevor-Roper, ed, Blitzkrieg to Defeat: Hitler’s
War Directives, 1934-1945 (New York, 1964), pp 49-52.
22. H. Plocher, The German Air Force Versus Russia, 1941, ed. H. R. Fletcher (Maxwell
AFB, Ala., 1965), pp 30-35.
23. The Soviet Air Force in World War II, ed. by Ray Wagner and trans. by L. Fetzer
(New York, 1973). p 26; P. A. Rotmistrov, in his Istoriya Voennogo Iskusstva [A History of
Military Art], 2 vols, (Moscow: Voennoe Izdatel’stvo Ministerstva Oborony SSR, 1963), vol
11, p 43, gives a much higher figure for the German air strength. He has a total of 4,940
aircraft with the three main army groups, including the Rumanian contribution, plus the
Finns with 900 planes for a grand total of 4,940 aircraft; Gorbachev, Voenno-istoricheskiy
zhurnal, p 25, gives a figure very close to Rotmistrov’s, viz. 4,980.
24. Garthoff, Soviet Military Doctrine, p 503.
25. Ibid., p 429.
26. Ist. Velik. Otech. Voyn., vol I, p 476.
27. Ibid.
28. Plocher, German Air Force Versus Russia, 1941, p 41.
29. Ist. Velik. Otech. Voyn., vol 11, p 16; Erickson, Soviet High Command, p 593, reports
2,000 Soviet aircraft destroyed in the first 48 hours.
30. Plocher, German Air Force Versus Russia, 1941, p 42.
31. Gorbachev, Voenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal, p 28.
32. Matthew Cooper, The German Air Force 1933-1945: An Anatomy of Failure (London,
1981), p 224.
33. The Soviet Air Force in World War II, pp 60-63.
34. Ibid., p 44.
35. Up to March 1942, the Soviet long-range bombing force was called Dal’nyaya bombardirovochnaya
aviatsiya or DBA. From March 1942 until December 1944 it was named
Aviatsiya dal’nego deystviya, or ADD, and for the rest of the war was called the Eighteenth
Air Army. Under any of the above designations, the “long-range” was a relative term since
the inventory had more medium- and short-range bombers than really long-range ones. See
A. Tyskin, “Taktika dal’ney bombardirovshnoy aviatsii v letne-osenney kampanni (1941
goda)” [Tactics of Long-range Bombardment Aviation in the Summer and Fall Campaign
(1941)l Voenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal, 12 (December 1971), p 65.
36. V. Reshetnikov, “Primenenie aviatsiya dal’nego deystviya” [Employment of Longrange
Aviation], Voenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal, 2 (February 1978), p 36.
37. Rotmistrov, Istoriya Voennogo Iskusstva, vol 11, p 49.
38. Cooper, The German Air Force, pp 225-26.
39. Ist. Veliki. Otech. Voyn., vol6, pp 45-46.
40. Ibid., pp. 45-48; Alexander, Russian Aircraft, pp 1-4.
41. Cooper. The German Air Force, p 262.
42. Albert Seaton, The Battle for Moscow (New York, 1971). chap 4.
43. Soviet Air Force in World War II, pp 78-79.
44. Memoirs of Marshal Zhukov, p 350.
45. Soviet Air Force in World War II, p 79.
46. SVE, vol2, p 292; See M. Kozhevnikov, “Rozhdenie vozdushnykh armiy” [Birth of
the Air Armies], Voenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal, 9 (September 1972). pp 68-72, for details. A
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