African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

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Fig. 5.21 Urban and Rural Access to Improved SanitationAlgeriaAngolaBeninBotswanaBurkina F asoBurundiCameroonCape VerdeC. African RepChadComorosCongoCongo, Dem RepCôte d'IvoireDjiboutiEgyptEq. GuineaEritreaEthiopiaGabonGambiaGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauKenyaLesothoLibyaMadagascarMalawiMaliMauritan iaMauritiusMoroccoMozambiqueNamibiaNigerNigeriaRwandaSenegalSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSudanTanzaniaTogoTunisiaUgandaZambiaZimbabweProgress in Urban Access to Improved Sanitation inAfrica, 1990-20000 20 40 60 80 100AlgeriaAngolaBeninBotswanaBurkina FasoBurundiCameroonCape VerdeC. African RepChadComorosCongo, DemCôte d'IvoireDjiboutiEgyptEq. GuineaEritreaEthiopiaGabonGambiaGhanaGuineaGuinea -BissauKenyaLesothoLibyaMadagascarMalawiMaliMauritaniaMauritiusMoroccoMozambiqueNamibiaNigerNigeriaRwandaSenegalSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSudanTanzaniaTogoTunisiaUgandaZambiaZimbabweProgress in Rural Access to Improved SanitationSub Sahara Africa, 1990-20000 20 40 60 80 100WATER FOR MEETING BASIC NEEDS2000 19902000 1990105
African Water Development Report 2006Progress in and Current Levels of Accessto Improved Water Supply andSanitationSince 1990, there has been some progress in thenumber of people with access to improved watersupply and sanitation in Africa but the percentageof coverage did not increase much due to theconsiderable increases in population. Accordingto the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programmein 2004, in sub-Saharan Africa someprogress was made in the rural areas where 69million more people gained access to water supplyin rural settings during the period 1990-2002(over 9 per cent).Although the percentage of people served inthe urban areas did not change during the sameperiod, 82 million more people gained accessto water supply in towns. The percentage of thesupply increase was offset by that of the urbandemographic growth and rural-urban migrationwhich increased the population of towns/citiesby 100 million more people. In northern Africa,some progress was also made in the rural areaswhere coverage increased by 2 per cent, risingfrom 82 per cent to 84 per cent.During the same period, while about a millionmore people were served with improved watersupply in urban areas, the urban population in-Fig. 5.22: Population served and notserved with improved water supplysources - 1990Fig. 5.23: Population served and notserved with improved water supplysources - 2002Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP, 2004Fig. 5.24: Population served and notserved with improved sanitation - 1990Fig. 5.25: Population served and notserved with improved sanitation - 2002106Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP, 2004
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
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The African Water Development Repor
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INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
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WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
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African Water Development Report 20
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INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
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INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
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(i) Specific for a certain stress o
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Water and ecosystemWater and indust
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Purpose: Global water security prov
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Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
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Human Development Index (HDI): This
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The Environmental Sustainability In
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Significant Indicators - Libya1. Li
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ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
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FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
Page 64 and 65: annual flows of rivers and groundwa
Page 66 and 67: Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
Page 68 and 69: Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
Page 72 and 73: Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
Page 74 and 75: Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
Page 76 and 77: Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
Page 78 and 79: Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
Page 80 and 81: Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
Page 82 and 83: Although some African countries hav
Page 84 and 85: Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
Page 86 and 87: The problem of wastewater disposal
Page 88 and 89: FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
Page 90: Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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Page 113: African Water Development Report 20
Page 134 and 135: PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
Page 136 and 137: abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
Page 138 and 139: Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
Page 142 and 143: Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
Page 144 and 145: Fertilisers are also a potential th
Page 146 and 147: Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
Page 148 and 149: Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
Page 150 and 151: Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
Page 152 and 153: espective of the fact that some oth
Page 154 and 155: Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
Page 156 and 157: past few decades, population densit
Page 158 and 159: Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
Page 160 and 161: Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
Page 162 and 163: Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
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Table 11.1: Some Major Transboundar
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Table 11.3: Types of Management Ins
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Box 11.3Emerging Principles Underly
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the 1950s severely disrupted tradit
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1000 to 2000 cubic meters (m3) per
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countries in the southern portion o
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to manage water resources among rip
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non-payment of financial dues. Some
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Table 11.5: Some Basic Features of
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Water Resources Management In Afric
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ENSURING THEKNOWLEDGE BASESince anc
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polluted due to overgrazing, and ce
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Box 16.2: Indigenous Knowledge on C
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The present day call for integrated
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cipitation monitoring; determinatio
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processes and situations or to an o
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Capacity Building in AfricaFrom the
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The requisite enabling environment
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African countries can obviously not
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the science and technology of the s
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Box 16.9: Research Institutions in
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Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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(a) Journal of Hydraulic Research:
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Key Outputs: The first steps for th
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Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
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particular relevance to data collec
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of water in agriculture through imp
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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended
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IWRM Course Participants according
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5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
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GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
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IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
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Public Participation;(d) Informatio
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a regional framework for Africa as
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Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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