African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

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Significant Indicators - Libya1. Life expectancy: 72.5 yrs (2003), 70 yrs(2002) , 46 yrs (1970)2. Infant mortality: 118 per 1000 (1973), 24per 1000 (1995)3. Social and health services: 11% of the budget(1973-1985); 19% of the budget (1976-2000)4. 95% of population with access to medicalservices (1995)5. 45% of population with access to medicalservices (1973)6. Illiteracy rates: 14% (2000), 61% (1973)7. School enrollment for ages between 6 and24 yrs. 77% (2001), 64% (1973)8. Female enrollment in basic education:78.5% (1995), 11% (1973)9. Male enrollment in basic education: 80.4(1995), 23%(1973)10. 76% of housing units are connected topotable water networks (2002), 61%(1973)11. 48% of housing units are connected tosewage collection networks (2002), 17%(1973)12. 99% of housing units are connected to electricalpower supply (2002)13. Administrative and managerial staff (% offemales) 10% (1995)14. Unemployment rate (2003): Male 16.87,Female 18.47, Total 17.2815. Unemployment rate (1995) Total 10.8616. % of workers in agriculture, fisheries (2003)4.8%17. Rural population (as % of total) 15.0(1995)18. Annual growth rate of rural population: (-2.20) 199519. Education budget (as % of national budget):38.2 (1998)20. Number of centers and institutions for scientificresearch: 18 (1998)21. Number of staff at R&D centers (as per100000 people): 1100 (1998)22. Percentage of female (as % of staff at R&Dcenters): 13.0 (1998)23. University degree holders (as % of the staffat R&D centers): 80 (1998)24. Urban population (as % of total) 60.2%(1973), 85.7% (1995)25. Annual population growth rate (973-1995): 3.5%26. Electricity consumption (kw per capita):2688 (1998)27. Real GDP (million dinars) based on 1997prices:1998: 13159.22000: 14141.62001: 14206.22002: 14557.62003: 15234.928. Average of inflation rate in 1998 (as % of1992): 4829. GDP growth rate in 1997 (as % of1992=100): 136.3INDICATORS - MEASURING THE PROGRESS OF THE Africa Water Vision49
African Water Development Report 2006SOUTH AFRICAINDICATORS FOR DRIVERSSerial Indicator Quantified Indicators QualifiedDescription orCommentVALUE YEAR1 Human Poverty Index: 5 indicators 16.422.3199520032 Incidence of water-related diseases 27781124320042004Cholera casesMalaria cases3 Population 46.6m 20044 Population growth rate 2% 1996-01 Growth betweenofficial censusfigures5 Renewable water resources within a country 49 040Mm 36 Withdrawals: % of total annual renewable freshwater26.2 % 20007 Water scarcity: number of countries South Africa is onthe threshold ofwater scarcity8 Water shortages: no. of people without formalinfrastructure in South Africa9 No. of countries unable to supply minimumdrinking water3.7m 2005 Unable to interpretthis indicator toSouth AfricaSouth Africa is ableto supply minimumdrinking water72.3% 200010 Transboundary rivers: (% population dependenton them)11 Polluted water: (% of population exposed to it) Unable to interpretthis indicator toSouth Africa12 Natural disasters: deaths from water-related 1406 1950-96 Flood relatedcauses13 Climate change: effects on water scarcity -10% 2015 Reduction in runoffin the western areasof the countrySOURCES ACCORDING TO SERIAL NUMBER:123456101213UNDP. The Challenge of Sustainable Development in South Africa. Third Human DevelopmentReport. 2003. p45SA Department of Health. on 11 April 2005Statistics South Africa. Mid-year population estimates, 2004. Statistical release P0302Statistics South Africa. Census 2001: Census in Brief. 2003National Water Strategy, Table 2.1. Sept 2004National Water Strategy, Table 2.1. Sept 2004National Water Strategy, Fig 2.3 (underlying data). Sept 2004DWAF. Historical flood documentation in South Africa – 1652 to 1996. Report TR152. 1997South Africa. Initial National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate Change 2000 p3550
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
Page 8 and 9: The African Water Development Repor
Page 10 and 11: INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
Page 12: WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
Page 15 and 16: African Water Development Report 20
Page 36: INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
Page 44 and 45: INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
Page 46 and 47: (i) Specific for a certain stress o
Page 48 and 49: Water and ecosystemWater and indust
Page 50 and 51: Purpose: Global water security prov
Page 52 and 53: Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
Page 54 and 55: Human Development Index (HDI): This
Page 56 and 57: The Environmental Sustainability In
Page 60 and 61: ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
Page 62 and 63: FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
Page 64 and 65: annual flows of rivers and groundwa
Page 66 and 67: Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
Page 68 and 69: Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
Page 72 and 73: Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
Page 74 and 75: Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
Page 76 and 77: Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
Page 78 and 79: Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
Page 80 and 81: Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
Page 82 and 83: Although some African countries hav
Page 84 and 85: Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
Page 86 and 87: The problem of wastewater disposal
Page 88 and 89: FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
Page 90: Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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African Water Development Report 20
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PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
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abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
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Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
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Fertilisers are also a potential th
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Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
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espective of the fact that some oth
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Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
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past few decades, population densit
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Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
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Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
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Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
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Table 11.1: Some Major Transboundar
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Table 11.3: Types of Management Ins
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Box 11.3Emerging Principles Underly
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the 1950s severely disrupted tradit
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1000 to 2000 cubic meters (m3) per
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countries in the southern portion o
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to manage water resources among rip
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non-payment of financial dues. Some
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Table 11.5: Some Basic Features of
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Water Resources Management In Afric
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ENSURING THEKNOWLEDGE BASESince anc
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polluted due to overgrazing, and ce
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Box 16.2: Indigenous Knowledge on C
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The present day call for integrated
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cipitation monitoring; determinatio
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processes and situations or to an o
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Capacity Building in AfricaFrom the
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The requisite enabling environment
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African countries can obviously not
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the science and technology of the s
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Box 16.9: Research Institutions in
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Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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(a) Journal of Hydraulic Research:
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Key Outputs: The first steps for th
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Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
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particular relevance to data collec
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of water in agriculture through imp
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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended
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IWRM Course Participants according
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5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
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GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
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IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
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Public Participation;(d) Informatio
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a regional framework for Africa as
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Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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