African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

Africa (Nigeria), Central Africa (Gabon), andSouthern Africa (Angola). East Africa hardlyproduces any oil, gas, or coal (Energy in Africa,1999).Per capita Commercial Energy ConsumptionAs of 1997, Africa was consuming about 26,300Btu of commercial energy per 1997 dollar ofGDP and 14.9 million Btu per person. Thiscompares to world averages of about 13,600 Btuper 1997 dollar of GDP and 65 million Btu perperson, respectively. Africa’s energy intensity(energy consumption per 1997 dollar of GDP)rose by 71 per cent during 1970-1997. Thiscompares to a decline of around 28 per cent inthe world average energy intensity. Africa’s energyintensity rose steadily during 1970-1985,leveled off in the mid-1990s, and is projectedto decline slowly up to 2020 (Energy in Africa,1999). Energy consumption per person in Africaincreased somewhat during the 1970s andearly 1980s, but since then has mainly leveledoff, and is expected to decline only slightly upto 2020. While African energy consumption perdollar of GDP has been consistently far higherthan the world average, the continent’s energyconsumption per capita has been consistently farlower. Therefore, although the average Africanuses far less energy than the world average perperson, producing a dollar’s worth of GDP usesmore energy in Africa than does the world average(Energy in Africa, 1999).HARNESSING ENERGY FOR DEVELOPMENTEnergy Consumption per Dollar of GDP/Energy Consumption per Capita GraphsSource: Energy Information Administration / US Department of EnergyAfrican Regional Primary Energy Consumption, Production and Net Exports, 1997CountryConsumptioportstioports*Net Ex-Consump-Net Ex-ProductionCountryProductionCameroon 0.08 0.30 0.22 Angola 0.09 1.55 1.46Central African Republic0.005 0.001 -0.004 Botswana 0.04 0.02 -0.02Chad 0.003 0 -0.003 Comoros 0.001 0.0002 -0.001Congo 0.02 0.56 0.54 Lesotho 0.01 0.00 -0.01Dem. Rep. of Congo 0.13 0.13 0 Madagascar 0.02 0.01 -0.02Equatorial Guinea 0.002 0.10 0.098 Malawi 0.02 0.01 -0.01Gabon 0.06 0.81 0.75 Mauritius 0.04 0.00 -0.04São Tome & Príncipe 0.001 0 -0.001 Mozambique 0.02 0.00 -0.02221