African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended to enhanceaccess to information related to freshwateravailable on the World Wide Web. The site provideslinks to the current UNESCO and UNES-CO-led programmes on freshwater and willserve as an interactive point for sharing, browsingand searching websites of water-related organizations,government bodies and NGOs, includinga range of categories such as water links,water events, learning modules and other on-lineresources. Surfers can also add or modify links tohelp maintain an accurate online resource. Themain gateways lead to the following:(a) IHP – International Hydrological Programme;(b) WWAP - World Water Assessment Programme;(c) Water Events;(d) Water Links;(e) Water Celebrations;(f ) IN FOCUS on pressing current issues onwater related problems;(g) RESOURCESFAO Water related PortalsIn order to promote and diffuse information onthe efficient use and conservation of water resourcesto achieve food security and sustainableagriculture and rural development, the WaterResources, Development and Management Serviceof the FAO has developed thematic portalson various key activities of the organizationwhich include:(a) Water Information and Statistics Portal:(ii) AQUASTAT - Statistics and Informationon Water and Agriculture;(iii) Land-water Linkages in Rural Watersheds;(iv) Web publications on selected water issues;(v) On-line documents - Water;(vi) Water Harvesting training course;(vii) International Email Conference on IrrigationManagement Transfer (IMT)(b) Irrigation Portal:(i) Database on Education and TrainingCourses in Irrigation, Drainage andFlood Control;(viii) IES - Irrigation Equipment Supply Database;(ix) International Email Conference on IrrigationManagement Transfer (IMT);(x) IPTRID - International. Programmefor Technology and Research in Irrigationand Drainage;(xi) Participatory Training and Extension inFarmers’ Water Management; and(xii) SIMIS - Scheme Irrigation ManagementInformation SystemENSURING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE333
African Water Development Report 2006Box 16.12: IWRM Initiative: Postgraduate Training Course for Sub Sahara Africa– 2002/2003Following the unfolding worldwide events leading to the declaration of the United Nations Millennium DevelopmentGoals for water supply and sanitation and the crosscutting role of water in the other development goals, TheWater Resources Research and Documentation Centre (WARREDOC) of the Perugia University for Foreigners,Italy, proposed a training course on Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) for sub-Saharan Africancountries. The proposal was presented to the General Directorate for Cooperation and Development and theGeneral Directorate for sub-Saharan Africa, both of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs for financial support. Thecourse proposal reflected the cardinal ideas enshrined in the Africa Water Vision 2025 which was developed tostimulate a shift in approach toward a more equitable and sustainable use and management of Africa’s water resourcesfor poverty alleviation, socio-economic development, regional cooperation and the environment. Thatis to guarantee, in a sustainable way, Water for people, Water for food security and Water for nature. The courseprogramme was therefore based on the documents of the World and Africa Water Visions and their respectiveFrameworks for Action, the 2 nd World Water Summit and the Global Water Partnership. In view of the urgent needfor human expertise and institutional capacity towards the achievement of this vision and the Millennium DevelopmentGoals, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs approved the proposal with due financial support, and the course washeld from 23 September 2002 to 23 March 2003.The Course Programme covered, amongst others things, the following:Introduction: Introduction to IWRM Principles, Hydro-Climatic Processes, Basic Hydraulics.Tools for (multisectoral) environmental data management: Principles of Geographical Information Systems: spatialdata, attributes, metadata, GIS Database management.Engineering Hydrology and Hydraulics: Analysis of Hydrological Processes, Groundwater Hydrology, Hydraulicsof Water Distribution Systems.Irrigation and Drainage: Computation of Agrometeorological Characteristics, Optimization of Irrigation Systems,Modern Techniques for the Minimization of Irrigation WaterWater Supply and Sanitation: Sanitation and Freshwater Resources, Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants,Water Distribution Networks in Fast Growing Urban Centres, Rural Water Supply and SanitationEnvironmental monitoring: Hydrometeorological and agrometeorological measurements, Optimization ofHydrometeorological Data Networks, Principles of remote sensing and image interpretation, Hydrological DataAssimilation and Information SystemsWater Resources and Environmental Management: Territorial and River Basin Water Resources Assessment,Demand Management in Water Supply and Irrigation, Environmental and Social Impacts of water ResourcesDevelopment, Control and Management of Erosion, Sediment Transport and Reservoir Siltation.Water Resources Administration: Water Law and Administration, Institutional Aspects of Water ResourcesPlanning, Conflict prevention and management, Governance and Leadership skills.Projects and Case Studies on relevant water-related problems chosen by the participants in their homecountries.Technical Visits to Selected Water Resources Projects and Agencies in ItalyThe course was attended by 25 water personnel from nine countries and distributed as follows:334
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
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The African Water Development Repor
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INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
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WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
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African Water Development Report 20
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INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
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INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
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(i) Specific for a certain stress o
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Water and ecosystemWater and indust
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Purpose: Global water security prov
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Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
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Human Development Index (HDI): This
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The Environmental Sustainability In
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Significant Indicators - Libya1. Li
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ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
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FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
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annual flows of rivers and groundwa
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Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
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Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
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Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
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Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
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Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
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Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
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Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
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Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
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Although some African countries hav
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Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
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The problem of wastewater disposal
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FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
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Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
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abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
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Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
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Fertilisers are also a potential th
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Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
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espective of the fact that some oth
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Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
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past few decades, population densit
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Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
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Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
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Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
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Table 11.1: Some Major Transboundar
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Table 11.3: Types of Management Ins
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Box 11.3Emerging Principles Underly
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the 1950s severely disrupted tradit
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1000 to 2000 cubic meters (m3) per
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countries in the southern portion o
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to manage water resources among rip
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non-payment of financial dues. Some
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Table 11.5: Some Basic Features of
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Water Resources Management In Afric
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Page 291 and 292: African Water Development Report 20
Page 308 and 309: ENSURING THEKNOWLEDGE BASESince anc
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Page 312 and 313: Box 16.2: Indigenous Knowledge on C
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Page 330 and 331: Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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Page 334 and 335: Key Outputs: The first steps for th
Page 336 and 337: Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
Page 338 and 339: particular relevance to data collec
Page 340 and 341: of water in agriculture through imp
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Page 346 and 347: 5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
Page 348: GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
Page 368 and 369: IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
Page 370 and 371: Public Participation;(d) Informatio
Page 372 and 373: a regional framework for Africa as
Page 374: Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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