African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

The average per capita consumption for domesticuse is 120/L/day/person in Gaborone and alower 62.5 L/day/person in Francistown. Dailyuse by government and industry is estimated at28 099 m3 and 11529 m3 in Gaborone. Comparablefigures for Francistown are 9542 m3 and3167 m3. Through water management measures,WUC has reduced its unaccounted-for-waterlosses (UAL), which represent leakages, nonpaymentand illegal abstractions. The losses areestimated to be 12 per cent compared to over20 per cent previously. DWA estimate the averageUAL of large villages at 30 per cent withlosses in excess of 40 per cent in some villages(Mathangwane and Molale, 2004).Swaziland – Impact of HIV/AIDS onWater SupplyThe Swaziland Water Services Corporation,which provides water and sewerage services inurban centres, faces a number of challenges thattend to limit its success in providing water andsewerage services in these areas. The HIV/AIDSpandemic continues to be a major concern andchallenge to the Corporation. The HIV/AIDSpandemic is having serious social and financialimpact on the Corporation, as children are becomingthe household owners responsible forpaying the bills. The other challenges includeunaccounted-for-water (UAW) which, in 2004,was around 47 per cent, the rapidly increasingproduction costs, increasing poverty, the generallack of acknowledgement and knowledge thatwater is a valuable resource requiring special attentionfor its conservation, the non-commitmentof the share holder to investing in buildinga series of raw storage/dams and assisting in theprovision of the necessary huge infrastructurefor bringing water to the people regardless oftheir location, the scourge of HIV/AIDS whichis reducing ability to pay for water services, thegrowing need for a reliable clean water supplywhether in urban or rural areas, and the problemof having to ration water in some regions (particularlyin Lubombo) where the raw water levelsremain low due to inadequate rainfall (AWDRNational Report).WATER AND URBAN ENVIRONMENTS187