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ReferencesAmbenje P. G.: Regional Drought MonitoringCentres – The Case of Eastern and SouthernAfrica. United Nations Regional Workshopon the Use of Space Technology for DisasterManagement for Africa 1 to 5 July 2002, AddisAbaba, Ethiopia Office for Outer Space Affairs,UN Office, GenevaAndah K. & Andah W.: Water resources Implicationsof Climate Change Threats in the UpperVolta River Basin. Presented to the InternationalWorkshop on Hydrological Extremes andClimate in Tropical Areas and their Control, tobe held at University of Brescia, 1-3 October2003.Andah K. & Ubertini L.: Confronting HydrogeologicalDisasters in a Vulnerable Environment.In Andah K. (ed.) MANAGINGHYDRO-GEOLOGICAL DISASTERS INA VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT, GrifoPublishers, Perugia, 1998.Andah K., Borsetto M. and Siccardi F.; RE-PORT ON THE RECENT FLOODS INTHE SUDAN: presented to the GeneralDirectorate for Development and Co-operationof the Italian Ministry for Foreign Affairs, onbehalf of the National Group for the Preventionfrom Hydro-Geological Disasters of theNational Research Council of Italy, 1988.Andah K., Caporali E. & Petrucci A.: Communicatingthe Warning Message and the RiskPerception of User Communities. In Andah K.(editor): HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL DISAS-TER REDUCTION: DEVELOPMENTSAND PERSPECTIVES. Proceedings of theInternational Workshop on 10 Years after theIDNDR – How Near are we towards Hydro-Geological Disaster Reduction, organised underthe patronage of the Italian National Researchcouncil (CNR), World Meteorological Organisation(WMO) and UNESCO. CNR publicationNo. 2508, Grifo Publishers, Perugia, 2002Andah K.: Information and Knowledge Transferas a process of Continuing Education inEnvironmental and Water Resources Management.In Andah K. (editor): HYDRO-GEO-LOGICAL DISASTER REDUCTION:DEVELOPMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES.Proceedings of the International Workshop on10 Years after the IDNDR – How Near are wetowards Hydro-Geological Disaster Reduction,organised under the patronage of the ItalianNational Research council (CNR), WorldMeteorological Organisation (WMO) andUNESCO. CNR publication No. 2508, GrifoPublishers, Perugia, 2002Andah K.: Technology Transfer and InformationDissemination in Developing Countries,Article level contribution to the UNESCO Encyclopaediaon Life Support Systems. EOLSSon-line: http://greenplanet.eolss.net/Eolss-Logn/LoginForm.aspx, UNESCO, 2002bAndah K.: Water Resources Technology Transferand Capacity Building, Topic level contributionto the UNESCO Encyclopaedia on LifeSupport Systems. EOLSS on-line: access tologin http://greenplanet.eolss.net/EolssLogn/LoginForm.aspx, UNESCO, 2002aAWDR Draft Synthesis of National Reports ofthe Northern Sub Region, 2005.AWDR National Reports (Congo Rep., Nigeria,Cameroon, Benin, Burundi, Niger, D.R.Congo, Gabon), 2003.AWDR National Reports (Egypt, Algeria,Tunisia, Mauritania, Libya, Sudan, Morocco,Ethiopia, South Africa, Malawi, Zimbabwe,Mauritius, Botswana,), 2005BBC News (2005): Somali tsunami victim tollrises News Release Last Updated: Wednesday,5 January, 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/Chen Ming: Disasters affect 50 million Africans,Xinhua via COMTEX, Aug 8, 2002El Sayem, F. E., 1986: The Effect of Deforesta-MANAGING RISKS249
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
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The African Water Development Repor
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INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
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WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
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African Water Development Report 20
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INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
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INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
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(i) Specific for a certain stress o
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Water and ecosystemWater and indust
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Purpose: Global water security prov
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Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
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Human Development Index (HDI): This
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The Environmental Sustainability In
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Significant Indicators - Libya1. Li
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ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
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FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
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annual flows of rivers and groundwa
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Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
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Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
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Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
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Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
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Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
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Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
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Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
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Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
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Although some African countries hav
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Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
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The problem of wastewater disposal
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FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
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Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
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abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
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Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
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Fertilisers are also a potential th
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Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
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espective of the fact that some oth
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Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
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past few decades, population densit
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Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
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Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
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Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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Page 207 and 208: African Water Development Report 20
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Page 262 and 263: SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
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ENSURING THEKNOWLEDGE BASESince anc
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polluted due to overgrazing, and ce
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Box 16.2: Indigenous Knowledge on C
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The present day call for integrated
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cipitation monitoring; determinatio
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processes and situations or to an o
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Capacity Building in AfricaFrom the
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The requisite enabling environment
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African countries can obviously not
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the science and technology of the s
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Box 16.9: Research Institutions in
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Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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(a) Journal of Hydraulic Research:
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Key Outputs: The first steps for th
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Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
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particular relevance to data collec
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of water in agriculture through imp
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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended
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IWRM Course Participants according
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5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
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GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
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IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
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Public Participation;(d) Informatio
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a regional framework for Africa as
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Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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