African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

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Table 11.1: Some Major Transboundary River/Lake Basins of sub-Saharan Africa withCatchment Area in Excess of 100,000 km2” (ECA, 2000)SHARING WATER FOR REGIONAL INTEGRATION255
African Water Development Report 2006Water Resources Management andWater Conflict ResolutionWater resources management involves a rangeof activities: monitoring, modelling, exploration,assessment, design of measures and strategies,implementation of policy, operation and maintenance,and evaluation. It also involves supportactivities such as institutional reform (Box 11.2)Table 11.2: Transboundary river basins in Cameroonas well as local, national, and international activitieswith short- or long-term goals (SavenijeH. and Hoekstra A. 2002). This makes waterresources management multidimentional, involvinga whole range of scientific, technical,institutional, managerial, legal, and operationalactivities required to plan, develop, operate, andmanage water resources (Table 11.3).Name ofBasinTotal area of basin,km 2Countries inBasinArea of Cameroonin basin, km 2% of basin inCameroonAkpa 4,900 Cameroon 3,000 61.65NigeriaBenito/Ntem 45,100 Cameroon 18,900 41.87GabonEquatorial GuineaCongo Basin 3,691,000 13 countries 85,200 2.31Cross 52,800 Cameroon 12,500 23.66NigeriaLake Chad 2,388,700 9 countries 46,800 1,96Niger (Benoue 2,113,200 11 countries 88,100 4.17in Cameroon)Ogooue 223,000 Gabon5,200 2.34Congo BrazzavilleCameroonEquatorial GuineaTotal 259,700AWDR National Report, 2003Box 11.1The Congo BasinThis is the largest basin in Africa with an area of about 3.7 million km 2 and shared by 13 countries. These countriesare: Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa), the Central African Republic, Angola, the Congo (Brazzaville),Zambia, Tanzania, Cameroon, Burundi, Rwanda, the Sudan, Gabon, Malawi, and Uganda. About 2.3 %of the basin area falls within Cameroon where it covers about 20% of the surface area. There is no agreementbetween the thirteen riparian States on the use of the resources of the basin. This is probably because the percapita available water in the basin is quite high and as such most of the water flows into the sea. For example,in Cameroon, the per capita available water of the inhabitants in the Congo basin was estimated at 41,300 m 3in 2000 and projected to be 20,700 m 3 in the year 2025. With sparsely populated areas, high rainfall and loweconomic activities, the amount of water abstracted from the basin is very low and hence there have so far beenno problems of equitable distribution requiring treaties or agreements.Some sub-basins of the Congo have agreements ,e.g. the Great Lakes Region, between 3 states mainly forpower generation.Source: AWDR National Report of Cameroon256
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
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The African Water Development Repor
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INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
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WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
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African Water Development Report 20
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INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
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INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
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(i) Specific for a certain stress o
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Water and ecosystemWater and indust
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Purpose: Global water security prov
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Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
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Human Development Index (HDI): This
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The Environmental Sustainability In
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Significant Indicators - Libya1. Li
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ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
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FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
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annual flows of rivers and groundwa
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Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
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Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
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Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
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Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
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Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
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Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
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Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
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Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
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Although some African countries hav
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Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
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The problem of wastewater disposal
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FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
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Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
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abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
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Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
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Fertilisers are also a potential th
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Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
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espective of the fact that some oth
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Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
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past few decades, population densit
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Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
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Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
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Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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Page 213 and 214: African Water Development Report 20
Page 262 and 263: SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
Page 266 and 267: Table 11.3: Types of Management Ins
Page 268 and 269: Box 11.3Emerging Principles Underly
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Page 278 and 279: non-payment of financial dues. Some
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Page 282: Water Resources Management In Afric
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The present day call for integrated
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cipitation monitoring; determinatio
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processes and situations or to an o
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Capacity Building in AfricaFrom the
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The requisite enabling environment
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African countries can obviously not
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the science and technology of the s
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Box 16.9: Research Institutions in
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Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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(a) Journal of Hydraulic Research:
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Key Outputs: The first steps for th
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Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
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particular relevance to data collec
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of water in agriculture through imp
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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended
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IWRM Course Participants according
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5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
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GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
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IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
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Public Participation;(d) Informatio
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a regional framework for Africa as
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Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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