African Water Development Report 2006 - United Nations Economic ...

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The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) is a measurement of overall progress towards environmentalsustainability. It was developed for 122 countries. ESI scores are based upon a set of 22core “indicators”, and each of them combines two to six variables for a total of 67 underlying variables.The indicators and variables are chosen through careful review of the environmental literature andavailable data combined with extensive consultation and analysis, identification of best practices andinvestigation into interactions between environmental and economic performance. Although in broadterms high-income countries scored higher, among countries of similar levels of per capita incomeno strong correlation exists between income and overall environmental sustainability. ESI has beendeveloped through a transparent and interactive system of parameters.The figure below shows the 2002 ESI values for African countries and their respecting placements inthe world ranking.BotswanaNamibiaGabonCongoC. African Rep.ZimbabweMozambiqueTunisiaGhanaZambiaAlgeriaMoroccoEgyptUgandaSouth AfricaTanzaniaSenegalMalawiMaliKenyaCameroonBeninChadGuineaBurkina FasoSudanGambiaTogoIvory CoastZaireAngolaEthiopiaBurundiRwandaNigerLibyaGuinea BissauMadagascarLiberiaSomaliaNigeriaSierra Leone0 30 60 90 120 150INDICATORS - MEASURING THE PROGRESS OF THE Africa Water VisionESIWorld BankThe 2005 Environmental Sustainability Index Report is available online at www.yale.edu/esi Copyright©2005 Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy47
African Water Development Report 2006Minimum Significant Indicators from some National AWDR ReportsEconomic and social indicators of MoroccoAmounts (billions of DH) 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002National accountsGross domestic product at constant 110.3 109.1 121.2 112.7 126.2 124 133 134 135 143 148pricesAgricultural GDP 15.5 14.5 23.3 13.1 23.4 17.1 21.4 18.3 15.4 19.6 20.7Non-agricultural GDP 94.8 94.6 97.8 99.6 102.8 107 111 115 120 124 127Gross domestic product at current 241.2 247.7 279.3 281.2 320.9 318 343 346 354 383 398pricesAgricultural GDP 49.1 58.1 52.9 49 59.7 64.1Non-agricultural 269 285 293 305 324 334National income available 253.2 256.7 289.4 289.3 330.3 330 357 359 372 415 426National Consumption 199.8 208.6 236.5 241.7 270.1 264 281 281 294 309 320Gross fixed capital formation 54.9 55.4 57.9 62.9 64.7 65.8 76.7 81.9 85.4 85.4 91.1National savings 53.3 48.1 53 47.5 60.3 65.1 75.8 78.3 78.9 106 107Indices of the costs for life (base 100 122.2 128.5 135.1 143.4 147.7 149 153 154 157 158 163into 1989)Foodstuffs 125.3 133.2 142.5 153.9 155 153 158 157 159 158 164Non-foodstuffs and services 146 149 152 156 159 161External accountsTotal exports 34 34.3 36.5 40.2 41.3 67.1 68.6 73.6 78.8 80.7 86.6Total imports 62.8 61.8 66 72.9 71.9 90.7 98.7 106 123 125 130Global commercial balance -28.8 -27.5 -29.4 -32.6 -30.6 -24 -30 -32 -44 -44 -44Trips balance +9.6 +9.2 +8.6 +7.3 +9.0 10.8 12.7 14.7 17.1 24.8 24.3Balance current transfers 21 22.5 21.1 26.4 40.2 36.7Currant account balance -3.7 -4.9 -6.7 -13 -5.7 -0.8 -1.4 -1.6 -5 18.2 16.4Currant account balance as % of (1.6) (2.0) (-2.4) (-4.6) (1.8) -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.4 4.8 4.1GDPTotal service of the external national 22.3 29.4 27.7 30.1 28.3 29.8 28.2 28.7 26.6 27.8 28.3debtOutstanding national external debt 186 179 177 171 163 142National external debt as % of the58.4 52.4 51 48.3 42.6 35.7GDPPublic financeOrdinary balance +12.6 +13.8 +9.8 +4.9 +’7 12 8.1 24.9 7.3 26.4 8.4Investment expenses 17.2 19.5 19 19.7 16.6 18.4 14.9 18.9 19.2 21.3 20.3Budget deficit -5.4 -5.7 -8.9 -14.8 -9.7 -6.3 -10 3 -21 -10 -17Budget deficit as % of GDP (2.2) (2.3) (-3.2) (-5.3) (-3) -2 -3.1 0.9 -5.9 -2.6 -4.3Top of formCurrencyBottom of formM1 aggregate 150 168 181 210 229Monetary mass (M1) 146.5 159.3 174.2 186.5 198.8 231 245 270 293 334 355Top fo formExternal assetsBottom of form33.7 38.2 41.5 34.1 36.3 40.6 43 59.1 54.7 102 111State debt 55.5 60.5 65.2 74.2 76.4 86.4 84.5 76 85.9 78.3 80.7Contribution to the economy 66 71.8 79.3 91.4 100.9 159 176 193 208 217 2271DH # 1,1$48
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AFRICANWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORT2006
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CONTENTSWater for Sustainable Socio
Page 6 and 7: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis is the final v
Page 8 and 9: The African Water Development Repor
Page 10 and 11: INTRODUCTION - WATER FOR SUSTAINABL
Page 12: WATER FORSUSTAINABLESOCIO-ECONOMICD
Page 15 and 16: African Water Development Report 20
Page 36: INTERNATIONALAND AFRICANMILESTONESN
Page 44 and 45: INDICATORS -MEASURING THEPROGRESS O
Page 46 and 47: (i) Specific for a certain stress o
Page 48 and 49: Water and ecosystemWater and indust
Page 50 and 51: Purpose: Global water security prov
Page 52 and 53: Table 5.1: Adopted targets and indi
Page 54 and 55: Human Development Index (HDI): This
Page 58 and 59: Significant Indicators - Libya1. Li
Page 60 and 61: ReferencesAfrica Facts: http://www.
Page 62 and 63: FRESHWATERRESOURCES INAFRICAThe mai
Page 64 and 65: annual flows of rivers and groundwa
Page 66 and 67: Fig. 4.3: Actual Renewable Water in
Page 68 and 69: Box 4.1: Water Availability and Ser
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.9: Surface Water by Watersh
Page 72 and 73: Table 4.12: Dynamics of Water Use,
Page 74 and 75: Figure 4.7: Major Groundwater Withd
Page 76 and 77: Annual freshwater withdrawals in Ea
Page 78 and 79: Fig. 4.12: Percentage of Domestic,
Page 80 and 81: Table 4.15: Desalination capacities
Page 82 and 83: Although some African countries hav
Page 84 and 85: Fig. 4.17: Water Poverty Index by S
Page 86 and 87: The problem of wastewater disposal
Page 88 and 89: FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN AFRICASourc
Page 90: Water Conference, December 3-7, 200
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African Water Development Report 20
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PROTECTINGECOSYSTEMSIN AFRICAThe pr
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abstracted and flow regulated. Irri
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Figure 6.3: Water Availability and
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Table 6.4: Indication of the Microb
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Fertilisers are also a potential th
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Box 6.2Pollution Control - The Ethi
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Fig. 6.2: Freshwater Ecosystem Area
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Region/Country Mammals Birds Flower
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espective of the fact that some oth
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Protected areas in Africa occupy sl
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past few decades, population densit
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Fig. 6.12: Urban Ecosystem and Buil
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Fig. 6.13 Environmental Sustainabil
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Case Study: Sediment Control andAqu
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Fig 6.15: Comparison of Rainfall, D
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South Africa and Bophuthatswana. (D
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of interdependent factors which adv
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Referencesafrol News, 2001: Lake Ch
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United Nations Population Divison (
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SHARING WATERFOR REGIONALINTEGRATIO
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Table 11.1: Some Major Transboundar
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Table 11.3: Types of Management Ins
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Box 11.3Emerging Principles Underly
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the 1950s severely disrupted tradit
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1000 to 2000 cubic meters (m3) per
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countries in the southern portion o
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to manage water resources among rip
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non-payment of financial dues. Some
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Table 11.5: Some Basic Features of
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Water Resources Management In Afric
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ENSURING THEKNOWLEDGE BASESince anc
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polluted due to overgrazing, and ce
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Box 16.2: Indigenous Knowledge on C
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The present day call for integrated
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cipitation monitoring; determinatio
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processes and situations or to an o
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Capacity Building in AfricaFrom the
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The requisite enabling environment
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African countries can obviously not
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the science and technology of the s
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Box 16.9: Research Institutions in
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Global Water Partnership ToolboxThe
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(a) Journal of Hydraulic Research:
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Key Outputs: The first steps for th
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Figure 16.6: Number of Radios per 1
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particular relevance to data collec
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of water in agriculture through imp
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The UNESCO Water Portal is intended
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IWRM Course Participants according
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5.. Alemayehu Tafesse (Ethiopia), 2
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GLOWA info gsf website: http://www.
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IMPLEMENTATIONOF TARGETS UNDERTHE A
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Public Participation;(d) Informatio
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a regional framework for Africa as
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Programme SubRegion Estimated Costs
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