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MONOGRAFÍA CANNABIs - Asociación Española de Patología Dual

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Estos datos, refuerzan la importancia clínica<strong>de</strong> tener en cuenta las consecuencias alargo plazo <strong>de</strong>l consumo <strong>de</strong> haschish y abrenuna ventana conceptual para la comprensión<strong>de</strong>l fenómeno <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia a las drogas<strong>de</strong> abuso, que en el futuro probablementeproporcione un abordaje terapéutico.AGRADECIMIENTOSEste trabajo está financiado por lossiguientes Organismos: Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Educacióny Cultura DGICYT (PM 96/0047), LaDelegación <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno para el Plan NacionalSobre Drogas, La Comunidad Autónoma<strong>de</strong> Madrid (05/0024/99) y el Hospital Psiquiátrico<strong>de</strong> Ciempozuelos <strong>de</strong> la Or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> SanJuan <strong>de</strong> Dios. Los autores quieren agra<strong>de</strong>cerel apoyo concedido por los citados Organismosy también muy especialmente la colaboración<strong>de</strong> los Dres. Luis Miguel García Seguray Julie Chowen <strong>de</strong>l Instituto Cajal, CSIC,Madrid, por su valiosa asistencia técnica.REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICASAbood, M.E. y Martin, B.R. (1992) Neurobiology ofMarijuana Abuse. T.I.P.S., 13: 201.Aceto, M.D., Scates, S.M., Lowe, J.A. & Martin,B.R. (1995) Cannabinoid precipitated withdrawalby the selective cannabinoid receptor antagonist,SR 141716A. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 282:R1-R2.Ambrosio, E., Martin, S., García-Lecumberri, C &Crespo, J.A. (1999) The neurobiology of cannabinoid<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce: Sex differences and potentialinteractions between cannabinoid andopioid systems. Life Sci., 65(6-6): 687-94.American Aca<strong>de</strong>my of Pediatrics Committee onSubstance Abuse (1999) Marijuana: A continuingContinuing Concern for Pediatricians.Pediatrics, 104(4): 982-985.Andreàsson, S., Allebeck, P., Engström, A. yRydberg, V. (1987) Cannabis and Schizophrenia:A longitudinaal study of Swedish conscripts.,Lancet, ii: 1483-1486.Anthony J.C., Warner, L.A., Kessler, R.C. (1994)Comparative epi<strong>de</strong>miology of <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ontobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, andinhalant: basic findings from the nationalcomorbidity survey. Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol.,2: 244-268.Beardsley, P.M., Balster, R.L. & Harris, L.S. (1986)Depen<strong>de</strong>nce on thtrahydrocannabinol in rhesusmonkeys. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 239: 311-319.Castle, D.J. & Ames, F.R. (1996) Cannabis and thebrain. Austr. New Zeal.. J. Psych., 30: 179-183.Chen, J., Pare<strong>de</strong>s, W., Lowinson, J.H. y Gardner,E.L. (1990) ∆ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol enhancespresynaptic dopamine efflux in medial prefrontalcortex. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 190: 259-262.Corbett, D. y Wise, R.A. (1980): Intracraneal self-stimulationin relation to the ascending dopaminergicsystems of the midbrain: a moveableelectro<strong>de</strong> mapping study. Brain Res, 185:1.Crowley, T.J., Macdonald, M.J., Whitmore, E.A. &Mikulich, S.K. (1998) Cannabis <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce,withdrawal, and reinforcing effects among adolescentswith conduct symptoms and substanceuse disor<strong>de</strong>rs. Drug Alcohol Depend., 50(1):27-37.Dewey, W.L. (1986) Cannabinoid Pharmacology.Pharmacol. Rev., 38(2): 151-178.Diana, M., Melis, M., Muntoni, A.L. & Gessa, G.L.(1998) Mesolimbic dopaminergic <strong>de</strong>cline aftercannabinoid withdrawal. Proc. Natl- Acad. Sci.,95: 10269-10273.Diana, M., Muntoni, A.L., Pistis, M., Melis, Miriam& Gessa, G.L. (1999) Lasting reduction inmesolimbic dopamine neuronal activity aftermorphine withdrawal. Proc. Natl- Acad. Sci.,11:1037-1041.Diana, M., Pistis, M., Carboni, S., Gessa, G.L. &Rossetti, Z.L. (1993) Profound <strong>de</strong>crement ofmesolimbic dopaminergic neuronal activityduring ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats:Electrophysiological and biochemical evi<strong>de</strong>nce.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A., 90: 7966-7969.Emrich, H.M., Leweke, F.M. y Schnei<strong>de</strong>r, U. (1997)Towards a Cannabinoid Hypothesis of Schizophrenia:Cognitive Impairments Due toDysregulation of the Endogenous CannabinoidSystem. Pharmacol. Biochem. & Behav., 56(4):803-807.Fray, P.J.; Dunnett, S.B.; Iversen, S.D.; Björklund, A.y Stenevi, U. (1983): Nigral transplants reinner-106Cannabinoi<strong>de</strong>s y conducta adictiva

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