13.07.2015 Views

MONOGRAFÍA CANNABIs - Asociación Española de Patología Dual

MONOGRAFÍA CANNABIs - Asociación Española de Patología Dual

MONOGRAFÍA CANNABIs - Asociación Española de Patología Dual

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Consumo y consumidores <strong>de</strong> cannabisen la vida recreativa*CALAFAT, A.; FERNÁNDEZ, C.; BECOÑA, E.;GIL, E.; JUAN, M.; TORRES, M.A.IREFREA (Instituto y Red Europeo para el Estado <strong>de</strong> los Factores <strong>de</strong> Riesgo).Dirigir correspon<strong>de</strong>ncia a: Amador Calafat. Irefrea. Rambla, 15,2º,3ª 07003 Palma <strong>de</strong> Mallorca. irefrea@irefrea.orgResumenPresentamos un estudio <strong>de</strong>scriptivo <strong>de</strong> 1341 jóvenesencuestados a finales <strong>de</strong>l año 1998 en los escenariosmás representativos <strong>de</strong> la vida recreativa nocturna<strong>de</strong> cinco ciuda<strong>de</strong>s españolas: Bilbao, Madrid, Palma <strong>de</strong>Mallorca, Valencia y Vigo. Diferenciamos cinco grupossegún la frecuencia actual <strong>de</strong>l consumo <strong>de</strong> cannabis,<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> los que no lo han probado hasta los que lo consumendiariamente o <strong>de</strong> forma habitual, entre los quei<strong>de</strong>ntificamos los que consumen a<strong>de</strong>más otras drogasilegales (policonsumidores) y los que no. Observamosque el consumo <strong>de</strong> cannabis en estos jóvenes usuarios<strong>de</strong> la vida recreativa es alta, y que una parte importante<strong>de</strong> ellos (más <strong>de</strong>l 30%) consumen habitualmentecannabis, sugiriendo una asociación entre consumo<strong>de</strong> cannabis y participación en la “vida recreativa nocturna”.A más consumo <strong>de</strong> cannabis mayor consumo<strong>de</strong> otras drogas legales o ilegales, mayor policonsumoy mayor participación en la vida nocturnaNormalmente el inicio <strong>de</strong>l cannabis viene precedidopor el <strong>de</strong> alcohol y tabaco pero para un grupo este inicioes prácticamente simultáneo, y ello da lugar a unoconsumidores con unas características <strong>de</strong>terminadas.Diversos datos <strong>de</strong>l estudio apuntan a que el consumo<strong>de</strong> cannabis genera <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia en algunos consumidores,aunque no se pue<strong>de</strong> establecer su origen ynaturaleza. Se estudian las características específicas<strong>de</strong> los distintos grupos <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a diversas variables:algunas características socio<strong>de</strong>mográficas, patrones<strong>de</strong> iniciación e implicación en el consumo <strong>de</strong> drogaslegales e ilegales, participación en la vida recreativanocturna, <strong>de</strong>terminadas conductas <strong>de</strong> riesgo y percepción<strong>de</strong>l riesgo asociado al consumo <strong>de</strong> sustancias, yen Búsqueda <strong>de</strong> Sensaciones y Desviación Social.Palabras clave: Cannabis, marihuana, consumorecreativo, <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia, policonsumo, búsqueda<strong>de</strong> sensaciones, conductas <strong>de</strong> riesgo.SummaryWe are presenting a <strong>de</strong>scriptive study of 1341young people interviewed at the end of 1998 in themost representative settings of the recreational nightlifein five Spanish cities -Bilbao, Madrid, Palma <strong>de</strong>Mallorca, Valencia and Vigo. We differentiate fivegroups on the basis of the actual use of cannabis,from who have not tried it to those who use it daily orin a habitual way, and among whom we i<strong>de</strong>ntify thosewho use other illegal drugs (polyconsumers) andthose who do not. We observe that the use of cannabisamong these young people participating in recreationallife is high and that a significant number ofthem (more than 30%) habitually use cannabis, suggestingan association between cannabis use andparticipation in the “recreational nightlife”. The greaterthe use of cannabis, the greater the use of other legaland illegal drugs and the polyconsume, and also agreater participation in night life. Normally, initiationinto the use of cannabis is procee<strong>de</strong>d by initiation intoalcohol and tobacco but for one group this initiation ispractically simultaneous and this produces users with<strong>de</strong>termined characteristics. Diverse data in the studypoint to the use of cannabis generating <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncyin some users, although its origin and nature cannotbe established. The specific characteristics of the differentgroups are studied in accordance with diversevariables - certain socio<strong>de</strong>mographic characteristics,initiation patterns and involvement in the use of otherlegal and illegal drugs, participation in the recreationalnightlife, <strong>de</strong>termined risk behaviours and perceptionof risk associated with substance use, and in SensationSeeking and Social Deviance.Key words: cannabis, marijuana, recreative use ofdrugs, <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce, polyconsume, sensationseeking, risk behaviors.* Estudio financiado a Irefrea por la Delegación <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas.VOL. 12. SUPLEMENTO 2 197

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!