Handbook of Solvents - George Wypych - ChemTech - Ventech!

More documents

Recommendations

Info

19 Regulations 1269 CAS No. Chemical name EPA Code 10 � Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) 13 � TLV 14 ppmv mg/m 3 ppmv 60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine P068 (C) (S) 0.2 (C)(S)0.35 0.01 ✓ ✓ 62-53-3 Aniline 62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine P082 K083; K103; K104; U012 (S) 5 (S) 19 2 ✓ ✓ see 29 CFR 1910.1016 (S) ✓ ✓ 64-17-5 Ethyl alcohol 1000 1900 ✓ 64-18-6 Formic acid K009; K010; U123 5 9 5 ✓ 64-19-7 Acetic acid 10 25 10 ✓ 64-67-5 Diethyl sulfate ✓ ✓ 67-56-1 Methanol U154 200 260 200 ✓ ✓ 67-63-0 Isopropyl alcohol 400 980 400 ✓ 67-64-1 Acetone U002 1000 2400 500 ε 67-66-3 Chloroform K009; K010; K019; K020; K021; K029; K073; K116; K149; K150; K151; U044; D022 (C) 50 (C) 240 10 ✓ ✓ 67-68-5 Dimethyl sulfoxide ✓ 68-12-2 Dimethyl formamide (S) 10 (S) 30 10 ✓ ✓ 71-23-8 n-Propyl alcohol 200 500 ✓ 71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol U031 100 300 ✓ 71-43-2 Benzene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane F005; F024; F025; F037; F038; K085; K104; K105; K141; K142; K143; K144; K145; K147; K151; K159; K169; U019; D018 F001, F002, F024, F025, K019, K020, K028, K029, U226 see 29 CFR 1910.1028 Table Z-2 0.5 ✓ ✓ Environmental Effect O T D G 350 1900 350 ε ✓ ✓ ✓ 74-88-4 Methyl iodide U138 (S) 5 (S) 28 2 ✓ ✓ 74-96-4 Ethyl bromide 200 890 5 ✓ 75-00-3 Ethyl chloride K018 1000 2600 100 ✓ ✓ 75-04-7 Ethylamine 10 18 5 ✓
1270 Carlos M. Nu�ez CAS No. Chemical name EPA Code 10 75-05-8 Acetonitrile K011; K013; K014; U003 � Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) 13 � TLV 14 ppmv mg/m 3 ppmv 40 70 40 ✓ ✓ 75-07-0 Acetaldehyde U001 200 360 ✓ ✓ 75-08-1 Ethyl mercaptan (C) 10 (C) 25 ✓ 75-09-2 Dichloromethane F001; F002; F024; F025; K009; K010; K156; K158; U080 (2) 50 ε ✓ 75-15-0 Carbon disulfide F005; P022 (2) 10 ✓ ✓ 75-18-3 Dimethyl sulfide ✓ 75-25-2 Bromoform U225 (S) 0.5 (S) 5 0.5 ✓ ✓ 75-31-0 Isopropylamine 5 12 5 ✓ 75-33-2 Isopropyl mercaptan ✓ 75-34-3 1,1-Dichloroethane F024, F025; U076 100 400 100 ✓ ✓ 75-35-4 Vinylidene chloride F024; F025; K019; K020; K029; U078; D029 5 ✓ ✓ 75-52-5 Nitromethane 100 250 20 ✓ 75-55-8 Propyleneimine P067 2 5 2 ✓ ✓ 75-56-9 Propylene oxide 100 240 20 ✓ ✓ 75-64-9 tert-Butylamine ✓ 75-65-0 tert-Butyl alcohol 100 300 100 ✓ 75-68-3 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) Environmental Effect O T D G F001 ε ✓ ✓ 75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) F001; F002; F024; F025; U121 ε ✓ ✓ 75-83-2 Neohexane ✓ 76-13-1 76-14-2 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane (CFC-113) 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2tetrafluoroethane(CFC-114) 77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene F001; F002 1000 7600 1000 ε ✓ ✓ F001 1000 7000 1000 ε ✓ ✓ F024; F025; K032; K033; K034; U130 0.01 ✓ ✓ 77-78-1 Dimethyl sulfate K131; U103 (S) 1 (S) 5 0.1 ✓ ✓ 78-59-1 Isophorone 25 140 ✓ ✓
Page 1 and 2:
HANDBOOK OF SOLVENTS George Wypych,
Page 3 and 4:
Preface Although the chemical indus
Page 5 and 6:
Preface xxix contain or to have use
Page 7 and 8:
1654 Acknowledgments 10.3 Solvent e
Page 9 and 10:
Table of Contents Preface .........
Page 11 and 12:
Table of contents iii 4.3 Polar sol
Page 13 and 14:
Table of contents v 7.2.1.1 Rheolog
Page 15 and 16:
Table of contents vii 9.4.4 Solvent
Page 17 and 18:
Table of contents ix 12.2.2.1 Chemi
Page 19 and 20:
Table of contents xi 14.4.3.1 Intro
Page 21 and 22:
Table of contents xiii 14.19 Paints
Page 23 and 24:
Table of contents xv 15.1.20 Gas ch
Page 25 and 26:
Table of contents xvii 17.2.2 Movem
Page 27 and 28:
Table of contents xix 18.4.7 Dry cl
Page 29 and 30:
Table of contents xxi 20.7.1 Introd
Page 31 and 32:
Table of contents xxiii 21.4.1.3 Pr
Page 33 and 34:
Table of contents xxv 23.2.1.3 Sour
Page 35 and 36:
2 Christian Reichardt aliphatic nit
Page 37 and 38:
4 Christian Reichardt the knowledge
Page 39 and 40:
2 Fundamental Principles Governing
Page 41 and 42:
2.1 Solvent effects on chemical sys
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
2.2 Molecular design of solvents 37
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
2.3 Basic physical and chemical pro
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
66 George Wypych Aprotic/Protic Ter
Page 99 and 100:
68 George Wypych Biodegradability T
Page 101 and 102:
70 George Wypych Figure 3.2.1. Sche
Page 103 and 104:
72 George Wypych Figure 3.3.4. Simp
Page 105 and 106:
74 George Wypych Synthetic routes a
Page 107 and 108:
76 George Wypych Property minimum V
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
96 Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart,
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
General Principles Governing Dissol
Page 133 and 134:
4.1 Simple solvent characteristics
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
4.2 Effect of system variables on s
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 133 tr
Page 165 and 166:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 135 Fo
Page 167 and 168:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 137 at
Page 169 and 170:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 139 li
Page 171 and 172:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 141 Fi
Page 173 and 174:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 143 Fi
Page 175 and 176:
4.3 Polar solvation dynamics 145 ta
Page 177 and 178:
4.4 Measurement of solvent activity
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Solubility of Selected Systems and
Page 275 and 276:
5.1 Solubility parameters 245 ln P
Page 277 and 278:
5.1 Solubility parameters 247 Accep
Page 279 and 280:
5.1 Solubility parameters 249 media
Page 281 and 282:
5.1 Solubility parameters 251 Polym
Page 283 and 284:
5.2 Prediction of solubility parame
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
5.3 Methods of calculation of solub
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
5.4 Mixed solvents - polymer solubi
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
5.5 The phenomenological theory of
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
306 E. Ya. Denisyuk, V. V. Tereshat
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
318 V V Tereshatov, V Yu. Senichev,
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
328 Vasiliy V. Tereshatov, Valery Y
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
340 George Wypych where: τM the mo
Page 371 and 372:
342 George Wypych ξ 0.55 0.5 0.45
Page 373 and 374:
344 George Wypych Self-diffusion co
Page 375 and 376:
346 George Wypych Temperature, K 31
Page 377 and 378:
348 George Wypych Diffusion distanc
Page 379 and 380:
350 George Wypych • evaporation-i
Page 381 and 382:
352 George Wypych Water volume frac
Page 383 and 384:
354 George Wypych Diffusion coeffic
Page 385 and 386:
356 Semyon Levitsky, Zinoviy Shulma
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
386 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun 7.3
Page 417 and 418:
388 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun rat
Page 419 and 420:
390 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun The
Page 421 and 422:
392 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun whe
Page 423 and 424:
394 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun beg
Page 425 and 426:
396 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun 7.3
Page 427 and 428:
398 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun Fig
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
404 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun sol
Page 435 and 436:
406 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun Tab
Page 437 and 438:
408 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun and
Page 439 and 440:
410 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun to
Page 441 and 442:
412 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun The
Page 443 and 444:
414 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun cau
Page 445 and 446:
416 Seung Su Kim, Jae Chun Hyun Nu
Page 447 and 448:
Interactions in Solvents and Soluti
Page 449 and 450:
8.2 Basic simplifications of quantu
Page 451 and 452:
8.2 Basic simplifications of quantu
Page 453 and 454:
8.4 Two-body interaction energy 425
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
8.5 Three- and many-body interactio
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
8.6 The variety of interaction pote
Page 487 and 488:
8.6 The variety of interaction pote
Page 489 and 490:
8.7 Theoretical and computing model
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
Page 507 and 508:
Page 509 and 510:
Page 511 and 512:
Page 513 and 514:
Page 515 and 516:
8.8 Practical applications of model
Page 517 and 518:
Page 519 and 520:
Page 521 and 522:
8.9 Liquid surfaces 493 to study th
Page 523 and 524:
8.9 Liquid surfaces 495 The potenti
Page 525 and 526:
8.9 Liquid surfaces 497 out of equi
Page 527 and 528:
8.9 Liquid surfaces 499 tions) of t
Page 529 and 530:
8 Interactions in solvents and solu
Page 531 and 532:
8 Interactions in solvents and solu
Page 533 and 534:
9 Mixed Solvents Y. Y. Fialkov, V.
Page 535 and 536:
9.2 Chemical interaction between co
Page 537 and 538:
9.2 Chemical interaction between co
Page 539 and 540:
9.3 Physical properties of mixed so
Page 541 and 542:
Page 543 and 544:
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
Page 553 and 554:
Page 555 and 556:
9.4 Mixed solvent influence on the
Page 557 and 558:
Page 559 and 560:
Page 561 and 562:
Page 563 and 564:
Page 565 and 566:
Page 567 and 568:
Page 569 and 570:
Page 571 and 572:
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
Page 583 and 584:
Page 585 and 586:
9.5 The mixed solvent effect on the
Page 587 and 588:
Page 589 and 590:
Page 591 and 592:
9 Mixed solvents 563 22 Minkin V.,
Page 593 and 594:
10 Acid-base Interactions 10.1 GENE
Page 595 and 596:
10.1 General concept of acid-base i
Page 597 and 598:
10.1 General concept of acid-base i
Page 599 and 600:
10.2 Effect of polymer/solvent acid
Page 601 and 602:
Page 603 and 604:
Page 605 and 606:
Page 607 and 608:
Page 609 and 610:
Page 611 and 612:
10.3 Solvent effects based on pure
Page 613 and 614:
Page 615 and 616:
Page 617 and 618:
Page 619 and 620:
Page 621 and 622:
Page 623 and 624:
Page 625 and 626:
Page 627 and 628:
Page 629 and 630:
Page 631 and 632:
Page 633 and 634:
Page 635 and 636:
Page 637 and 638:
Page 639 and 640:
Page 641 and 642:
Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
10.4 Acid-base equilibria in ionic
Page 647 and 648:
Page 649 and 650:
Page 651 and 652:
Page 653 and 654:
Page 655 and 656:
Page 657 and 658:
Page 659 and 660:
Page 661 and 662:
Page 663 and 664:
Page 665 and 666:
Page 667 and 668:
11 Electronic and Electrical Effect
Page 669 and 670:
11.1 Theoretical treatment of solve
Page 671 and 672:
Page 673 and 674:
Page 675 and 676:
Page 677 and 678:
Page 679 and 680:
Page 681 and 682:
Page 683 and 684:
Page 685 and 686:
Page 687 and 688:
Page 689 and 690:
Page 691 and 692:
Page 693 and 694:
Page 695 and 696:
Page 697 and 698:
Page 699 and 700:
Page 701 and 702:
Page 703 and 704:
Page 705 and 706:
Page 707 and 708:
Page 709 and 710:
11.2 Dielectric solvent effects 681
Page 711 and 712:
12 Other Properties of Solvents, So
Page 713 and 714:
12.1 Rheological properties, aggreg
Page 715 and 716:
Page 717 and 718:
Page 719 and 720:
Page 721 and 722:
Page 723 and 724:
Page 725 and 726:
Page 727 and 728:
Page 729 and 730:
Page 731 and 732:
Page 733 and 734:
Page 735 and 736:
12.2 Chain conformations of polysac
Page 737 and 738:
Page 739 and 740:
Page 741 and 742:
Page 743 and 744:
Page 745 and 746:
Page 747 and 748:
Page 749 and 750:
Page 751 and 752:
Page 753 and 754:
Page 755 and 756:
Page 757 and 758:
Page 759 and 760:
Page 761 and 762:
Page 763 and 764:
Page 765 and 766:
738 Roland Schmid Figure 13.1.1. Re
Page 767 and 768:
740 Roland Schmid HB interactions,
Page 769 and 770:
742 Roland Schmid AN = -133.8 - 0.0
Page 771 and 772:
744 Roland Schmid ated by the macro
Page 773 and 774:
746 Roland Schmid turns out, polar
Page 775 and 776:
748 Roland Schmid Packing density
Page 777 and 778:
750 Roland Schmid tween calculated
Page 779 and 780:
752 Roland Schmid over the solute-s
Page 781 and 782:
754 Roland Schmid of the empirical
Page 783 and 784:
756 Roland Schmid From X-ray and ne
Page 785 and 786:
758 Roland Schmid Table 13.1.5. Sol
Page 787 and 788:
760 Roland Schmid ΔG = ΔG + ΔG [
Page 789 and 790:
762 Roland Schmid very recent paper
Page 791 and 792:
764 Roland Schmid Solvent ΔvH/RT
Page 793 and 794:
766 Roland Schmid E r = E i + E s [
Page 795 and 796:
768 Roland Schmid from the explicit
Page 797 and 798:
770 Roland Schmid sequently, there
Page 799 and 800:
772 Roland Schmid simulations. 188-
Page 801 and 802:
774 Roland Schmid 23 N. A. Lewis, Y
Page 803 and 804:
776 Roland Schmid 132 R. R. Dogonad
Page 805 and 806:
778 Michelle L. Coote and Thomas P.
Page 807 and 808:
Page 809 and 810:
Page 811 and 812:
Page 813 and 814:
Page 815 and 816:
Page 817 and 818:
Page 819 and 820:
Page 821 and 822:
Page 823 and 824:
Page 825 and 826:
798 Maw-Ling Wang 13.3 EFFECTS OF O
Page 827 and 828:
800 Maw-Ling Wang [13.3.2] Inverse
Page 829 and 830:
802 Maw-Ling Wang Both cation and a
Page 831 and 832:
804 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.2. Eff
Page 833 and 834:
806 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.3. Ext
Page 835 and 836:
808 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.5. Eff
Page 837 and 838:
810 Maw-Ling Wang reacts with pheno
Page 839 and 840:
812 Maw-Ling Wang Figure 13.3.3. Ef
Page 841 and 842:
814 Maw-Ling Wang the organic solve
Page 843 and 844:
816 Maw-Ling Wang crease. Therefore
Page 845 and 846:
818 Maw-Ling Wang (F) Polymerizatio
Page 847 and 848:
820 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.16. Sy
Page 849 and 850:
822 Maw-Ling Wang 13.3.1.4 Effect o
Page 851 and 852:
824 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.19 Eff
Page 853 and 854:
826 Maw-Ling Wang quaternary salt c
Page 855 and 856:
828 Maw-Ling Wang Table 13.3.24. Ef
Page 857 and 858:
830 Maw-Ling Wang Solvent Dielectri
Page 859 and 860:
832 Maw-Ling Wang ied. 82,83,97,101
Page 861 and 862:
834 Maw-Ling Wang substitution, suc
Page 863 and 864:
836 Maw-Ling Wang (2) the ion excha
Page 865 and 866:
838 Maw-Ling Wang REFERENCES 1 A. A
Page 867 and 868:
840 Maw-Ling Wang 101 D. C. Sherrin
Page 869 and 870:
842 Norio Tsubokawa [13.4.2] PAI is
Page 871 and 872:
844 Norio Tsubokawa Table 13.4.2. I
Page 873 and 874:
846 Norio Tsubokawa more easily tha
Page 875 and 876:
848 George Wypych methyl amyl keton
Page 877 and 878:
850 George Wypych Peel strength, N/
Page 879 and 880:
852 George Wypych 8 P Enenkel, H Ba
Page 881 and 882:
854 George Wypych Table 14.2.2. Tot
Page 883 and 884:
856 M Matsumoto, S Isken, JAMdeBont
Page 885 and 886:
Page 887 and 888:
Page 889 and 890:
Page 891 and 892:
Page 893 and 894:
866 Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart
Page 895 and 896:
Page 897 and 898:
Page 899 and 900:
872 Tsuneo Yamane 14.4.3 CHOICE OF
Page 901 and 902:
874 Tsuneo Yamane Very trace amount
Page 903 and 904:
876 Tsuneo Yamane It has been shown
Page 905 and 906:
878 Tsuneo Yamane [ ( kcat Km) ( kc
Page 907 and 908:
880 George Wypych 11 A. Zaks, in En
Page 909 and 910:
882 George Wypych rected towards im
Page 911 and 912:
884 Kaspar D. Hasenclever than 55°
Page 913 and 914:
886 Kaspar D. Hasenclever The same
Page 915 and 916:
888 Kaspar D. Hasenclever Figure 14
Page 917 and 918:
890 Kaspar D. Hasenclever Computer
Page 919 and 920:
892 Kaspar D. Hasenclever • Solve
Page 921 and 922:
894 Martin Hanek, Norbert Löw, And
Page 923 and 924:
Page 925 and 926:
Page 927 and 928:
Page 929 and 930:
Page 931 and 932:
Page 933 and 934:
Page 935 and 936:
Page 937 and 938:
Page 939 and 940:
Page 941 and 942:
Page 943 and 944:
Page 945 and 946:
Page 947 and 948:
920 George Wypych 20 N. L�w, EPP
Page 949 and 950:
922 George Wypych Table 14.9.2. Rep
Page 951 and 952:
924 Phillip J. Wakelyn, Peter J. Wa
Page 953 and 954:
Page 955 and 956:
Page 957 and 958:
Page 959 and 960:
Page 961 and 962:
Page 963 and 964:
Page 965 and 966:
Page 967 and 968:
Page 969 and 970:
Page 971 and 972:
Page 973 and 974:
Page 975 and 976:
Page 977 and 978:
950 George Wypych 14.11 GROUND TRAN
Page 979 and 980:
952 George Wypych Figure 14.13.1. S
Page 981 and 982:
Page 983 and 984:
956 George Wypych more to show that
Page 985 and 986:
958 George Wypych Table 14.16.1. Re
Page 987 and 988:
Page 989 and 990:
Page 991 and 992:
Page 993 and 994:
Page 995 and 996:
Page 997 and 998:
970 David Randall 14.19.2.2 Water b
Page 999 and 1000:
972 David Randall Hydrophobic subst
Page 1001 and 1002:
974 David Randall 50-60% glutaric,
Page 1003 and 1004:
976 George Wypych Figure 14.20.1. D
Page 1005 and 1006:
978 Michel Bauer, Christine Barthé
Page 1007 and 1008:
Page 1009 and 1010:
Page 1011 and 1012:
Page 1013 and 1014:
Page 1015 and 1016:
Page 1017 and 1018:
Page 1019 and 1020:
Page 1021 and 1022:
Page 1023 and 1024:
Page 1025 and 1026:
998 An Li This discussion is intend
Page 1027 and 1028:
1000 An Li Trade Name Cosolvent vol
Page 1029 and 1030:
1002 An Li Figure 14.21.2.1. Effect
Page 1031 and 1032:
1004 An Li partial derivative ∂(l
Page 1033 and 1034:
1006 An Li Equation [14.21.2.8] can
Page 1035 and 1036:
1008 An Li Figure 14.21.2.2a. Devia
Page 1037 and 1038:
1010 An Li Figure 14.21.2.2c. Devia
Page 1039 and 1040:
1012 An Li f 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.
Page 1041 and 1042:
1014 An Li estimated from the log K
Page 1043 and 1044:
1016 George Wypych 72 K. Brololm, a
Page 1045 and 1046:
1018 George Wypych Figure 14.22.2.
Page 1047 and 1048:
1020 George Wypych New technology i
Page 1049 and 1050:
1022 George Wypych Table 14.23.1. R
Page 1051 and 1052:
Page 1053 and 1054:
1026 Mohamed Serageldin, Dave Reeve
Page 1055 and 1056:
Page 1057 and 1058:
Page 1059 and 1060:
Page 1061 and 1062:
Page 1063 and 1064:
Page 1065 and 1066:
Page 1067 and 1068:
Page 1069 and 1070:
Page 1071 and 1072:
Page 1073 and 1074:
Page 1075 and 1076:
Page 1077 and 1078:
1050 George Wypych Table 14.32.5. T
Page 1079 and 1080:
1052 George Wypych The traditional
Page 1081 and 1082:
1054 George Wypych The acidity of b
Page 1083 and 1084:
1056 George Wypych except water whi
Page 1085 and 1086:
1058 George Wypych solution is 2.73
Page 1087 and 1088:
1060 George Wypych presence of igni
Page 1089 and 1090:
1062 George Wypych method of determ
Page 1091 and 1092:
1064 George Wypych used. A thermal
Page 1093 and 1094:
1066 George Wypych 15.1.26 REFRACTI
Page 1095 and 1096:
1068 George Wypych Table 15.1.1. Ty
Page 1097 and 1098:
1070 George Wypych Wexcluded solven
Page 1099 and 1100:
1072 George Wypych 25 ASTM D 2108-9
Page 1101 and 1102:
1074 George Wypych 68 ASTM D 3844-9
Page 1103 and 1104:
1076 George Wypych BS 506-2.84. Met
Page 1105 and 1106:
1078 Myrto Petreas 15.2 SPECIAL MET
Page 1107 and 1108:
1080 Myrto Petreas In short, biolog
Page 1109 and 1110:
1082 Myrto Petreas cients of some i
Page 1111 and 1112:
1084 Myrto Petreas lection at the a
Page 1113 and 1114:
1086 Myrto Petreas and legal reperc
Page 1115 and 1116:
1088 Myrto Petreas • The solvent
Page 1117 and 1118:
1090 Myrto Petreas of time after ex
Page 1119 and 1120:
1092 Myrto Petreas even after log-l
Page 1121 and 1122:
1094 Myrto Petreas 26 M Petreas, J
Page 1123 and 1124:
1096 James L. Botsford In Europe ma
Page 1125 and 1126:
1098 James L. Botsford Figure 15.2.
Page 1127 and 1128:
1100 James L. Botsford cussed. Neit
Page 1129 and 1130:
1102 James L. Botsford n Ave. Var.
Page 1131 and 1132:
1104 James L. Botsford (Calleja et
Page 1133 and 1134:
1106 James L. Botsford Table 15.2.2
Page 1135 and 1136:
1108 James L. Botsford the test is
Page 1137 and 1138:
1110 James L. Botsford Table 15.2.2
Page 1139 and 1140:
1112 James L. Botsford Geiger, D. L
Page 1141 and 1142:
1114 Christine Barthélémy, Michel
Page 1143 and 1144:
Page 1145 and 1146:
Page 1147 and 1148:
Page 1149 and 1150:
Page 1151 and 1152:
Page 1153 and 1154:
1126 George Wypych n-heptane molecu
Page 1155 and 1156:
1128 George Wypych MEK P PA Fat-fre
Page 1157 and 1158:
1130 Michel Bauer, Christine Barth
Page 1159 and 1160:
Page 1161 and 1162:
Page 1163 and 1164:
Page 1165 and 1166:
Page 1167 and 1168:
Page 1169 and 1170:
Page 1171 and 1172:
Page 1173 and 1174:
Page 1175 and 1176:
17 Environmental Impact of Solvents
Page 1177 and 1178:
17.1 The environmental fate and mov
Page 1179 and 1180:
Page 1181 and 1182:
Page 1183 and 1184:
Page 1185 and 1186:
Page 1187 and 1188:
Page 1189 and 1190:
17.2 Fate-based management 1163 dat
Page 1191 and 1192:
17.2 Fate-based management 1165 bre
Page 1193 and 1194:
17.2 Fate-based management 1167 gra
Page 1195 and 1196:
17.3 Environmental fate of glycol e
Page 1197 and 1198:
Page 1199 and 1200:
Page 1201 and 1202:
Page 1203 and 1204:
Page 1205 and 1206:
Page 1207 and 1208:
Page 1209 and 1210:
Page 1211 and 1212:
Page 1213 and 1214:
Page 1215 and 1216:
17.4 Organic solvent impacts on tro
Page 1217 and 1218:
Page 1219 and 1220:
Page 1221 and 1222:
Page 1223 and 1224:
Page 1225 and 1226:
Page 1227 and 1228:
18 Concentration of Solvents in Var
Page 1229 and 1230:
18.1 Measurement and estimation of
Page 1231 and 1232:
Page 1233 and 1234:
Page 1235 and 1236:
Page 1237 and 1238:
Page 1239 and 1240:
Page 1241 and 1242:
Page 1243 and 1244: 18.1 Measurement and estimation of
Page 1253 and 1254: 18.2 Prediction of organic solvents
Page 1261 and 1262: 18.3 Indoor air pollution by solven
Page 1277 and 1278: 18.4 Solvent uses with exposure ris
Page 1293: 1268 Carlos M. Nu�ez ter or habit
Page 1297 and 1298: 1272 Carlos M. Nu�ez CAS No. Chem
Page 1307 and 1308: 1282 Carlos M. Nu�ez tronic circu
Page 1309 and 1310: 1284 Carlos M. Nu�ez EPA Region 6
Page 1311 and 1312: 1286 Carlos M. Nu�ez i.e., entire
Page 1313 and 1314: 1288 Carlos M. Nu�ez Table 19.6.
Page 1315 and 1316: 1290 Carlos M. Nu�ez Schedule Sou
Page 1317 and 1318: 1292 Carlos M. Nu�ez The CAA prov
Page 1319 and 1320: 1294 Carlos M. Nu�ez CWA to estab
Page 1321 and 1322: 1296 Carlos M. Nu�ez amended to i
Page 1323 and 1324: 1298 Carlos M. Nu�ez Figure 19.5.
Page 1325 and 1326: 1300 Carlos M. Nu�ez environmenta
Page 1327 and 1328: 1302 Carlos M. Nu�ez For comparis
Page 1329 and 1330: 1304 Carlos M. Nu�ez tives. Four
Page 1331 and 1332: 1306 Carlos M. Nu�ez • Program
Page 1333 and 1334: 1308 Carlos M. Nu�ez 31 Federal R
Page 1335 and 1336: 1310 Carlos M. Nu�ez HSWA Hazardo
Page 1337 and 1338: 1312 Tilman Hahn, Konrad Botzenhart
Page 1339 and 1340: 20 Toxic Effects of Solvent Exposur
Page 1341 and 1342: 20.1 Toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics
Page 1343 and 1344: 20.1 Toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics
Page 1345 and 1346:
20.1 Toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics
Page 1347 and 1348:
Page 1349 and 1350:
Page 1351 and 1352:
20.2 Cognitive and psychosocial out
Page 1353 and 1354:
Page 1355 and 1356:
Page 1357 and 1358:
20.3 Pregnancy outcome following so
Page 1359 and 1360:
Page 1361 and 1362:
Page 1363 and 1364:
Page 1365 and 1366:
Page 1367 and 1368:
Page 1369 and 1370:
Page 1371 and 1372:
Page 1373 and 1374:
Page 1375 and 1376:
Page 1377 and 1378:
Page 1379 and 1380:
20.4 Industrial solvents and kidney
Page 1381 and 1382:
Page 1383 and 1384:
Page 1385 and 1386:
Page 1387 and 1388:
20.5 Lymphohematopoietic study of w
Page 1389 and 1390:
Page 1391 and 1392:
Page 1393 and 1394:
Page 1395 and 1396:
Page 1397 and 1398:
Page 1399 and 1400:
20.6 Chromosomal aberrations 1375 2
Page 1401 and 1402:
20.6 Chromosomal aberrations 1377 p
Page 1403 and 1404:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1379 8 Mitelman
Page 1405 and 1406:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1381 to convert
Page 1407 and 1408:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1383 Table 20.7
Page 1409 and 1410:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1385 toxicity o
Page 1411 and 1412:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1387 early pote
Page 1413 and 1414:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1389 vents. It
Page 1415 and 1416:
20.7 Hepatotoxicity 1391 19 Slater
Page 1417 and 1418:
20.8 Solvents and the liver 1393 20
Page 1419 and 1420:
20.8 Solvents and the liver 1395 Cu
Page 1421 and 1422:
20.8 Solvents and the liver 1397 th
Page 1423 and 1424:
20.8 Solvents and the liver 1399 cu
Page 1425 and 1426:
Page 1427 and 1428:
Page 1429 and 1430:
20.9 Toxicity of environmental solv
Page 1431 and 1432:
Page 1433 and 1434:
Page 1435 and 1436:
Page 1437 and 1438:
Page 1439 and 1440:
Page 1441 and 1442:
Page 1443 and 1444:
21 Substitution of Solvents by Safe
Page 1445 and 1446:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1421 So
Page 1447 and 1448:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1423 Fi
Page 1449 and 1450:
Page 1451 and 1452:
Page 1453 and 1454:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1429 K
Page 1455 and 1456:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1431 ai
Page 1457 and 1458:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1433 Th
Page 1459 and 1460:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1435 wh
Page 1461 and 1462:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1437 *
Page 1463 and 1464:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1439 In
Page 1465 and 1466:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1441 21
Page 1467 and 1468:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1443 Ta
Page 1469 and 1470:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1445 Re
Page 1471 and 1472:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1447 Re
Page 1473 and 1474:
21.1 Supercritical solvents 1449 ta
Page 1475 and 1476:
Page 1477 and 1478:
Page 1479 and 1480:
Page 1481 and 1482:
Page 1483 and 1484:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1459 85 M. Polia
Page 1485 and 1486:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1461 be used. Th
Page 1487 and 1488:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1463 Figure 21.2
Page 1489 and 1490:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1465 Table 21.2.
Page 1491 and 1492:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1467 been utiliz
Page 1493 and 1494:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1469 One specifi
Page 1495 and 1496:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1471 lustrates t
Page 1497 and 1498:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1473 these alloy
Page 1499 and 1500:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1475 ( ) ln = K
Page 1501 and 1502:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1477 According t
Page 1503 and 1504:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1479 Acidic melt
Page 1505 and 1506:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1481 21 C.L. Hus
Page 1507 and 1508:
21.2 Ionic liquids 1483 110 G.P. Li
Page 1509 and 1510:
21.3 Oxide solubilities in ionic me
Page 1511 and 1512:
Page 1513 and 1514:
Page 1515 and 1516:
Page 1517 and 1518:
Page 1519 and 1520:
Page 1521 and 1522:
21.4 Alternative cleaning technolog
Page 1523 and 1524:
Page 1525 and 1526:
Page 1527 and 1528:
Page 1529 and 1530:
Page 1531 and 1532:
1508 Klaus-Dirk Henning Application
Page 1533 and 1534:
1510 Klaus-Dirk Henning 22.1.2.2 Ad
Page 1535 and 1536:
1512 Klaus-Dirk Henning point the a
Page 1537 and 1538:
1514 Klaus-Dirk Henning Figure 22.1
Page 1539 and 1540:
Page 1541 and 1542:
1518 Klaus-Dirk Henning Table 22.1.
Page 1543 and 1544:
Page 1545 and 1546:
1522 Klaus-Dirk Henning Regeneratio
Page 1547 and 1548:
1524 Klaus-Dirk Henning • activit
Page 1549 and 1550:
1526 Klaus-Dirk Henning adsorption
Page 1551 and 1552:
Page 1553 and 1554:
Page 1555 and 1556:
Page 1557 and 1558:
1534 Klaus-Dirk Henning vent conden
Page 1559 and 1560:
Page 1561 and 1562:
Page 1563 and 1564:
Page 1565 and 1566:
1542 Klaus-Dirk Henning 12 H. Krill
Page 1567 and 1568:
1544 Isao Kimura Table 22.2.1. Appl
Page 1569 and 1570:
1546 Isao Kimura Table 22.2.2. Typi
Page 1571 and 1572:
1548 Isao Kimura 22.2.4 SOLVENT REC
Page 1573 and 1574:
1550 Isao Kimura Figure 22.2.9. Flo
Page 1575 and 1576:
1552 Isao Kimura • Difficult in d
Page 1577 and 1578:
1554 Isao Kimura Figure 22.2.12. Fl
Page 1579 and 1580:
1556 Denis Kargol Figure 22.3.1. So
Page 1581 and 1582:
1558 Denis Kargol Figure 22.3.4. AS
Page 1583 and 1584:
1560 K. A. Magrini, et al. and Olli
Page 1585 and 1586:
1562 K. A. Magrini, et al. ysis of
Page 1587 and 1588:
1564 K. A. Magrini, et al. Figure 2
Page 1589 and 1590:
1566 K. A. Magrini, et al. On the l
Page 1591 and 1592:
1568 K. A. Magrini, et al. ating te
Page 1593 and 1594:
1570 K. A. Magrini, et al. Cummings
Page 1595 and 1596:
1572 Hanadi S. Rifai, Charles J. Ne
Page 1597 and 1598:
Page 1599 and 1600:
Page 1601 and 1602:
Page 1603 and 1604:
Page 1605 and 1606:
Page 1607 and 1608:
Page 1609 and 1610:
Page 1611 and 1612:
Page 1613 and 1614:
Page 1615 and 1616:
Page 1617 and 1618:
Page 1619 and 1620:
Page 1621 and 1622:
Page 1623 and 1624:
Page 1625 and 1626:
Page 1627 and 1628:
Page 1629 and 1630:
Page 1631 and 1632:
Page 1633 and 1634:
Page 1635 and 1636:
Page 1637 and 1638:
Page 1639 and 1640:
Page 1641 and 1642:
1618 Barry J. Spargo, James G. Muel
Page 1643 and 1644:
Page 1645 and 1646:
Page 1647 and 1648:
Page 1649 and 1650:
Page 1651 and 1652:
Page 1653 and 1654:
Page 1655 and 1656:
1632 George Wypych number of 1 or e
Page 1657 and 1658:
1634 George Wypych In addition to t
Page 1659 and 1660:
1636 George Wypych d diameter of gr
Page 1661 and 1662:
1638 George Wypych wax-containing c
Page 1663 and 1664:
1640 George Wypych product of inven
Page 1665 and 1666:
1642 George Wypych selection of sol
Page 1667 and 1668:
1644 George Wypych fining processes
Page 1669 and 1670:
1646 George Wypych requires several
Page 1671 and 1672:
1648 George Wypych crease color str
Page 1673 and 1674:
1650 George Wypych tion. The patent
Page 1675 and 1676:
1652 George Wypych 75 M Solinas, T
Page 1677 and 1678:
1658 Index anhydrous form 282 anili
Page 1679 and 1680:
1660 Index 1-chlorooctane 826 chlor
Page 1681 and 1682:
1662 Index term 750 dipole moment 1
Page 1683 and 1684:
1664 Index Friedel-Crafts alkylatio
Page 1685 and 1686:
1666 Index method 245 laser 689 lat
Page 1687 and 1688:
1668 Index O octane 127,185 1-octan
Page 1689 and 1690:
1670 Index Prandtl number 392 Praus
Page 1691 and 1692:
1672 Index function 137 preferentia
Page 1693 and 1694:
1674 Index change 350 time scale 33
show all

Handbook of Solvents - George Wypych - ChemTech - Ventech!

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?