Handbook of Solvents - George Wypych - ChemTech - Ventech!

864 M Matsumoto, S Isken, JAMdeBont
products are insoluble in an aqueous solution but dissolve in some organic solvents. The attempt
was successful. The conversion of cholesterol was more than 98% and the yield of oxidative
products was 80%.
Speelmans et al. 50 reported on the bioconversion of limonene to perillic acid by a solvent-tolerant
Pseudomonas putida. The microbial toxicity of limonene is known to be very
high. It is a major component of citrus essential oil and is a cheap and readily available base
material. By using a solvent-tolerant strain perillic acid was obtained at a high concentration.
This finding brings commercial production nearer.
The applications of solvent-tolerant strains in microbial production processes are at
present limited, but two strategic options are currently available to use such bacteria. 20 Relevant
genes can be introduced into solvent-tolerant organisms in order to produce the required
product. This approach has been followed successfully by J. Wery in our laboratory
who employed an 1-octanol-aqueous system. Methylcatechol was produced from toluene
by solvent tolerant P. putida S12. Alternatively, the efflux pump can be expressed in a suitable
solvent-sensitive host which would then be more tolerant for a particular solvent.
Other benefits may arrive from solvent-resistant bacteria. Ogino et al. 26 isolated Pseudomonas
aeruginosa LST-03 which can grow in organic solvents with logPO/W >2.4 and secrets
organic solvent-stable lipolytic enzymes. They were able to purify an organic
solvent-stable protease which was more stable than the commercially available proteases. 51
Hence, solvent-tolerant strains have become a source for new enzymes. 52
In the near future, the use of solvent-tolerant strains will make the application of organic
solvents in biotransformations by whole cells a more realistic option.
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