Handbook of Solvents - George Wypych - ChemTech - Ventech!

14.4.1 Organic solvents in microbial production 861
Figure 14.4.1.3 Schematic presentation of possible mechanisms of solvent tolerance. A Changes in the structure of
cytoplasmic membrane. B Changes in the structure of outer membrane. C Transformation of the solvent. D Active
export of the solvents [After reference 32]
vents. 17 Not only the impairment of the barrier function is caused by the alterations that occur
in the membrane structure when it interacts with organic solvents. It is well known that
the activities of the proteins embedded in the membrane are regulated by the membrane
thickness, head group hydration, fluidity and fatty acid composition. 18,19 All these parameters
are also known to be affected by the accumulation of organic solvents. The effects of
solvents on these parameters were reviewed by Sikkema et al. 10