LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) < 20 µg/L, which is about 8% of the 250 µg/L MBAS content in the discharge. This means that the real LAS primary degradation reaches 99.8%. Reference: Schoeberl, P. 1991. Coupling the OECD confirmatory test with continuous ecotoxicity tests. Tenside Surf. Det. 28:6-14. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (i) Type: aerobic [X]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [ X ]; municipal sewage treatment plant effluent Concentration: 5 mg/L related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] MBAS Medium: water [X]; water-sediment [ ]; soil [ ]; sewage treatment [ ] Degradation: 95% after 19 days Results: readily biodeg. [X]; inherently biodeg. [ ]; under test condition no biodegradation observed [ ], other [ ] Method: OECD Screening Test according to “Verordnung ueber die Abbaubarkeit anionischer und nichtionischer grenzflaechenaktiver Stoffe in Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel vom 30.1.1977”. Bundesgesetzblatt Teil I, S. 244. 1977 GLP: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ] Test substance: Marlon A 350 (CAS #68411-30-3) C10-13 LAS, average alkyl chain length = C11.6 Reference: European Commission. 2000b. Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts. Year 2000 CD-ROM edition, citing Henkel KGaA, unpublished results (Registry No. 5929). Reliability: 4 Not assignable (j) Type: aerobic [X ]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [X]; synthetic sewage Concentration: 19.2 mg/L related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] Medium: water [X]; water-sediment [ ]; soil [ ]; sewage treatment [ ] Degradation: 92.3% based on DOC reduction Results: readily biodeg. [ ]; inherently biodeg. [ ]; under test condition no biodegradation observed [ ], other [X] Method: OECD-Guideline 303A coupled units test. The studies were carried out in the OECD Confirmatory Test plant at different laboratories using synthetic wastewater as specified in the EC Guidelines 82/242 and 82/243. In these studies, LAS was added to the test at 10 mg/L. Test periods in the different laboratories ran from 33 to 139 days. Test temperature ranged from 19.6- 23.0 o C. GLP: Yes [X] No [ ] ? [ ] Test substance: Marlon A390 (CAS #68411-30-3) C10-13 LAS, average alkyl chain length = C11.8 Remarks: The degradation rate of 92.3% is the mean of 10 studies conducted at 7 different laboratories, based on DOC reduction, with LAS added to the confirmatory test plant. Reference: 1) Schoeberl, P. 1991. Coupling the OECD confirmatory test with continuous ecotoxicity tests. Tenside Surf. Det. 28:6-14. 2) European Commission. 2000b. Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts. Year 2000 CD-ROM edition, citing Henkel KGaA, unpublished results (Registry No. 5929). Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (k) Type: aerobic [X]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [X]; Concentration: 10 mg/L UNEP PUBLICATIONS 160
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) Medium: related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] as MBAS water [X]; water-sediment [ ]; soil [ ]; sewage treatment [ ] Degradation: 99.8% after 3 days (for sewage dose of 1.0 mg/L) 89.4% after 7 days (for sewage dose of 0.5 mg/L) 74.5% after 7 days (no sewage dose, but aerated) 40.7% after 7 days (no sewage, non aerated) Results: readily biodeg. [ ]; inherently biodeg. [ ]; under test condition no biodegradation observed [ ], other [X] primary biodegradation Method: Samples from test flasks were taken at 12 hour intervals and the detergent concentration expressed as methylene blue active substance was determined. The initial concentration of detergent was 10 mg/L. The degradation of LAS was evaluated in raw canal water and in canal water seeded with either 0.5 ml/L or 1.0 ml/L sewage from the Ismalia sewage treatment plant. GLP: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ] Test substance: Commercial LAS detergent (provided by Merck, Darmstadt, Germany); likely average alkyl chain length = C11.6 Remarks: Medium was Ismailia Canal water (Cairo, Egypt). ABS and a 1:1 mixture of ABS:LAS were also examined. Degradation of LAS was rapid, whereas degradation of ABS and the 1:1 mixture of ABS/LAS was slower. In all cases, aeration and addition of sewage microflora enhanced degradation. Reference: Abdel-Shafy, H.I., Azzam, A.M. and El-Gamal, I.M. 1988. Studies on the degradation of synthetic detergents by sewage. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 41:310-316. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (l) Type: aerobic [X]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [X]; Concentration: 15 mg/L related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] HPLC Medium: water [ ]; water-sediment [ ]; soil [ ]; sewage treatment [X] Degradation: 95% after 28 days (LAS-A) 98% after 28 days (LAS-B) Results: readily biodeg. [ ]; inherently biodeg. [ ]; under test condition no biodegradation observed [ ], other [X] Method: OECD303A coupled units test modified by AIS/CESIO "ad hoc" working group. GLP: Yes [X] No [ ] ? [ ] Test substance: Two C10-13 LAS commercial products as described in the remarks. Remarks: LAS-A, produced by the HF process, was 93% linear with 0.5% tetralins and 6.5% iso-branching and the following homologue distribution of the alkyl chain: C10 15%, C11 34%, C12 31%, C13 20% (average alkyl chain length = C11.56). LAS-B, produced by the AlCl3 process, was 98% linear with 0.5% tetralins and 1.5% iso-branching and the following homologue distribution of the alkyl chain: C10 15%, C11 29%, C12 32%, C13 24%, average alkyl chain length = C11.65. HPLC methods specific to LAS were used to directly measure the test substances (LAS as well as the biodegradable intermediates). The ultimate biodegradation rates determined by HPLC are >10% higher than those obtained using DOC determination. The studies were conducted according to high standards and should be considered reliable. Reference: Cavalli, L., Cassani, G. and Lazzarin, M. 1996a. Biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) and alcohol ethoxylate (AE). Tenside Surf. Det. 33:158-165. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (m) UNEP PUBLICATIONS 161
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